Resinoid of Abies balsamea (Pinaceae) obtained from needles by an organic solvent extraction

Eye irritation

Administrative data

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

December 05 to 08, 2014

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Remarks:

GLP study conducted according to OECD test Guideline No. 437 without any deviation.

Cross-reference

Cross-reference 1

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Cross-reference 2

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2015

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 437 (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying Ocular Corrosives and Severe Irritants)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

Repeated run with fresh batch corneas to replace negative control parameters. Study purpose and integrity not affected by this deviation

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Remarks:

UK GLP Compliance Program (inspected on March 12 to 14, 2014 / Signed on May 12, 2014)

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Resinoid of Abies balsamea (Pinaceae) obtained from needles by an organic solvent extraction

EC Number:

947-304-8

Molecular formula:

not applicable for UVCB

IUPAC Name:

Resinoid of Abies balsamea (Pinaceae) obtained from needles by an organic solvent extraction

Test material form:

other: resin

Details on test material:

- Physical state: black/dark green resin
- Storage condition of test material: Room temperature in the dark

Test animals / tissue source

Species:

cattle

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
Eyes from adult cattle (typically 12 to 60 months old) were obtained from a local abattoir as a by-product from freshly slaughtered animals. The eyes were excised by an abattoir employee after slaughter, and were placed in Hanks’ Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) supplemented with antibiotics (penicillin at 100 IU/mL and streptomycin at 100 µg/mL). They were transported to the test facility over ice packs on the same day of slaughter. The corneas were prepared immediately on arrival.

Test system

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

yes, concurrent positive control

yes, concurrent negative control

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Test Item : For the purpose of this study the test item was used as supplied.
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.75 mL was applied on each cornea

Duration of treatment / exposure:

The undiluted test item was applied for 10 minutes

Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):

The holders were incubated, anterior chamber facing forward, at 32 ± 1 ºC for 120 minutes.

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

Total: 9 corneas - 3 corneas/group for test item, negative and positive controls

Details on study design:

Details of test procedure:
- Treatment of corneas: Corneas obtained from freshly slaughtered adult cattle (from a local abattoir) were mounted in corneal holders. Both chambers of each BCOP holder were filled with complete Eagle’s minimum essential medium (MEM) and incubated for 60 minutes at 32 ± 1 °C. Before the treatment, opacity measurement was performed using an opacitometer. MEM was removed from anterior chamber and the test item (0.75 mL) was applied on each cornea. The holders were incubated, anterior chamber uppermost, at 32 ± 1 °C for 10 minutes. At the end of the exposure period the test item and control items were removed from the anterior chamber and the cornea was rinsed three times with fresh complete MEM containing phenol red before a final rinse with complete MEM without phenol red. The anterior chamber was refilled with fresh complete MEM without phenol red. A post-treatment opacity reading was taken and each cornea was visually observed. The holders were incubated, anterior chamber facing forward, at 32 ± 1 ºC for 120 minutes. After incubation the holders were removed from the incubator and a final opacity reading was taken. Each cornea was visually observed.
- Application of sodium fluorescein: Following the opacity measurement the permeability of the corneas to sodium fluorescein was evaluated. The medium from the anterior chamber was removed and replaced with 1 mL of sodium fluorescein solution (4 mg/mL). The dosing holes were plugged and the holders incubated, anterior chamber uppermost, at 32 ± 1 °C for 90 minutes.
- Permeability determinations: After incubation the medium in the posterior chamber of each holder was decanted and retained. 360 µL of medium representing each cornea was applied to a designated well on a 96-well plate and the optical density at 492 nm (OD492) was measured using the Anthos 2001 microplate reader.

Results and discussion

In vitro

Results

Irritation parameter:

in vitro irritation score

Value:

0.1

Vehicle controls validity:

not applicable

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Other effects / acceptance of results:

- In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS) for test item, negative and positive controls were 0.1, 0.5 and 39.3, respectively.
- Corneal Epithelium Condition: The corneas treated with the test item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the negative control item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the positive control item were cloudy post treatment and post incubation.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Criteria for an Acceptable Test

The positive control In Vitro Irritancy Score was within the range of 27.8 – 51.0. The positive control acceptance criterion was therefore satisfied.

 

The negative control gave opacity of ≤4.7 and permeability ≤0.080. The negative control acceptance criteria were therefore satisfied.

Table1     Individual and Mean Corneal Opacity and Permeability Measurements

Treatment	Cornea Number		Opacity				Permeability (OD)		In VitroIrritancy Score
		Pre-Treatment	Post-Treatment	Post Incubation	Post-Incubation - Pre‑Treatment	Corrected Value		Corrected Value
Negative Control	1	3	2	2	0		0.042
	18	3	2	2	0		0.029
	19	3	1	1	0		0.025
					0.0*		0.032¨		0.5
Positive Control	3	2	22	26	24	24.0	0.894	0.862
	9	1	25	27	26	26.0	0.926	0.894
	16	0	22	26	26	26.0	1.070	1.038
						25.3·		0.931·	39.3
Test Item	17	1	1	1	0	0.0	0.035	0.003
	20	3	1	1	-2	0.0	0.038	0.006
	22	3	1	1	-2	0.0	0.034	0.002
						0.0·		0.004·	0.1

OD= Optical density         * = Mean of the post-incubation -pre‑treatment values        ¨= Mean permeability                           ·= Mean corrected value

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Interpretation of results:

GHS criteria not met

Conclusions:

Under the test conditions, test item is not classified as eye irritant according to the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008

Executive summary:

In an in vitro eye irritation study performed according to the OECD Guideline 437 and in compliance with GLP, 0.75 mL of undiluted test item was applied to isolated bovine corneas for 10 minutes followed by an incubation period of 120 minutes. Three corneas were used for each treated series (undiluted test item; negative control; positive control: ethanol). Before the treatment, a first opacity measurement was performed using an opacitometer. The two endpoints, decreased light transmission through the cornea (opacity) and increased passage of sodium fluorescein dye through the cornea (permeability) were combined in an empirically derived formula to generate an In Vitro Irritancy Score (IVIS).

The test item, negative and positive control induced an IVIS of 0.1, 0.5 and 39.3, respectively. The corneas treated with the test item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the negative control item were clear post treatment and post incubation. The corneas treated with the positive control item were cloudy post treatment and post incubation.

 

The positive control In Vitro Irritancy Score was within the range of 27.8 to 51.0, therefore the acceptance criterion was satisfied. The negative control gave opacity of ≤4.7 and permeability ≤0.080, therefore the acceptance criterion was satisfied.

 

Under the test conditions, test item is not classified as eye irritant according to the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008