Propanenitrile, 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)-

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Acute inhalation toxicity studies have been conducted on C4 F-isonitrile.  The acute oral and dermal toxicity of C4 F-isonitrile was waived as the substance is a gas.  The results of the studies are: 
Acute inhalation toxicity is greater than 10,000 ppm when tested according to a custom protocol.
Acute inhalation toxicity is less than 15,000 ppm when tested according to a custom protocol.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Acute toxicity: via inhalation route

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: inhalation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

23 July 2012 to 13 August 2012

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study was not conducted in compliance with GLP regulations

Remarks:

A scientifically valid, robust study was conducted on this substance prior to the REACH registration activities associated with this substance. The study is sufficient for hazard classification and in the interest of reducing animal testing, repeating the study under GLP conditions is not warranted.

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)

Deviations:

not applicable

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Male Sprague-Dawley rats (5/dose) were whole body exposed to 0, 5,000 or 10,000 ppm test article for a single 4 hour exposure on Study Day 1.

GLP compliance:

no

Remarks:

A scientifically valid, robust study sufficient for classification was conducted on this substance prior to the REACH registration activities. In the interest of reducing animal testing, repeating the study under GLP conditions is not warranted.

Test type:

standard acute method

Limit test:

no

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Sex:

male

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Harlan
- Age at study initiation: 6-8 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 169-197 g
- Fasting period before study: None
- Housing: Group housed in solid bottom cages
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Harlan Teklad Rat/Mouse 2018 Diet (Harlan Teklad, Madison, WI) ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Tap water, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: No data
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20.6-23.9
- Humidity (%): 30-70
- Air changes (per hr): 10
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 23 July 2012 To: 13 August 2012

Route of administration:

inhalation: gas

Type of inhalation exposure:

whole body

Vehicle:

other: unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on inhalation exposure:

GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: A calculated amount of test material was added to an exposure chamber of known volume
- Exposure chamber volume: No data
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: No data
- Source and rate of air: No data
- Method of conditioning air: No data
- Treatment of exhaust air: No data
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: Temp: 20.6-22.2, Humidity: 37-93%
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: Nominal concentrations were used
- Samples taken from breathing zone: no

Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:

no

Duration of exposure:

ca. 4 h

Concentrations:

0, 5,000, or 10,000 ppm

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5 males per dose

Control animals:

yes

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 3 animals per dose were sacrificed on Study Day 1, all others were observed for 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Animals were observed for clinical signs throughout the study. Animals were weighed on Days 1, 2-4, 7-11
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight,organ weights, histopathology

Sex:

male

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect level:

> 10 000 ppm

Exp. duration:

4 h

Mortality:

No mortality occurred during the study.

Clinical signs:

other: At 10,000 ppm, animals appeared agitated, had sporadic respiratory rates, were gasping, and had a lack of response to noise stimuli. Upon removal from the exposure chamber, all animals were ataxic, had slightly cool appendages and very slow respiratory r

Body weight:

All animals in the 10,000 ppm dose group lost weight on Study Day 1 and either gained weight or remained the same weight from Study Day 2 until the end of the observation period. Four animals in the 5,000 ppm dose group lost weight on Study Day 1, while one remained the same weight. There were sporadic body weight gains and losses in the remaining test animals through Day 3 post exposure. Both animals gained weight on Day 4 and continued to do so through the remainder of the study period.

Gross pathology:

No gross lesions or abnormalities were noted upon necropsy.

Other findings:

Histopathology: There were no test article-related histologic changes in the lungs, livers or kidney's of test group animals.

Interpretation of results:

Toxicity Category IV

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

Based on the results of the study, the 4-hour LC50 (gas) of the test article was > 10,000 ppm. Together with the results of the supporting study (LC50 < 15,000 ppm), a classification of Toxicity Category 4 was assigned.

Executive summary:

The acute inhalation toxicity of the test article was evaluated in male Sprague Dawley rats. This study was conducted according custom protocol and was not intended to be compliant with GLP guidelines. The test article was administered as received (as a gas). Rats (5/group) were exposed, whole body to the test article at 0, 5000, or 10000 ppm for a single 4-hour exposure. Control rats receiving 0 ppm of the test material were place in a separate chamber and treated in the same manner as the test groups with the exclusion of the addition of the test material. Of each group, 3 animals were euthanized on Day 1 post-dose for organ examination. The remaining 2 animals from each group were observed until Day 14 post-dose. Clinical observations (throughout study) and body weights (prior to exposure, Day 1, Days 2-4, Days 7-11, and Day 14) were recorded. At euthanasia, blood was collected. Following euthanasia, necropsy was performed on all animals, and lungs, liver, and kidneys were collected and weighed. Histopathological evaluation of the lungs and kidneys were also performed. Clinical observation at the 10,000 ppm exposure level included agitated appearance, sporadic respiratory rates, gasping, and a lack of response to noise stimuli. At the end of exposure, all animals were ataxic, had cool appendages, slow respiratory rates and three (3/5) animals had no grip strength. Clinical observations at the 5,000 ppm exposure level included slow, shallow, and sporadic respiratory patterns, gasping, lack of activity, and decreased response to noise stimuli. A decrease in body weight occurred on Days 1-4 in the 10,000 ppm animals and on Days 1-3 in the 5,000 ppm animals. Weights increased on Days 7 and 4 for the 10,000 and 5,000 ppm treated animals respectively. No gross lesions or other abnormalities were noted in any animal at gross necropsy. Average kidney, liver, and lung organ weights were similar between treated and control animals. No histopathological changes associated with the test article were observed (see additional histopathology report). Based on the results of the study, the 4-hour LC50 (gas) of the test article was > 10,000 ppm.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

acute toxicity: inhalation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

14 December 2011 to 15 December 2011 (in-life phase)

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study not conducted in compliance with GLP regulations.

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)

Deviations:

not applicable

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Male Sprague-Dawley rats (5/dose) were whole body exposed to 0 or15,000 ppm test article for a single 4 hour exposure on Study Day 1.

GLP compliance:

no

Test type:

standard acute method

Limit test:

no

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Sex:

male

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Harlan
- Age at study initiation: 6-8 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 182-199 g
- Fasting period before study: None
- Housing: Group housed prior to exposure
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Harlan Teklad Rat/Mouse 2018 Diet ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Tap water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: No data
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20.6-23.9
- Humidity (%): 30-70
- Air changes (per hr): 10
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 14 December 2011 To: 15 December 2011

Route of administration:

inhalation: gas

Type of inhalation exposure:

whole body

Vehicle:

other: unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on inhalation exposure:

GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
A calculated amount of test material was added to an exposure chamber of known volume
- Exposure chamber volume: No data
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: No data
- Source and rate of air: No data
- Method of conditioning air: No data
- Treatment of exhaust air: No data
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: Temp: 20.6-22.2, Humidity: 37-93%
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: Nominal concentrations were used
- Samples taken from breathing zone: no

Analytical verification of test atmosphere concentrations:

no

Duration of exposure:

ca. 4 h

Concentrations:

0 or 15,000 ppm

No. of animals per sex per dose:

5 males per dose

Control animals:

yes

Details on study design:

- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: Animals were observed throughout the study, body weights were recorded for all animals prior to exposure and on Day 1 post-exposure.
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes (planned)
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight

Sex:

male

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect level:

15 000 ppm

Exp. duration:

4 h

Remarks on result:

other: The 4 hour LC50 of the test article is < 15000 ppm.

Mortality:

All test group animals were euthanized in extremis on Day 1.

Clinical signs:

other: Periodic gasping, slow and sporadic respiratory rates, periodic head shaking, lack of response to noise stimuli, and clear fluid on the lids of the eyes were observed during exposure. After exosure slow, shallow respiration, ataxic movement, and severe d

Body weight:

All animals lost weight on Day 1 post exposure.

Gross pathology:

The lungs of the test animals were slightly red in color compared to controls. The kidneys of 2/5 test animals appared pale in color compared to the other test animals and control animals.

Interpretation of results:

other: Based on the results of the test, the 4 hour inhalation LC50 of the test article is less than 15000 ppm.

Remarks:

Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

Based on the results of the test, the 4 hour inhalation LC50 of the test article is less than 15000 ppm.

Executive summary:

The acute inhalation toxicity of the test article was evaluated in male Sprague Dawley rats following a 4-hour exposure. This study was not GLP compliant. The study design was based on custom protocol. Five male rats received a 4-hour, whole body exposure to an atmosphere containing 15000 ppm test article. A control group of 5 males was similarly exposed to an atmosphere containing no test material. The animals were observed continuously during exposure and then once daily thereafter. Body weights were recorded at pretest and on Day 1. Gross necropsy was performed on all animals on Day 1. All test group animals were euthanized in extremis on Day 1. During exposure to the test article, the following clinical observations were noted: periodic gasping, slow and sporadic respiratory rates, periodic head shaking, lack of response to noise stimuli, and clear fluid on the lids of closed eyes. Prior to death on Day 1, all test group animals exhibited weight loss, shallow respiration, ataxic movement only when touched, severe depression, and normal color. Necropsy revealed slightly red lungs in all test group animals and pale-colored kidneys in 2 test group males when compared to control group animals. Based on the results of this study, the 4-hour inhalation LC50 for the test article is less than 15000 ppm.

Additional information

The acute inhalation toxicity of the test article was evaluated in male Sprague Dawley rats. This study was conducted according custom protocol and was not intended to be compliant with GLP guidelines. The test article was administered as received (as a gas). Rats (5/group) were exposed, whole body to the test article at 0, 5000, or 10000 ppm for a single 4-hour exposure. Control rats receiving 0 ppm of the test material were place in a separate chamber and treated in the same manner as the test groups with the exclusion of the addition of the test material. Of each group, 3 animals were euthanized on Day 1 post-dose for organ examination. The remaining 2 animals from each group were observed until Day 14 post-dose. Clinical observations (throughout study) and body weights (prior to exposure, Day 1, Days 2-4, Days 7-11, and Day 14) were recorded. At euthanasia, blood was collected. Following euthanasia, necropsy was performed on all animals, and lungs, liver, and kidneys were collected and weighed. Histopathological evaluation of the lungs and kidneys were also performed. Clinical observation at the 10,000 ppm exposure level included agitated appearance, sporadic respiratory rates, gasping, and a lack of response to noise stimuli. At the end of exposure, all animals were ataxic, had cool appendages, slow respiratory rates and three (3/5) animals had no grip strength. Clinical observations at the 5,000 ppm exposure level included slow, shallow, and sporadic respiratory patterns, gasping, lack of activity, and decreased response to noise stimuli. A decrease in body weight occurred on Days 1-4 in the 10,000 ppm animals and on Days 1-3 in the 5,000 ppm animals. Weights increased on Days 7 and 4 for the 10,000 and 5,000 ppm treated animals respectively. No gross lesions or other abnormalities were noted in any animal at gross necropsy. Average kidney, liver, and lung organ weights were similar between treated and control animals. No histopathological changes associated with the test article were observed (see additional histopathology report). Based on the results of the study, the 4-hour LC50 (gas) of the test article was > 10,000 ppm.

 

The acute inhalation toxicity of the test article was evaluated in male Sprague Dawley rats following a 4-hour exposure. This study was not GLP compliant. The study design was based on custom protocol. Five male rats received a 4-hour, whole body exposure to an atmosphere containing 15000 ppm test article. A control group of 5 males was similarly exposed to an atmosphere containing no test material. The animals were observed continuously during exposure and then once daily thereafter. Body weights were recorded at pretest and on Day 1. Gross necropsy was performed on all animals on Day 1. All test group animals were euthanized in extremis on Day 1. During exposure to the test article, the following clinical observations were noted: periodic gasping, slow and sporadic respiratory rates, periodic head shaking, lack of response to noise stimuli, and clear fluid on the lids of closed eyes. Prior to death on Day 1, all test group animals exhibited weight loss, shallow respiration, ataxic movement only when touched, severe depression, and normal color. Necropsy revealed slightly red lungs in all test group animals and pale-colored kidneys in 2 test group males when compared to control group animals. Based on the results of this study, the 4-hour inhalation LC50 for the test article is less than 15000 ppm.

Justification for classification or non-classification

The results for the test article meet the CLP classification criteria for Acute Toxicity Category 4 based on a 4-hour inhalation LC50 between 2500 and 20000 ppm.