Disodium β-glycerophosphate

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

20 July - 3 August 2017

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2017

Report date:

2018

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Test guideline 1

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)

Version / remarks:

23 March 2006, Annex 5 corrected 28 July 2011

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

The temperature was maintained within 20.6-23.5°C and not as required within 21 to 24°C, maintained at ±2°C.

Test guideline 2

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method C.3 (Algal Inhibition test)

Version / remarks:

20 May 2008, amended 7 December 2015, for the purpose of its adaptation to technical progress, by Commission Regulation (EU) 2016/266

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

The temperature was maintained within 20.6-23.5°C and not as required within 21 to 24°C, maintained at ±2°C.

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Disodium β-glycerophosphate

EC Number:

212-464-3

EC Name:

Disodium β-glycerophosphate

Cas Number:

819-83-0

Molecular formula:

C3H7O6P.2Na

IUPAC Name:

disodium β-glycerophosphate

impurity 1

Reference substance name:

Disodium α-glycerophosphate

EC Number:

216-304-3

EC Name:

Disodium α-glycerophosphate

Cas Number:

1555-56-2

Molecular formula:

C3H9O6P.2Na

IUPAC Name:

disodium 2,3-dihydroxypropyl phosphate

impurity 2

Reference substance name:

Water

EC Number:

231-791-2

EC Name:

Water

Cas Number:

7732-18-5

Molecular formula:

H2O

IUPAC Name:

Oxidane

Test material form:

solid: particulate/powder

Details on test material:

Batch No.: 11769400
Storage: 15-25°C

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
The following test flasks were set up:
- Test solution (Tn); containing test medium, test item and algae (six replicates)
- Blank control (Bn); containing test medium and algae (six replicates)
- Since the test item is soluble, the test solution was prepared by dissolving the test item in sterile-filtered Algal medium (pH adjusted at 8.0 ± 0.2) in sterile glassware. 100 ml of this stock solution was added to the sterile test flasks and inoculated with an exponentially growing preculture of algae.
Samples for the determination of the test concentrations were taken from the remaining test solution. For the incubation, the test flasks were then placed on an orbital shaker at a nominal shaking speed of about Since the test item is soluble, the test solution was prepared by dissolving the test item in sterile-filtered Algal medium (pH adjusted at 8.0 ± 0.2).

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Test organism: Axenic slope culture of Desmodesmus subspicatus 86.81SAG (Collection of Algal Cultures, Institute of Freshwater Ecology, University of Göttingen, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany
- Culture: 250 ml flask containing 100 ml of sterile OECD medium inoculated with cell material from an axenic slope culture
- Illumination: Continuous (2000–3000 lux) from Osram Fluora L18W77 and Osram Daywhite L18W840 (Osram AG, Winterthur, Switzerland)
- Temperature: 21 to 24°C, maintained at ± 2°C in a thermo-controlled room
- Control of sensitivity: twice per year, with potassium dichromate

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Test conditions

Hardness:

not reported

Test temperature:

Min: 20.6; Max: 23.5; Mean: 21.9

pH:

7.9 - 8.3

Dissolved oxygen:

not reported

Salinity:

not reported

Conductivity:

not reported

Nominal and measured concentrations:

The concentration of Disodium ß-glycerophosphate in the test medium was measured by phosphorus-analytics at the beginning and at the end of the test. These analyses revealed that the test concentration was correctly dosed. Conclusions about its stability cannot however be drawn, since this quantification method is not substance-specific. The net measured phosphorus concentration at the beginning of the test was 14.2 mg/l and 14.3 mg/l at the end of the test. Considering a P content of 13.82%, this corresponds to 103 mg/l and 103 mg/l of the test item, respectively.
Therefore, the effective concentrations ErCx/EyCx were assessed based on the nominal concentration.

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 250 ml flasks, all-glass, with 100 ml of test medium, shaken (130 rpm)
- Test medium: Recommended OECD medium
- Preculture: Exponentially growing culture of Desmodesmus subspicatus
- Illumination: Source: continuous from Osram Fluora L 18W77 and Osram Daywhite L 18W840 (Osram AG, Winterthur, Switzerland)
- Light intensity: the light intensity amounts to about 3000 lux which corresponds to about 40 µE•m-2•s-2
- Homogeneity: the light intensity is maintained within ±15% from the average light intensity over the incubation area. The test vessels are repositioned every day within the incubation area to minimize variation.
- Temperature: 21 to 24°C, maintained at ± 2°C in a thermo-controlled room
- pH: Initially adjusted to 8 ± 0.2; the pH of the control medium should not increase by more than 1.5 units during the test
- Test type: Static exposure conditions over a period of 72 h
- Starting cell density: 0.5–0.85 µg/ml with respect to dry weight corresponding to about 2–5•103 cells/ml (i.e. OD680 of about 0.005 units)

RANGE FINDING STUDY
Prior to the definitive test a non-GLP range finding test with nominal concentrations of 0.1, 1 and 100 mg/l of Disodium ß-glycerophosphate was performed. Usually the range finding test is performed at 1, 10 and 100 mg/l. This deviation, due to a dilution mistake, has no influence here, since no effects were observed up to 100 mg/l.
The results indicated that the test item is well soluble and that the test solutions can be prepared by respective dilutions of a stock solution. The P determinations indicate that the test item concentrations were correctly dosed. Conclusions about their stability cannot however be drawn, since this quantification method is not substance specific. Since no significant effects were observed in the non-GLP range-finding test, the definitive test was performed as a limit-test at 100 mg/l.

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
- Cell density: Cell concentrations were determined every 24 h using a spectrophotometer at 680nm wavelength (Shimadzu UV 1800, Shimadzu Schweiz GmbH, Römerstr. 3, CH-4153 Reinach). Aliquots of 5 ml were removed from each test flask under sterile conditions. Cell concentrations at time 0 h correspond to the nominal concentration of the preculture.


DEVIATIONS FROM GUIDELINES
The temperature was maintained within 20.6-23.5°C and not as required within 21 to 24°C, maintained at ±2°C. This minor deviation was assumed to have no impact since all validity criteria were fulfilled.

Reference substance (positive control):

not required

Remarks:

Control of sensitivity: None – the culture is re-purchased annually

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Effect concentrations 2

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Effect concentrations 3

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Effect concentrations 4

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

biomass

Details on results:

- Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: yes (growth rate and yield)
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no

With respect to the endpoint growth rate, no significant effects were observed at 100 mg/l nominal concentration compared to the blank controls.
Therefore, the 72h ErC50 value of Disodium ß-glycerophosphate (CAS no. 819-83-0) on the green alga Desmodesmus subspicatus was estimated to be >100 mg/l nominal concentration.
The NOErC value was 100 mg/l nominal concentration (according to Student t-test).

With respect to the endpoint yield (algal biomass), no significant effects were observed at 100 mg/l nominal concentration compared to the blank controls.
Therefore, the 72h EyC50 value of Disodium ß-glycerophosphate (CAS no. 819-83-0) on the green alga Desmodesmus subspicatus was estimated to be >100 mg/l nominal concentration.
The NOEyC value was 100 mg/l nominal concentration (according to Student t-test).

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Statistical analysis was performed with respect to the no observed effect concentrations. The statistical analysis was conducted with the software ToxRat® Standard Version 3.2.1.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

In the control cultures: average specific growth rate of 1.24 (>0.92)/coefficient of variation of average specific growth rates: 1.9% (<=7%)/ mean coefficient of variation for section-by-section specific growth rates 33.1% (<=35%).

Conclusions:

The acute toxicity of Disodium ß-glycerophosphate (CAS no. 819-83-0) to Desmodesmus subspicatus was determined in a 72 hour static test according to OECD guideline 201. The median effect concentration with respect to growth rate (ErC50/0–3 days) of Disodium ß-glycerophosphate to Desmodesmus subspicatus was estimated to be >100 mg/l. The no observed effect concentration (NOErC) with respect to growth rate was determined to be 100 mg/l. The results of the test can be considered reliable without restriction.

Executive summary:

The growth inhibitory effects of Disodium ß-glycerophosphate (CAS no. 819-83-0) to the green alga Desmodesmus subspicatus were investigated according to test guideline OECD 201 over a period of 72 h.

The test item Disodium ß-glycerophosphate is solid, 95.5% pure and has a high solubility (>=368 g/l at pH 10 and at 22 °C). Consequently, the test solution was prepared by dissolving the test item in sterile-filtered Algal medium.

The only nominal concentration tested was 100 mg/l.

Six parallel test vessels were used for the test item and six for the blank controls.

The concentration of Disodium ß-glycerophosphate in the test medium was measured by phosphorus-analytics (taking into account a P content of 13.82%) at the beginning and at the end of the test. These analyses revealed that the test concentration was correctly dosed. Conclusions about its stability cannot however be drawn, since this quantification method is not substancespecific.

The effective concentrations ErCx/EyCx were assessed based on the nominal concentration.

With respect to the endpoint growth rate, no significant effects were observed at 100 mg/l nominal concentration compared to the blank controls.

With respect to the endpoint yield (algal biomass), no significant effects were observed at 100 mg/l nominal concentration compared to the blank controls.

Therefore, the 72h ErC50 and EyC50 values of Disodium ß-glycerophosphate (CAS no. 819-83-0) on the green alga Desmodesmus subspicatus were estimated to be >100 mg/l nominal concentration.

The NOErC and NOEyC values were both 100 mg/l nominal concentration (according to Student ttest).

All validity criteria were fulfilled.