(1S-endo)-1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Short-term toxicity to fish. Key study: The LC50 of test item in Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas) at 96 h exposure period was determined to be between 59-67.8 mg/L.

Short-term toxicity to invertebrates. Key study: Read-across approach. Test method EU method C2, OECD 202. GLP study. Based on the read-across approach, the 48h-EC50 of L-borneol was determined to be 11.67 mg/L in Daphnia magna in a static closed system.

Short-term toxicity to algae. Key study. Read-across approach. Test method EU Method C3, OECD 201. GLP study. Based on the read-across approach, the 72h-EC50 of L-borneol was determined to be 9.19 mg/L in algae (based on measured concentration and growth rate) in a closed static system. The 72h-NOEC was 2.63 mg/L.

Toxicity to microorganisms. Key study. Read-across approach. Test method according to OECD 301F, GLP study. Based on the experimental results on analogue substance isoborneol, the read-across approach was applied and 28 day-NOEC for L-borneol was determned to be 100 mg/L.

Additional information

Short-term toxicity to fish. Key study: Two acute toxicity tests in Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas) were performed as described in the handbook "Acute Toxicities of Organic Chemicals to Fathead Minnows (Pimephales promelas)". 20 fish per group were exposed for each test to the following nominal concentrations over an exposure period of 96 h in a flow-through system: 0 (control), 16.2, 25.0, 38.5, 59.3 and 91.2 mg/L (test 1) and 0 (control), 15.5, 23.9, 36.8, 56.7 and 87.2 mg/L (test 2). The 96h-EC50 was determined to be between 33.5 -47.8 mg/L and the 96h-LC50 was determined to be between 59 -67.8 mg/L.

Short-term toxicity to invertebrates. Key study: Read-across approach. An acute immobilisation test on Daphnia magna was performed on fenchyl acetate in accordance with EU Method C2 and OECD 202. Based on preliminary range-finding test, 20 daphnids (5 per replicate) were exposed to nominal concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 % v/v saturated solution (corresponding measured geometric means 2.15; 4.80; 10.04; 21.01 and 37.26 mg/L) over an exposure period of 48 hours in a closed static system. The 48h-EC50 was determined to be 14.85 mg/L. Based on these results, the read-across approach was applied and the 48h-EC50 of L-borneol in Daphnia magna (based on measured concentration and mobility) was determined to be 11.67 mg/L.

Short-term toxicity to algae. Key study: Read-across approach. The effect of fenchyl acetate was assessed on algal growth using the unicellular green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, over an exposure period of 72 hours in a closed system, according to EU Method C3 and OECD Guideline 201. Based on preliminary range-finding studies, algae were exposed to nominal concentration of 0 (control, 6 replicates), 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 % v/v saturated solution (corresponding measured geometric mean 0, 1.73, 3.37, 6.72, 13.79 and 27.96 mg/L). The 72h-EC50 was determined to be 11.69 mg/L in algae (based on measured concentration and growth rate) in a closed static system. The 72h-NOEC was 3.37 mg/L. Based on these results, the read-across was applied and the 72h-EC50 of L-borneol was determined to be 9.19 mg/L and the 72h-NOEC was 2.63 mg/L.

Toxicity to microorganisms. Key study. Read-across approach. A ready biodegradability manometric respirometry test was perfomed on the analogue substance isoborneol according to OECD Guideline 301F. Under the test conditions, the NOEC (28d) of the analogue was determined to be 100 mg/L since the substance degraded well and did not inhibit the biodegradation in the toxicity test. Based on these results, the read-across approach was applied and 28 day-NOEC for L-borneol was calculated to be 100 mg/L.