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EC number: 214-874-8 | CAS number: 1204-28-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1991-03-26 to 1991-10-09
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across: supporting information
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 1984
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Trimellitic anhydride
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Leuciscus idus melanotus
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- Water hardness: 231 mg CaCO3 (reconstituted water)
- Test temperature:
- Temperature: 22 +/- 1 degrees C.
- pH:
- pH: 7.0 to 7.9
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Dissolved oxygen concentration: 87 to 96% ASV
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 130, 220, 350, 600 and 1000 mg TMA/L
In the definitive test the analytically determined initial concentrations of the test material were between 70% and 129% of nominal. Residual concentrations at test-end were between 36% and 92% of nominal in all three treatments that were analysed, and 91% to 92% of nominal at the maximum concentration which defined the endpoint of the study. - Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect conc.:
- > 957 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- other: trimellitic anhydride equivalents based on measured trimellitic acid concentrations.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 957 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- other: trimellitic anhydride equivalents based on measured trimellitic acid concentrations
- Basis for effect:
- other: mortality and behavioural effects
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Table 1: Definitive test results: Effects of trimellitic anhydride (trimellitic acid/sodium salts) on L. idus melanotus in a 96 -hour, acute toxicity test under static conditions. Percentage mortality and sublethal effects (number showing behavioural abnormalities/number of fish per treatment).
Time (h)
Nominal trimellitic anhydride concentration (mg/L)
0 (salinity control)*
0 (control)
130
220
350
600
1000
0
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
3
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
6
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
24
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
48
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
72
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
96
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
0 (0/10)
* The salinity control consisted of dilution water amended with NaOH solution only.
Table 2: Measured concentrations of trimellitic anhydride during a 96 hour, static acute toxicity test with L. idus melanotus
Exposure Period (h)
Nominal exposure conc.
(mg TMA-equiv/L)
Measured exposure conc.
(mg TMA-equiv/L)*
Percentage of nominal %
#
0
130
163.7
110.2
129
86
0
350
281.2
240.3
82
70
0
1000
1058
977.1
108
100
96
130
45.8
59.0
36
46
96
350
284.5
258.9
83
75
96
1000
891.4
901.0
91
92
* Analysed as trimellitic acid, the hydrolysis product of trimellitic anhydride.
# Adjusted for 98% test substance purity.
In the report, the endpoint is given as >896 mg/L, apparently the mean measured value at the highest concentration, but based on the 96-h data only, i.e. (891.4 + 901.0)/2. This is incorrect; the mean should include the 0-h data as well, i.e. (1058 + 977.1 + 891.4 + 901.0)/4 = 957 mg/L.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The static 96-h LC0 of trimellitic anhydride (converted to trimellitic acid and its sodium salt(s) prior to exposure) to L. idus melanotus was >957 mg/L, based on the mean measured concentration at the maximum treatment applied.
- Executive summary:
Golden orfe (L. idus melanotus) were exposed in a static test system over a period of 96 hours to trimellitic anhydride (TMA) after conversion with NaOH solution to the sodium salt(s) of trimellitic acid. The nominal concentrations to which the test organisms were exposed were 130, 220, 350, 600 and 1000 mg TMA-equiv/L. There were single test vessels per treatment, each containing 10 fish. Exposure concentrations were verified analytically at the start and end of the test in three of the treatments. Concentrations measured as trimellitic acid are reported as trimellitic anhydride equivalents. In the definitive test the analytically determined initial concentrations of the test material were between 70% and 129% of nominal. Residual concentrations at test-end were between 36% and 92% of nominal in all three treatments that were analysed, and 91% to 92% of nominal at the maximum concentration which defined the endpoint of the study.
The LC0 (96 h) of trimellitic anhydride to L. idus melanotus was >957 mg/L, based on the mean measured exposure concentration at the highest treatment. Trimellitic anhydride was converted to the sodium salt(s) of trimellitic acid prior to testing.
Based on the absence of treatment-related mortalities or sub-lethal effects, the NOEC was 957 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- The read across justification is described in the document attached below.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- 4-chloroformylphthalic anhydride
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC0
- Effect conc.:
- > 957 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- other: trimellitic anhydride equivalents based on measured trimellitic acid concentrations.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 957 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (arithm. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- other: trimellitic anhydride equivalents based on measured trimellitic acid concentrations
- Basis for effect:
- other: mortality and behavioural effects
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Conclusions:
- According to the results of the short-term toxicity test on fish performed using the source substance, the static 96h-LC0 of trimellitic anhydride (converted to trimellitic acid and its sodium salt(s) prior to exposure) to L. idus melanotus was >957 mg/L, based on the mean measured concentration at the maximum treatment applied. The same 96h-LC0 can be taken into account for the target substance.
- Executive summary:
A short-term toxicity test on fish is available on the source substance trimellitic anhydride.
Golden orfe (L. idus melanotus) were exposed in a static test system over a period of 96 hours to trimellitic anhydride after conversion with NaOH solution to the sodium salt(s) of trimellitic acid. The nominal concentrations to which the test organisms were exposed were 130, 220, 350, 600 and 1000 mg trimellitic anhydride-equiv/L. There were single test vessels per treatment, each containing 10 fish. Exposure concentrations were verified analytically at the start and end of the test in three of the treatments. Concentrations measured as trimellitic acid are reported as trimellitic anhydride equivalents. In the definitive test the analytically determined initial concentrations of the test material were between 70% and 129% of nominal. Residual concentrations at test-end were between 36% and 92% of nominal in all three treatments that were analysed, and 91% to 92% of nominal at the maximum concentration which defined the endpoint of the study.
The LC0 (96 h) of trimellitic anhydride to L. idus melanotus was >957 mg/L, based on the mean measured exposure concentration at the highest treatment. Trimellitic anhydride was converted to the sodium salt(s) of trimellitic acid prior to testing.
Based on the absence of treatment-related mortalities or sub-lethal effects, the NOEC was 957 mg/L.
Based on the close structural similarity of trimellitic anhydride (source substance) and trimellitic anhydride mono-chloride (target substance), these results can be taken into account for the target substance.
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
Read-across, OECD Guideline 203, GLP, key study, validity 1:
Acute toxicity to fish: LC0 > 957 mg/L; NOEC ≥ 957 mg/L based on measured concentrations of trimellitic acid.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
To assess the short-term toxicity of the registered substance to fish, one reliable study is available on an analogue. This read-across substance is structurally related to the registered substance in that they present a close structural similarity : the study performed being on trimellitic anhydride (source substance), and the registered substance being trimellitic anhydride mono-chloride (target substance).
The available study adresses the short-term toxicity of trimellitic anhydride to freshwater fish. In this study (Knacker et al., 1993) trimellitic anhydride was first treated with aqueous NaOH solution, to convert the acid anhydride to the sodium salt(s) of trimellitic acid, and exposure in this study was consequently to sodium trimellitate (following neutralisation of excess alkali).
Based on hydrolysis rate of Trimellitic anhydride acid chloride (TMAC) and its close structural similarity, rapid hydrolysis is anticipated for trimellitic anhydride (TMA), which is also expected to undergo almost instantaneous conversion to trimellitic acid (TMLA) on contact with aqueous matrices in the environment and in vivo in exposed humans and other organisms.
No toxicity was observed under these conditions: Golden orfe (L. idus melanotus) 96-hour LC0 (static): >957 mg trimellitic acid and trimellitic sodium salts-equiv/L, 96 hour NOEC ≥ 957 mg trimellitic acid and trimellitic sodium salts-equiv/L. These endpoints are mean measured values and represent the highest concentration applied.
Trimellitic anhydride and the more environmentally relevant trimellitic acid (the hydrolysis product of the parent anhydride) exhibit very low short-term toxicity to fish.
No classification is required for the short-term toxicity to fish.
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