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Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

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Endpoint:
toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Type of information:
(Q)SAR
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
07/03/2018-08/03/2018
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model, but not (completely) falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: REACH Guidance on QSARs R.6 (following OCDE 201, EU C.3)
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Constituent glucose Smile : C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](C(O1)O)O)O)O)O
Analytical monitoring:
not required
Details on sampling:
Not applicable
Vehicle:
not specified
Details on test solutions:
Not applicable
Test organisms (species):
other: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Desmodesmus subspicatus, Scenedesmus quadricauda
Details on test organisms:
Not applicable
Test type:
not specified
Water media type:
not specified
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
72 d
Remarks on exposure duration:
Not applicable
Post exposure observation period:
Not applicable
Hardness:
Not applicable
Test temperature:
Not applicable
pH:
Not applicable
Dissolved oxygen:
Not applicable
Salinity:
Not applicable
Conductivity:
Not applicable
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Not applicable
Details on test conditions:
Not applicable
Reference substance (positive control):
not required
Key result
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
ca. 358 g/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Remarks on result:
other: QSAR predicted value
Results with reference substance (positive control):
Not applicable
Reported statistics and error estimates:
95% confidence limits (g test item.L-1) : 314 - 408
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Executive summary:

The toxicity to algae of glucose is : 358 g/L

Based on a constituent approach, the toxicity to algae of EXTRACT OF ALLIUM CEPA (AMARYLLIDACEAE) BULB AND CITRUS LIMON (RUTACEAE) PULP AND SODIUM CHLORIDE is considered as greater than 88 mg/L.

Endpoint:
toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Type of information:
(Q)SAR
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
07/03/2018-08/03/2018
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model, but not (completely) falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: REACH Guidance on QSARs R.6 (following OCDE 201, EU C.3)
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Constituent citric acid Smile : C(C(=O)O)C(CC(=O)O)(C(=O)O)O
Analytical monitoring:
not required
Details on sampling:
Not applicable
Vehicle:
not specified
Details on test solutions:
Not applicable
Test organisms (species):
other: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Desmodesmus subspicatus, Scenedesmus quadricauda
Details on test organisms:
Not applicable
Test type:
not specified
Water media type:
not specified
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
72 d
Remarks on exposure duration:
Not applicable
Post exposure observation period:
Not applicable
Hardness:
Not applicable
Test temperature:
Not applicable
pH:
Not applicable
Dissolved oxygen:
Not applicable
Salinity:
Not applicable
Conductivity:
Not applicable
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Not applicable
Details on test conditions:
Not applicable
Reference substance (positive control):
not required
Key result
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
ca. 0.088 g/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Remarks on result:
other: QSAR predicted value
Results with reference substance (positive control):
Not applicable
Reported statistics and error estimates:
95% confidence limits (g test item.L-1) : 0.052 – 0.149
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Executive summary:

The toxicity to algae of citric acid is : 0.088 g/L

Based on a constituent approach, the toxicity to algae of EXTRACT OF ALLIUM CEPA (AMARYLLIDACEAE) BULB AND CITRUS LIMON (RUTACEAE) PULP AND SODIUM CHLORIDE is considered as greater than 88 mg/L.

Endpoint:
toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Type of information:
(Q)SAR
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
07/03/2018-08/03/2018
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model, but not (completely) falling into its applicability domain, with adequate and reliable documentation / justification
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: REACH Guidance on QSARs R.6 (following OCDE 201, EU C.3)
GLP compliance:
no
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Constituent sucrose Smile : C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O1)O[C@]2([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O2)CO)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O
Analytical monitoring:
not required
Details on sampling:
Not applicable
Vehicle:
not specified
Details on test solutions:
Not applicable
Test organisms (species):
other: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Desmodesmus subspicatus, Scenedesmus quadricauda
Details on test organisms:
Not applicable
Test type:
not specified
Water media type:
not specified
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
72 d
Remarks on exposure duration:
Not applicable
Post exposure observation period:
Not applicable
Hardness:
Not applicable
Test temperature:
Not applicable
pH:
Not applicable
Dissolved oxygen:
Not applicable
Salinity:
Not applicable
Conductivity:
Not applicable
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Not applicable
Details on test conditions:
Not applicable
Reference substance (positive control):
not required
Key result
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
ca. 269 g/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Remarks on result:
other: QSAR predicted value
Results with reference substance (positive control):
Not applicable
Reported statistics and error estimates:
95% confidence limits (g test item.L-1) : 236 – 307
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Executive summary:

The toxicity to algae of sucrose is : 269 g/L

Based on a constituent approach, the toxicity to algae of EXTRACT OF ALLIUM CEPA (AMARYLLIDACEAE) BULB AND CITRUS LIMON (RUTACEAE) PULP AND SODIUM CHLORIDE is considered as greater than 88 mg/L.

Endpoint:
toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
1996
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: ASTM 1988
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Results from : Buckley JA et al; Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 57 (6): 1003-1008 (1996) Available from, as of November 21, 2006:http://cfpub.epa.gov/ecotox/quick_query.htm
GLP compliance:
not specified
Specific details on test material used for the study:
Constituent glucose sodium chloride : [Na+].[Cl-]
Analytical monitoring:
not required
Vehicle:
yes
Details on test solutions:
Hoagland’s medium (ASTM 1988) modified by the omission of sucrose, yeast extract and bactotryptone, adjusted to pH 5.0 and incubated at 24 ± l°C with a 24 hr light period of 3100 to 3700 Lux.
Test organisms (species):
other: Lemna minor
Test type:
static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
7 d
pH:
7
Nominal and measured concentrations:
The concentrations used were 0 (control), 2.59, 4.32, 7.2 and 12.0 g/L
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Key result
Duration:
72 h
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
ca. 4.88 g/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
growth rate
Results with reference substance (positive control):
Not applicable
Reported statistics and error estimates:
95% confidence limits (g test item.L-1) : 3.95 – 6.02
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Executive summary:

The toxicity to algae of sodium chloride is : 4.88g/L

Based on a constituent approach, the toxicity to algae of EXTRACT OF ALLIUM CEPA (AMARYLLIDACEAE) BULB AND CITRUS LIMON (RUTACEAE) PULP AND SODIUM CHLORIDE is considered as greater than 88 mg/L.

Description of key information

The growth inhibition of algae was determined using validated QSAR models for the Mechanisms of Action (MechoA) associated to the constituents, i.e. MechoA 1.1: baseline toxicity (non-polar narcosis) and MechoA 5.2: carboxylic acids. The QSAR model is based on validated data derived from 72-hour ErC50 test on algae, for which the concentrations of the test item had been determined by chemical analyses over the test period.

Based on a constituent approach, the toxicity to algae of EXTRACT OF ALLIUM CEPA (AMARYLLIDACEAE) BULB AND CITRUS LIMON (RUTACEAE) PULP AND SODIUM CHLORIDE is considered as greater than 88 mg/L (which is the lowest EC50 among the constituants of this extract).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for freshwater algae:
88 mg/L

Additional information