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EC number: 947-603-3 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Remarks:
- experimental data of read across substances
- Justification for type of information:
- Data for the target chemical is summarized based on the structurally similar read across chemicals
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: as mentioned below
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- WoE 2 and WoE 3:
- Concentrations: 100 mg/l
- Sampling method: Test chemical solution was prepared directly by dissolving the formulation powder in specific test medium for algae (ISO 8692 medium). - Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- WoE 2 and WoE 3:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: green algae
- Method of cultivation: Algae were routinely cultured at 25±1 °C with light in Cyanobacteria BG-11 Freshwater Solution. The culture was split twice a week, adding fresh medium.
- Other: Raphidocelis subcapitata was routinely maintained from a frozen aliquot generated by algae purchased from the national distributor of MicroBioTests Inc. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- WoE 2 and WoE 3: 25 ± 1°C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- WoE 2 and WoE 3: 100 mg/l (Nominal concentrations)
- Details on test conditions:
- WoE 2 and WoE 3:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Microplate was used as a test vessel for the study.
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 24-well microplate
- Initial cells density: 10000 cells/ml
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3 replicates
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3 replicates
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 3 replicates
- Other: Test vessel was incubated on an orbital shaker (90 rpm) in a thermostatic chamber.
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Light intensity and quality: Light was provided by a 2 W LED Unit for each plate.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: Algal cell density was measured at the beginning and end of treatment with a TC20™ Automated Cell Counter (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc), selecting a gate of 4–14 μm or by visual scoring with a Burker's chamber. Results were expressed as effect on biomass (EbC50) and on growth rate (ErC50). - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- WoE 2 and WoE 3: Potassium dichromate (0.10 to 1.8 mg/l)
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- < 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: WoE 2 and WoE 3
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: ErC50
- Effect conc.:
- 135.323 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: WoE 2: 95% C. I. – 116.974 to 179.365 mg/l
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EbC50
- Effect conc.:
- 45.365 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: WoE 2
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: ErC50
- Effect conc.:
- 152.76 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: WoE 3: 95% C. I. – 134.406 to 179.274 mg/l
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EbC50
- Effect conc.:
- 25.904 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: WoE 3: 95% C. I. – 22.233 to 32.632 mg/l
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- WoE 2 and WoE 3: All statistical analyses were done using Prism5 (GraphPad Software, Inc.). One-way ANOVA was used for statistical comparisons with Bonferroni's, Dunnett's and Tukey's post hoc tests for multiple comparisons. Significance was set at p<0.05. REGTOX macro Excel™ for dose-response was used to obtain EC50 values by a non-linear regression analysis with Hill's model.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- On the basis of the experimental studies of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach and by evaluating the effect of test chemical on test organism, the 48 hr ErC50 value can be expected to be in the range 135.323 to 152.76 mg/l, respectively.
- Executive summary:
Data available of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the effect of the test chemical on aquatic algae. The studies are as mentioned below:
Toxicity to aquatic algae study was carried out for 72 hrsfor assessing the effect of test chemical on Raphidocelis subcapitata (green algae). Algae were routinely cultured at 25±1 °C with light in Cyanobacteria BG-11 Freshwater Solution. The culture was split twice a week, adding fresh medium. Test chemical solution was prepared directly by dissolving the formulation powder in specific test medium for algae (ISO 8692 medium). Limit test was performed using a nominal test chemical conc. of 100 mg/l. Test organism were exposed to the test chemical (2 ml) in sterile 24-well plates for 72 hrs under static conditions. Algal stock solution containing 1010000 cells/mL was added (20 μL) to each well to obtain a starting algal density of 10000 cells/mL. Untreated ISO formulation freshwater and Potassium dichromate (0.10 to 1.8 mg/l) were used as a negative and positive control. All experiments was performed in triplicates. Plates were incubated at 25±1 °C for 72 hr on an orbital shaker (90 rpm) in a thermostatic chamber. Light was provided by a 2 W LED Unit for each plate. Algal cell density was measured at the beginning and end of treatment with a TC20™ Automated Cell Counter (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc), selecting a gate of 4–14 μm or by visual scoring with a Burker's chamber. Results were expressed as effect on biomass (EbC50) and on growth rate (ErC50). All statistical analyses were done using Prism5 (GraphPad Software, Inc.). One-way ANOVA was used for statistical comparisons with Bonferroni's, Dunnett's and Tukey's post hoc tests for multiple comparisons. Significance was set at p<0.05. REGTOX macro Excel™ for dose-response was used to obtain EC50 values by a non-linear regression analysis with Hill's model. On basis of effect of the test chemical on growth rate of the test organism Raphidocelis subcapitata, the 72 hr ErC50 value was determined to be 135.323 mg/l (95% C. I. – 116.974 to 179.365 mg/l) & on the basis of biomass, the 72 hr EbC50 value was determined to be 45.365 mg/l, respectively.Thus, based on the ErC50 value (135.323mg/l) alongwith growth rate effect, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aq. algae and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
Another toxicity to aquatic algae study was carried out for 72 hrsfor assessing the effect of test chemical on Raphidocelis subcapitata (green algae). Algae were routinely cultured at 25±1 °C with light in Cyanobacteria BG-11 Freshwater Solution. The culture was split twice a week, adding fresh medium. Test chemical solution was prepared directly by dissolving the formulation powder in specific test medium for algae (ISO 8692 medium). Limit test was performed using a nominal test chemical conc. of 100 mg/l. Test was conducted using the same test procedure and test conditions as mentioned in above study. On basis of effect of the test chemical on growth rate of the test organism Raphidocelis subcapitata, the 72 hr ErC50 value was determined to be 152.76 mg/l (95% C. I. – 134.406 to 179.274 mg/l) & on the basis of biomass, the 72 hr EbC50 value was determined to be 25.904 mg/l (95% C. I. – 22.233 to 32.632 mg/l), respectively. Thus, based on the ErC50 value (152.76 mg/l) alongwith growth rate effect, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aq. algae and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
On the basis of the experimental studies of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach and by evaluating the effect of test chemical on test organism, the 48 hr ErC50 value can be expected to be in the range 135.323 to 152.76 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the ErC50 value alongwith growth rate effect, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aq. algae and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
Reference
Description of key information
On the basis of the experimental studies of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach and by evaluating the effect of test chemical on test organism, the 48 hr ErC50 value can be expected to be in the range 135.323 to 152.76 mg/l, respectively
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 135.32 mg/L
Additional information
Data available of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals has been reviewed to determine the effect of the test chemical on aquatic algae. The studies are as mentioned below:
Toxicity to aquatic algae study was carried out for 72 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical on Raphidocelis subcapitata (green algae). Algae were routinely cultured at 25±1 °C with light in Cyanobacteria BG-11 Freshwater Solution. The culture was split twice a week, adding fresh medium. Test chemical solution was prepared directly by dissolving the formulation powder in specific test medium for algae (ISO 8692 medium). Limit test was performed using a nominal test chemical conc. of 100 mg/l. Test organism were exposed to the test chemical (2 ml) in sterile 24-well plates for 72 hrs under static conditions. Algal stock solution containing 1010000 cells/mL was added (20 μL) to each well to obtain a starting algal density of 10000 cells/mL. Untreated ISO formulation freshwater and Potassium dichromate (0.10 to 1.8 mg/l) were used as a negative and positive control. All experiments was performed in triplicates. Plates were incubated at 25±1 °C for 72 hr on an orbital shaker (90 rpm) in a thermostatic chamber. Light was provided by a 2 W LED Unit for each plate. Algal cell density was measured at the beginning and end of treatment with a TC20™ Automated Cell Counter (Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc), selecting a gate of 4–14 μm or by visual scoring with a Burker's chamber. Results were expressed as effect on biomass (EbC50) and on growth rate (ErC50). All statistical analyses were done using Prism5 (GraphPad Software, Inc.). One-way ANOVA was used for statistical comparisons with Bonferroni's, Dunnett's and Tukey's post hoc tests for multiple comparisons. Significance was set at p<0.05. REGTOX macro Excel™ for dose-response was used to obtain EC50 values by a non-linear regression analysis with Hill's model. On basis of effect of the test chemical on growth rate of the test organism Raphidocelis subcapitata, the 72 hr ErC50 value was determined to be 135.323 mg/l (95% C. I. – 116.974 to 179.365 mg/l) & on the basis of biomass, the 72 hr EbC50 value was determined to be 45.365 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the ErC50 value (135.323mg/l) alongwith growth rate effect, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aq. algae and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
Another toxicity to aquatic algae study was carried out for 72 hrs for assessing the effect of test chemical on Raphidocelis subcapitata (green algae). Algae were routinely cultured at 25±1 °C with light in Cyanobacteria BG-11 Freshwater Solution. The culture was split twice a week, adding fresh medium. Test chemical solution was prepared directly by dissolving the formulation powder in specific test medium for algae (ISO 8692 medium). Limit test was performed using a nominal test chemical conc. of 100 mg/l. Test was conducted using the same test procedure and test conditions as mentioned in above study. On basis of effect of the test chemical on growth rate of the test organism Raphidocelis subcapitata, the 72 hr ErC50 value was determined to be 152.76 mg/l (95% C. I. – 134.406 to 179.274 mg/l) & on the basis of biomass, the 72 hr EbC50 value was determined to be 25.904 mg/l (95% C. I. – 22.233 to 32.632 mg/l), respectively. Thus, based on the ErC50 value (152.76 mg/l) alongwith growth rate effect, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aq. algae and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
On the basis of the experimental studies of the structurally and functionally similar read across chemical and applying the weight of evidence approach and by evaluating the effect of test chemical on test organism, the 48 hr ErC50 value can be expected to be in the range 135.323 to 152.76 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the ErC50 value alongwith growth rate effect, test chemical was considered as non-toxic to aq. algae and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
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