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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Ecotoxicological information

Ecotoxicological Summary

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Administrative data

Hazard for aquatic organisms

Freshwater

Hazard assessment conclusion:
PNEC aqua (freshwater)
PNEC value:
7.2 µg/L
Assessment factor:
1 000
Extrapolation method:
assessment factor

Marine water

Hazard assessment conclusion:
PNEC aqua (marine water)
PNEC value:
0.72 µg/L
Assessment factor:
10 000
Extrapolation method:
assessment factor

STP

Hazard assessment conclusion:
PNEC STP
PNEC value:
1.55 mg/L
Assessment factor:
10
Extrapolation method:
assessment factor

Sediment (freshwater)

Hazard assessment conclusion:
PNEC sediment (freshwater)
PNEC value:
0.269 mg/kg sediment dw
Extrapolation method:
equilibrium partitioning method

Sediment (marine water)

Hazard assessment conclusion:
PNEC sediment (marine water)
PNEC value:
0.027 mg/kg sediment dw
Extrapolation method:
equilibrium partitioning method

Hazard for air

Air

Hazard assessment conclusion:
no hazard identified

Hazard for terrestrial organisms

Soil

Hazard assessment conclusion:
PNEC soil
PNEC value:
0.049 mg/kg soil dw
Extrapolation method:
equilibrium partitioning method

Hazard for predators

Secondary poisoning

Hazard assessment conclusion:
no potential for bioaccumulation

Additional information

The PNECs aqua were derived from the most sensitive test for the aquatic compartment, the short-term toxicity to algae. For other compartments, the PNECs are based on equilibrium partitioning.

Conclusion on classification

Aquatic toxicity tests for algae, Daphnia and fish are available for Ethyl Maltol. The LC50 value for fish is > 85 mg/l, the EC50 value for Daphnia is 27 mg/l, whereas the ErC50 for algae is 7.2 mg/L. Based on the lowest available acute data for algae with an ErC50 value of 7.2 mg/L, the substance does not need to be classified for acute aquatic toxicity.

As only one chronic value is available (algae), the aquatic chronic classification needs to be derived on both chronic and acute toxicity data and the most stringent outcome needs to be taken into consideration. The only chronic available value is the ErC10 of algae being 1.8 mg/L. Together with the substance being readily degradable this would not lead to classification. Based on acute data the Daphnia study (as being the lowest of the other tropic levels) in combination with the substance being readily biodegradable and the log Kow of 2.9, the substance does not need to be classified for chronic toxicity according to Figure 4.1.1 and Table 4.1.0 of CLP.

Overall, it can be concluded that Ethyl Maltol does not need to be classified for the environment in accordance with the criteria outlined in EU CLP (EC 1272/2008 and its amendments).