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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Skin sensitisation

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
skin sensitisation: in chemico
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Study period:
2.5.2018 and 4.5.2018
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2018
Report date:
2018

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 442C (In Chemico Skin Sensitisation: Direct Peptide Reactivity Assay (DPRA))
Deviations:
no
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Although the in vitro test was not carried out in a registered GLP laboratory, the Givaudan in vitro Technologies laboratory based at it's Dubendorf site in Switzerland performs all in vitro studies within the "spirit" of GLP. In addition this Givaudan laboratory at Dubendorf devised the KeratinoSens testing protocol and instigated the assay acceptance with ECHA and the OECD. The Givaudan laboratory at Dubendorf also was a member of the DPRA acceptance testing program of laboratories and has over 5 years experience with both the KeratinoSens and DPRA assays.
GLP compliance:
no
Remarks:
Although the in vitro test was not carried out in a registered GLP laboratory, the Givaudan in vitro Technologies laboratory based at it's Dubendorf site in Switzerland performs all in vitro studies within the "spirit" of GLP.
Type of study:
direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA)

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
4-(dodecylsulfanyl)-4-methylpentan-2-one
EC Number:
865-653-3
Cas Number:
855737-35-8
Molecular formula:
C18H36OS
IUPAC Name:
4-(dodecylsulfanyl)-4-methylpentan-2-one
Test material form:
liquid

In chemico test system

Details on the study design:
Acetonitrile (i.e. the standard solvent of the SOP) could be used for preparation of test solutions.The test was run according to the final validated SOP published by ECVAM (Dbalm protocol 154).

BASIS OF THE METHOD
Skin sensitizing chemicals have the ability to covalently modify skin proteins or to be biotically or abiotically activated to become protein-reactive. Chemical-modified proteins are recognized by the immune system as foreign and trigger a specific T-cell mediated immune response.
A key step in the skin sensitization process is therefore the formation of a covalent adduct between the skin sensitizer and endogenous proteins and/or peptides in the skin. Based on this wellestablished toxicity mechanism, the most straightforward approach to predict skin sensitization involves the measurement of the reactivity of a test compound towards peptides and proteins. Gerberick et al. therefore developed a peptide depletion assay using different
heptapeptides (later coined the DPRA or ‘direct peptide reactivity assay’) to assess a chemicals ability to react with and deplete a test peptide. Depletion is measured as the loss of the peptide signal as determined by HPLC-UV.

EXPERIMENTAL DESCRIPTION
Test System(s):
The Lys-peptide Ac-RFAAKAA is incubated at a final concentration of 0.5 mM in an ammonium acetate buffer at pH 10.5 in presence of a final level of 25% acetonitrile and in presence of a 50-fold excess of the test substance (25 mM) dissolved in acetonitrile.
The Cys-peptide Ac-RFAACAA is incubated at a final concentration of 0.5 mM in phosphate buffer at pH 7.5 in presence of a final level of 25% acetonitrile and in presence of a 10-fold excess of the test substance (5 mM) dissolved in acetonitrile.

Endpoint & Endpoint Detection:
24 h after start of the incubation the remaining peptide is quantified with HPLC-UV.

HPLC-Conditions:
▪ LC-System: Agilent 1100 Series (quat. low pressure gradient pump)
▪ Column: Zorbax SB-C18, 3μm, 2.1mm x 100mm
▪ DAD-Detector: 220nm
▪ Inj.Vol.: 7μl, Temp.: 30°C, Flow: 0.35ml/min
▪ Mobile Phase: ACN + 0.085% TFA / H2O + 1% TFA
▪ Gradient: 0min: 10% ACN / 90% H2O
10min: 25% ACN / 75% H2O
11min: 90% ACN / 10% H2O
13min: 90% ACN / 10% H2O
13.5min - 20min: 10% ACN / 90% H2O (conditioning)

Endpoint Value:
The endpoint is expressed as % peptide depletion.

Positive control
In each test Cinnamic aldehyde is included as positive control.

Data Processing
Data evaluation is automatically performed by a standardized Excel template which forms part of the SOP.

Prediction Model
Based on the average peptide depletion values for both the Cysteine and the Lysine peptide, a reactivity class is attributed to the substances. Average depletion below 6.38% indicates minimal reactivity, substances in this class are predicted as non-sensitizers by the DPRA.
The study protocol was validated with the proficiency chemicals prescribed in the OECD test guideline 442C. The results of the testing on the proficiency chemicals at the test facility is described in Test report RCR 153’453, ‘Direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA) for skin sensitization testing:
Proficiency testing at the Givaudan testing facility’.

Results and discussion

Positive control results:
All the acceptance criteria were fulfilled for the positive control cinnamic aldehyde.

Cys-peptide depletion:
Average: 66.1
Standard deviation: 1.1
Coefficient of variation: .1.6

Lys-peptide depletion:
Average: 53.6
Standard deviation: 2.0
Coefficient of variation: .3.7

In vitro / in chemico

Results
Key result
Parameter:
other: Average depletion Cys- and Lys-peptides
Value:
4.5 %
Vehicle controls validity:
valid
Negative controls validity:
not applicable
Positive controls validity:
valid
Remarks on result:
no indication of skin sensitisation
Other effects / acceptance of results:
The test substance gave 9% depletion of the Cys-peptide and 0 % depletion of the Lys-peptide. The average peptide depletion is 4.5%. This is below the threshold of 13.89%, and the substance is thus attributed to the “minimal” reactivity class, rating it as a non-sensitizer according to the DPRA prediction model.

Acceptance criteria: The standard deviation for Cys-peptide depletion should be < 14.9% and for Lys-peptide depletion < 11.6%. These criteria were fulfilled (2.5 and 0.5 % SD, respectively). The co-elution controls indicated no co-elution with an UV-absorbing component.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:
other: DPRA test result itself does not classify the substance as skin sensitizer.
Conclusions:
GR-87-7596 was non-reactive and classified into the minimal reactivity class according to the prediction model. It is therefore considered a non-sensitizer according to the prediction model of the DPRA.
Executive summary:

Introduction

The Direct peptide reactivity Assay (DPRA) is an in chemico test to determine the reactivity of test a substance towards peptides.

This assay has been validated for a broad range of low-molecular weight chemicals and it was found to detect reactive skin sensitizers from a broad range of so called applicability domains, i.e. chemicals reacting with proteins by different mechanisms. It was validated by ECVAM and proposed to be used as part of an integrated approach for testing and assessment (IATA).

Experimental

The test substance GR-87-7596 was dissolved in acetonitrile and mixed with a Cysteine- and a Lysine-containing peptide according to the standard operating procedure of the DPRA. One study with three replicates was conducted. After 24 h incubation time, peptide depletion induced by GR-87-7596 was determined by HPLC-UV.

Results

GR-87-7596 was non-reactive and classified into the minimal reactivity class according to the DPRA prediction model. It is therefore considered a non-sensitizer according to the prediction model of the DPRA.