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EC number: 820-225-5 | CAS number: 101747-77-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Type of information:
- read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Justification for type of information:
- REPORTING FORMAT FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH
Please refer also to the read-across statement attached in section 13
1. HYPOTHESIS FOR THE CATEGORY APPROACH (ENDPOINT LEVEL)
The target and the source substances are structurally similar substances that share the common organometallic core structure consisting of a central zinc metal bonded to four alkyldithiophosphate esters (ligands) by coordinate covalent bonds -Zn[(S2P(OR)2]2. Structural variations between the target and the source substances are related only to the alkyl (R) groups of the alkyldithiophosphate ligands. The substances in this category give thus rise to an (identical) common compound Phosphorodithioic acid moiety that can be released by the breakage of ester bonds and dissociation from the Zinc complex to which the organism would be exposed if the target substance was tested in the toxicity studies. Exposure to the parent compounds (non-transformed constituents) and to the counter alkyl alcohols, possibly released by hydrolysis of P-O bonds – non-common compounds – would not influence the prediction of the (eco)toxicological properties because they are considered to have the same biological targets and to cause the same type of effects through a common underlying mechanism due to the same functional groups (zinc cation, phosphorodithioic cation and aliphatic alcohol anionic moieties). The impurities of the target and the source substances are not expected to impact the prediction because they are identical or, if slightly structural different, belong to the same class of compounds with the same functional groups and their percentages are very low.
2. CATEGORY APPROACH JUSTIFICATION (ENDPOINT LEVEL)
Several ZDDP category members were tested in in vitro bacterial and mammalian gene mutation and in in vivo chromosomal aberration assays (HPV, 2005). Frequencies of reverse mutations in bacteria were not significantly changed after exposure to the zinc dialkyldithiophosphates. All tested substances were negative for mutagenic activity, with and without metabolic activation. In vitro mutation studies in mammalian cells indicate that the zinc dialkyldithiophosphates do not consistently display mutagenic activity in the absence of metabolic activation, however, upon biotransformation, these materials showed mutagenic activity. All test substances were negative for clastogenicity in in vivo assays (HPV, 2005). Positive results in some tests were considered to be governed by zinc, because other organic zinc compounds were mutagenic in similar test systems (HPV, 2005). “However, genotoxicity studies conducted in a variety of test systems have failed to provide unequivocal evidence for mutagenicity of zinc” (ATSDR, 1992, cited in HPV, 2005). “In summary, the weight of evidence supports the conclusion that zinc dialkyldithiophosphates have a low potential genotoxicity, and that these substances do not present a significant risk for mutagenicity or carcinogenicity in humans”.
The overall weight-of-evidence indicates thus that ZDDP category members are non-mutagenic (HPV, 2005). The two source chemicals were also non-mutagenic in the bacterial mutagenicity tests. Since the main constituents of the target substance are structurally similar to the constituents of the source substances with the same functional groups and the alkyl chain lengths of phosphoroditioate moieties are in the range of the established ZDDP category (C3-C12), the same mode of toxicological action is expected for the target and the source substances. The constituents of the target substance do not possess functional groups associated with other mode of actions or toxicity effects. Toxicokinetic behavior of the constituents of the target substance is expected to be essentially the same as that of the source substance. Based on the results of the mutagenicity studies with the source substances and other ZDDP category members it is evident that the structural dissimilarities – the alkyl rests with different chain lengths – did not result in different mutagenic activity. “The findings in bacterial and mammalian cells did not vary in proportion to the alkyl chain length or any other physicochemical parameter” (HPV, 2005). Thus, it is not likely that the presence of structurally dissimilar alerts i.e. alkyl chain rests of the target substance would result in binding to DNA leading to mutations. Therefore, a positive result in bacterial test system is not likely for the target substance. The impurities of the target substance are considered not to contribute to mutagenicity potential because they are also structurally similar to the impurities of the source substances and consist of substances of simple structure without specific mode of action and do not contain functional groups leading to DNA binding and subsequently to mutations. Therefore, it is predicted that the target substance would not possess mutagenic activity if it was tested in a bacterial mutagenicity test.
Data source
Materials and methods
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Zinc, O,O-mixed (iso-Bu), (iso-Pr), (pentyl) phosphorodithioate
- EC Number:
- 820-225-5
- Cas Number:
- 101747-77-7
- Molecular formula:
- C12-20H28-44O4P2S4Zn
- IUPAC Name:
- Zinc, O,O-mixed (iso-Bu), (iso-Pr), (pentyl) phosphorodithioate
- Test material form:
- liquid
1
Results and discussion
Test resultsopen allclose all
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not specified
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- negative with metabolic activation
negative without metabolic activation - Executive summary:
The substance was tested in S. typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100 similar to OECD Guideline 471 with and without metabolic activation. The substance was negative in all strains tested with and without metabolic activation.
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