Sodium zirconium lactate

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

96 hours

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)

Details on test organisms:

Young hatchery-purchased fry (6.2 + 0.7 cm; 1.7 + 0.7 g), acclimated for at least 3 weeks to the treated city water

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

Tests were carried out using activated charcoal and ultraviolet light-treated Longueuil-city water, whose hardness generally stands between 100 to 150 mg L -I in CaCO 3 equivalents.

Test temperature:

15 +/- 0.1 deg C

pH:

pH (value not reported) was monitored periodically throughout the experiment.

Dissolved oxygen:

Aeration (7.5 cm 3 L -I min -1) of each test vessel. Dissolved oxygen (value not reported) was monitored periodically throughout the experiment.

Nominal and measured concentrations:

0 (control), 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/L Zr.

Details on test conditions:

Exposure vessels consisted of 60 L Rubbermaid containers lined with a polyethylene bag into which was placed a black-meshed Vexar (Dupont) cylinder (with lid) espousing the contour of the assay container.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 20 mg/L

Conc. based on:

element

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 54 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

other: Registered substance

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

100% mortality within 2 hr at 100 mg/L Zr (pH-3.0), but identical effect for dilution water adjusted to pH=3.0. In the 96-hr LCs0 bioassay with rainbow trout, low pH was entirely responsible
for toxicity at 100 mg/L Zr. At 10 mg L I Zr (pH = 6.7), the next highest test concentration used in the assay, no lethal effects were observed. The LC50 was therefore initially identified as being > 10 mg L -1 Zr. However, in a subsequent sublethal bioassay carried out at 0, 1, 5 and 20 mg/L Zr, no mortality was noted at the highest concentration tested. Hence, a 96-hr LC50 > 20 mg L -1 was finally reported.

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

The reported toxicity of zirconium 4+ ion was used to calculate the toxicity of the registered substance based on a 37% Zr w/w content

Conclusions:

The LC50 (96 hr) in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) was reported to be >20 mg/L Zr, calculated to be 54 mg/l for the registered substance.

Executive summary:

The LC50 (96 hr) in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) was reported to be >20 mg/L Zr. Although mortality was 100% at a higher dose of 100 mg/L Zr, this was attributed entirely to the effects of pH.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

96 hours, performed 1994

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Justification for type of information:

Study performed in 1994 according to US guidelines at the time. Methods well reoprted.
No supporting analysis, but the substance is known to be well-soluble in water and is stable (although ions will dissociated under normal conditions).

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Version / remarks:

Static method

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Although a commercial grade solution was used with ca 25% actives, the does levels were sufficiently high to exceed the expected 100 mg/l in the guidelines.

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Pimephales promelas

Details on test organisms:

Fathead Minnow

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

pH:

6.7 (at top dose) to 7.8 (control)

Dissolved oxygen:

8.4 - 8.6 mg/l

Details on test conditions:

Nominal 0, 0.5, 1.0, 50, 500, 5000 mg/l
Equivalent to 0, 0.125, 0.25, 12.5, 125, 1250 mg/l actives

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC0

Effect conc.:

> 1 250 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

No adverse effects reported

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

There was no evidence of toxicity at the highest tested concentration of 1250 mg/l actives

Description of key information

Sodium zirconium lactate has been tested using screening methods and show to have low toxicity to fish with an LC50 > 1000 mg/l

The LC50 (96 hr) in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) was reported to be >20 mg/L Zr. Although mortality was 100% at a higher dose of 100 mg/L Zr, this was attributed entirely to the effects of pH.

The Zr4+ content of the anhydrous registered substance is ca 17%; using an assumed LC50 of 20 mg/l Zr 4 +, the product LC50 is estimated > 100 mg/l

Sodium and lactate (as lactic acid) are not considered hazardous to fish at concentrations leading to classification

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

1 000 mg/L