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EC number: 830-582-9 | CAS number: 1951440-04-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 11 April to 19 April 2019
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 019
- Report date:
- 2019
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 1-(heptyloxy)-4-{2-[4-(heptyloxy)phenyl]-4-methylpentan-2-yl}benzene
- EC Number:
- 830-582-9
- Cas Number:
- 1951440-04-2
- Molecular formula:
- C32H50O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 1-(heptyloxy)-4-{2-[4-(heptyloxy)phenyl]-4-methylpentan-2-yl}benzene
- Test material form:
- liquid: viscous
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: AS455433
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 01 November 2020
- CAS number 1951440-04-2
-Purity: 98.5%
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: at room temperature protected from the light
- Stability under test conditions: not stable
- Solubility and stability of the test substance in the solvent/vehicle: Preliminary data indictaed the test substance to have a water solubility of <0.023mg/l using a slow stirring flask method.
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0.1mg/l
- Sampling method: 2.0ml was taken from the approximate centre of the test vessels
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Samples were stored in a freezer (≤-15°C) until analysis at the analytical laboratory of the Test Facility.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Remarks:
- tetrahydrofuran (THF)
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Preparation of test solutions started with dissolving test item in tetrahydrofuran (THF) to obtain a stock solution with a nominal concentration of 1.0 mg/mL. No other treatment than vigorous shaking was needed to completely dissolve the test item. The stock solution was then directly spiked into the test vessels (100 µl).
- Controls: Controls were spiked with 100µl of THF without test substance.
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): tetrahydrofuran (THF)
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) or suspension(s) including control(s)): 0.10 mg/l THF in test media
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc.): No evidence of undissolved test item was observed in the stock or test solution.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain/clone: not stated
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): at least third generation, obtained by a cyclical parthenogenesis under specified breeding conditions.
- Method of breeding: clinical parthenogenesis
- Source: not stated
- Feeding during test : not stated
- Food type: not stated
ACCLIMATION /BREEDING
- Acclimation period: 4 weeks stated as maximum age of cultures
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): not stated
- Type and amount of food: daily, a suspension of fresh water algae
- Feeding frequency: daily
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): not stated
-Test medium: various salts and vitamins were added to the test medium during the breeding.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 180 mg/l
- Test temperature:
- 19 to 20 °C
- pH:
- 7.8 to 8.3
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 9.2 to 9.5 mg/l
- Salinity:
- not stated
- Conductivity:
- not stated
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentration: 0.1mg/l
Measured concentration: At time 0 the concentration was 0.073mg/l, and after 48 hours it had decreased to 0.026mg/l. The average exposure concentration was calculated to be 0.043mg/l which was used for expression of effects. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 60ml, all glass
- Type (delete if not applicable): not stated
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 10ml
- Volume of solution: 50ml
- Aeration: no aeration of the test solutions was applied
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 4 (only vehicle control)
- Biomass loading rate: not stated
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: tap water purified by Reverse Osmosis (RO-water, GEON Waterbehandeling, Berkel-Enschot, The Netherlands):
- Culture medium different from test medium:
CaCl2.2H2O 211.5 mg/L
MgSO4.7H2O 88.8 mg/L
NaHCO3 46.7 mg/L
KCl 4.2 mg/L
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: a daily photoperiod of 16 hours
- Light intensity: not stated
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobility at 24 and 48 hours
VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: yes
RANGE-FINDING STUDY : not performed. Based on the very low water solubility of the test item, no acute toxic effects were expected. Therefore, testing started with a limit test. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.043 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- - Other biological observations:
70 to 60% of the daphnids exposed to the limit concentration were entrapped at the surface of the solution after 24 and 48 hours. As the test item is highly hydrophobic and poorly soluble in aqueous media, it was hypothesized that daphnids became buoyant due to adsorption of test item to their body’s outer surface. However, microscopic observation revealed that no visible test item was attached to the daphnids. According to the definition of ‘immobility’ as described in Annex 1 of the OECD Test Guideline 202 (2004), all daphnids exposed to the limit concentration were mobile after being re-immersed in the solution. Therefore, the study was concluded, and based on the result of the limit test, EC50-values for immobility were considered to be beyond the maximum concentration tested.
- Mortality of control: None observed.
- Other adverse effects control: None observed.
- Immobilisation of control: None observed
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: No precipitation observed.
- Water solubility: the 48 EC50 was thought to be above the water solubility limit. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid: the sensitivity of this batch of Daphnia magna was in agreement with ISO International Standard 6341, October 2012 and the historical data collected at Charles River Den Bosch.
- Relevant effect levels: 0.10 to 1.8mg/l
- Limit test: no
- Dose-response test: yes
- ECx: The 24h-EC50 was 0.92 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval between 0.78 and 1.1 mg/L. The 48h-EC50 was 0.55 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval between 0.47 and 0.64 mg/L.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. Number of Introduced Daphnids and Incidence of Immobility in the Limit Test
Time (h) |
Replicate |
4,4’-(4-methylpentane-2,2-diyl)bis((heptyloxy)benzene) Average exposure concentration(mg/L) |
|
|
Control |
0.043 |
|
0 |
A |
5 |
5 |
|
B |
5 |
5 |
|
C |
5 |
5 |
|
D |
5 |
5 |
|
Total introduced |
20 |
20 |
24 |
A |
0 |
0 (4) |
|
B |
0 |
0 (4) |
|
C |
0 |
0 (4) |
|
D |
0 |
0 (2) |
|
Total immobilised |
0 |
0 |
|
Effect % |
0 |
0 |
48 |
A |
0 |
0 (4)# |
|
B |
0 |
0 (3) |
|
C |
0 |
0 (3) |
|
D |
0 |
0 (3) |
|
Total immobilised |
0 |
0 |
|
Effect % |
0 |
0 |
( ) - Number of daphnids observed trapped at the surface of the test solutions. These organisms were re- immersed into the respective solutions before recording of mobility,#Microscopic observation revealed that no visible test item was attached to the entrapped daphnids in this replicate.
Table 2. Limit Test: Test Samples Concentrations
Time ofsampling[hours] |
Date ofsampling |
Date of analysis1 |
Concentration [mg/L] |
Relative to nominal [%] |
Relative to initial [%] |
|
Nominal |
Analyzed |
|||||
0 |
16 Apr 2019 |
24 Apr 2019 |
0 |
n.d. |
n.a. |
|
|
|
|
0.10 |
0.0732 |
73 |
|
48 |
18 Apr 2019 |
24 Apr 2019 |
0 |
n.d. |
n.a. |
n.a. |
|
|
|
0.10 |
0.0262 |
26 |
35 |
1 Samples were stored in the freezer (≤ -15°C) until the day of analysis.
2 Estimated value, calculated by extrapolation of the calibrationcurve.
n.d. Not detected.
n.a. Not applicable.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 48h-EC50 for immobility of Daphnia magna exposed to 4,4’-(4-methylpentane-2,2-diyl)bis((heptyloxy)benzene) was beyond the maximum concentration tested, i.e. exceeded an average exposure concentration of 0.043 mg/L which was above the water solubility limit.
- Executive summary:
Assessment of the acute toxicity of 4,4’-(4-methylpentane-2,2-diyl)bis((heptyloxy)benzene) to Daphnia magna was carried out according to the OECD 202 Guidelines and in accordance with GLP. Due to the low solubility of the substance a stock solution was prepared with tetrahydrofuran (THF) and this was used to spike the test medium. A limit test was performed due to the low solubility of the substance with daphnids exposed to nominal concentrations of 0.1mg/l. Analytical confirmation of the test concentrations at time 0 and time 48 hours indicated a decreased in exposure concentration with an average exposure concentration calculated at 0.043mg/l.
No immobility was observed in the control and at the limit concentration throughout the test, although there were issues with the daphnids becoming trapped in the surface layer in the exposure vessels depsite no visible signs of the test material in the test solutions or on the surface of the daphnids. The 48 hour EC50 for immobility was calculated at >0.043mg/l, which was above the water solubility limit.
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