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EC number: 200-115-8 | CAS number: 51-67-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Genetic toxicity: in vivo
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vivo mammalian somatic cell study: cytogenicity / erythrocyte micronucleus
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from publication
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Acute cytogenetic effects of tyramine and MTCAs on mouse bone marrow cells in vivo by the micronucleus test
- Author:
- Kimiko Fujie 1, Junko Nishi 1, Mieko Wada 1, Sakan Maeda and Taketoshi Sugiyama
- Year:
- 1 990
- Bibliographic source:
- Mutation Research, 240 (1990) 19-23
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: As mention below
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- To evaluate the mutagenic potential of Tyramine in ICR (Crj : CD-1) mice bone marrow cells in vivo by the micronucleus test.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- other: In vivo micronucleus test.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 4-(2-aminoethyl)phenol
- EC Number:
- 200-115-8
- EC Name:
- 4-(2-aminoethyl)phenol
- Cas Number:
- 51-67-2
- Molecular formula:
- C8H11NO
- IUPAC Name:
- 4-(2-aminoethyl)phenol
- Test material form:
- solid: crystalline
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material : 4-(2-aminoethyl) phenol
- Common name : Tyramine
- Molecular formula : C8H11NO
- Molecular weight : 137.1809 g/mol
- Smiles notation : NCCc1ccc(O)cc1
- InChl : 1S/C8H11NO/c9-6-5-7-1-3-8(10)4-2-7/h1-4,10H,5-6,9H2
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material : 4-(2-aminoethyl) phenol
- Common name : Tyramine
- Molecular formula : C8H11NO
- Molecular weight : 137.1809 g/mol
- Smiles notation : NCCc1ccc(O)cc1
- InChl : 1S/C8H11NO/c9-6-5-7-1-3-8(10)4-2-7/h1-4,10H,5-6,9H2
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- other: (Crj : CD-1)
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- Details on test animals and env conditions
TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Japan Inc., Kanagawa, Japan)
- Age at study initiation:
- Weight at study initiation: 25-40 g
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): They were fed commercial
NMF (Oriental Ferment Co., Tokyo) ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): water ad libitum
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- intraperitoneal
- Vehicle:
- Vehicles
- Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: Ethyl alcohol
- Type and concentration of dispersant aid (if powder): 200µl - Details on exposure:
- Details on exposure
0.5-2.0 mmole tyramine/kg (69-274 mg/kg,
Nakarai Chemical Ltd., Tokyo) was swelled in 200µl ethyl alcohol and then homogenized in 2 ml of physiological saline. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 36 hour
- Frequency of treatment:
- 6,12 ,24hour
- Post exposure period:
- Not specified
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- 0.5,1,1.5and 2.0mmole
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- Each dose group consisted of 5 mice (male : female = 3 : 2 or 2 : 3).
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Positive control(s):
- Positive controls
MMC (mitomycin C)
- Doses / concentrations: 1.0 mg/kg
Examinations
- Tissues and cell types examined:
- mouse bone marrow cells were examined
- Details of tissue and slide preparation:
- Details of tissue and slide preparation
The animals were killed 24 h after an intraperitoneal
injection, the bone marrows extracted, and smear preparations made and stained. Micronucleus specimens were prepared by the method of Schmid (1975). Slides were coded and analyzed. - Evaluation criteria:
- One thousand PCEs per mouse were screened for MNPCEs and at the same time the number of micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes (MNNCEs) were scored in the same field of vision where 1000 PCEs were screened. The number of MNPCEs and MNNCEs were scored by 2 investigators and were averaged. The ratios of PCEs to total erythrocytes were also calculated from about 2000 erythrocytes.
- Statistics:
- The standard tables of Kastenbaum and Bowman
(1970) and the test method of Hayashi et al.
(1985) were both used for calculating significant
differences between the experimental and control
groups.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Sex:
- male/female
- Genotoxicity:
- ambiguous
- Toxicity:
- not specified
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- other: The result was not sufficient to classify the substance
- Additional information on results:
- Additional information on results
Compared to the values for the untreated
control, significant differences were noted for
tyramine above 0.5 mmole/kg (68.5 mg/kg) body weight .Time-dependent increases of MNPCEs after
treatment with 1.0 mmole tyramine/kg (137 mg/kg) were noted. 12 h after tyramine treatment.
The percent of PCEs to total erythrocytes decreased
to a minimum level 12 h after treatment with Tyramine and then returned to the normal level after 24 h .
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Tyramine (51-67-2) was evaluated for its mutagenic potential in ICR (Crj : CD-1) mice bone marrow cells in vivo by the micronucleus test. The test result was considered to be Ambiguous.
- Executive summary:
Genetic toxicity study in vivo was assessed for its possible mutagenic potential. For this purpose micronucleus test was performed in ICR (Crj : CD-1) male and female mice bone marrow cells. The test substance was exposed at the concentration of 0.5,1,1.5and 2.0mmole to each dose group consisted of 5 mice (male : female = 3 : 2 or 2 : 3). The animals were killed 24 h after an intraperitoneal injection, the bone marrows extracted, and smear preparations made and stained. Micronucleus specimens were prepared by the method of Schmid (1975). Slides were coded and analyzed. polychromatic erythrocytes and micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes were observed. Micronuclei were significantly induced but no severe reduction in the ratio of PCEs/NCEs was observed. The test result was considered to be inconclusive as the result isAmbiguous. Hence further testing should be performed as data is insufficient to classify the substance.
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