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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Eye irritation

Currently viewing:

Administrative data

Endpoint:
eye irritation: in vivo
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
3 (not reliable)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: The documentation of the study is insufficient to assess the quality. The results are considered to be not reliable.

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
1976

Materials and methods

Principles of method if other than guideline:
according to Draize's test and interpretation according to Kay and Calandra
GLP compliance:
no

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Chloroform
EC Number:
200-663-8
EC Name:
Chloroform
Cas Number:
67-66-3
Molecular formula:
CHCl3
IUPAC Name:
chloroform
Test material form:
not specified
Details on test material:
99.3 % chloroform, 0.4 % ethyl alcohol, 0.3 % unknown

Test animals / tissue source

Species:
rabbit
Strain:
New Zealand White
Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
female animals weighing between 2.4 and 3.0 kg

Test system

Vehicle:
unchanged (no vehicle)
Controls:
no
Amount / concentration applied:
no data
Duration of treatment / exposure:
no data
Observation period (in vivo):
at least two to three weeks
Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
six

Results and discussion

In vivo

Resultsopen allclose all
Irritation parameter:
overall irritation score
Basis:
mean
Time point:
other: no data
Score:
41
Reversibility:
not fully reversible within: 3 weeks
Remarks on result:
other: One rabbit had ocular lesions after 3 weeks
Irritation parameter:
cornea opacity score
Time point:
24/48/72 h
Remarks on result:
not determinable
Irritation parameter:
iris score
Time point:
24/48/72 h
Remarks on result:
not determinable
Irritation parameter:
conjunctivae score
Time point:
24/48/72 h
Remarks on result:
not determinable
Irritation parameter:
chemosis score
Time point:
24/48/72 h
Remarks on result:
not determinable
Irritant / corrosive response data:
severe irritation and lesions of the conjunctivae with occurrence of purulent corneal discharge; mydriasis; developing, aggravating keratitis with apparition of translucent zones in the cornea in 4/6 rabbits, with pannus noted in two animals and hypopyon noted in one animal; recovery from these ocular effects took 2 to 3 weeks for most animals, except for one animal which still had corneal opacity after 3 weeks

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:
Category 2 (irritating to eyes) based on GHS criteria
Conclusions:
Chloroform is irritating to the eyes.
Executive summary:

An eye irritation test with chloroform was performed according to Draize's method with six female New Zealand rabbits. Instillation of pure, liquid chloroform led to severe irritation and lesions of the conjunctivae with occurrence of purulent corneal discharge. Other effects included corneal inflammation. Recovery from these ocular effects took 2 to 3 weeks for most animals, except for one animal which still had corneal opacity after 3 weeks. According to the scoring system of Kay and Calandra, chloroform was considered to be highly irritating to the rabbit's eye.