5-amino-2-methoxybenzenesulphonic acid

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Biodegradation in water

Biodegradability of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS no. 6470 -17 -3) is predicted using QSAR toolbox version 3.3 (2017) with logKow as the primary descriptor. Test substance undergoes 0.09% degradation by BOD in 28 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, the test chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated to be not readily biodegradable in water.

Biodegradation in water and sediment

Estimation Programs Interface (EPI Suite, 2017) prediction model was run to predict the half-life in water and sediment for the test compound 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470 -17 -3). If released in to the environment, 35% of the chemical will partition into water according to the Mackay fugacity model level III and the half-life period of

5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid in water is estimated to be 37.5 days (900 hrs). The half-life (37.5 days estimated by EPI suite) indicates that the chemical is not persistent in water and the exposure risk to aquatic animals is moderate to low whereas the half-life period of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid in sediment is estimated to be 337.5 days (8100 hrs). However, as the percentage release of test chemical into the sediment is less than 1% (i.e, reported as 0.0835%), indicates that 5 -amino-2 -methoxybenzene-1 -sulfonic acid is not persistent in sediment.

 

Biodegradation in soil

The half-life period of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470 -17 -3) in soil was estimated using Level III Fugacity Model by EPI Suite version 4.1 estimation database (EPI suite, 2017). If released into the environment, 64.9% of the chemical will partition into soil according to the Mackay fugacity model level III. The half-life period of 5 -amino-2 -methoxybenzene-1- sulfonic acid in soil is estimated to be 75 days (1800 hrs). Based on this half-life value of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid, it is concluded that the chemical is not persistent in the soil environment and the exposure risk to soil dwelling animals is moderate to low.

Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

BCFBAF model (v3.01) of Estimation Programs Interface (EPI Suite, 2017) was used to predict the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of test chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470 -17 -3). The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated to be 3.162 L/kg whole body w.w (at 25 deg C) which does not exceed the bio concentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid is not expected to bioaccumulate in the food chain.

Adsorption / desorption

KOCWIN model (v2.00) of Estimation Programs Interface (EPI Suite, 2017) was used to predict the soil adsorption coefficient i.e Koc value of test chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470 -17 -3). The soil adsorption coefficient i.e Koc value of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated to be 10 L/kg (log Koc=1.0)  by means of MCI method (at 25 deg C). This Koc value indicates that the substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid has a negligible sorption to soil and sediment and therefore have rapid migration potential to ground water.

Additional information

Biodegradation in water

Various predicted data for the target compound 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470-17-3) and supporting weight of evidence studies for its read across substance were reviewed for the biodegradation end point which are summarized as below:

 

In a prediction done by SSS (2017) using OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with logKow as the primary descriptor, percentage biodegradability of test chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid(CAS No. 6470-17-3) was estimated.Test substance undergoes 0.09% degradation by BOD in 28 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, the test chemical5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acidwas estimated to be not readily biodegradable in water.

 

In another prediction using the Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2017), the biodegradation potential of the test compound5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid(CAS No. 6470-17-3) in the presence of mixed populations of environmental microorganisms was estimated.The biodegradability of the substance was calculated using seven different models such as Linear Model, Non-Linear Model, Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe, Primary Biodegradation Timeframe, MITI Linear Model, MITI Non-Linear Model and Anaerobic Model (called as Biowin 1-7, respectively) of the BIOWIN v4.10 software. The results indicate that chemical5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acidis expected to be not readily biodegradable.

 

In a supporting weight of evidence study from peer reviewed journal (P. Pitter, 1976) for the read across chemical 5-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid (CAS no. 119-79-9), a batch test in an open system was conducted for 5 days for evaluating the biodegradability of read across 5-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid. Adapted activated sludge was used as a test inoculum obtained from a sewage plant is cultivated in a 1000ml volumetric cylinder. The mixture is aerated with pressure air. Every day 200 ml of the mixture is driven off so that the sludge age is 5 days. After driving off the 200ml of the mixture aeration is interrupted, and after sedimentation ca. 600mlof the liquid phase is driven off. The residue (200 ml of the thickened activated sludge) is diluted with tap water to the volume of ca.800 ml and 600 mg/l of starch or glucose, 600 mg/l of peptone, 25 ml of a phosphate buffer pH 7.2, and the solution of the tested compound are added. Then the mixture in the cylinder is made up to 1000ml with tap water and aerated for 23 h (the recirculation ratio is 0-25). After this period the procedure is repeated. Test chemical conc. used for the study was 200 mg/l based on COD. To 1000-1500ml of the biological medium such amount of the solution of the substance tested is added that the initial COD is 200 mg/l. Then such an amount of the adapted activated sludge, washed and thickened by sedimentation, is dosed to the medium that the concentration of the dry matter is 100 mg/l. Simultaneously, a blank test is prepared. The beaker is placed in a dark room with a roughly 3 constant temperature of 20±3°C on an electromagnetic stirrer and a pH of 7.2 for 120 hrs. The initial value of COD or organic carbon of the liquid phase are determined. Samples. filtered or centrifuged before analysis, are taken at suitable intervals. The decrease of the tested substance in the liquid phase is evaluated by determining COD or organic carbon. The results are compared with those of a blank test and standard compound decomposition. With the degree of degradation also the average specific rate of degradation is determined, expressed in terms of mg COD (or organic carbon) removed by a gramme of dry matter of the activated sludge per hour. The percentage degradation of 5-aminonaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid was determined to be 0% degradation by COD parameter in 5 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, test substance 5 -aminonaphthalene-2 -sulfonic acid was considered to be not readily biodegradable in nature.

 

Another biodegradation study was conducted for 14 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of read across substance 2-amino-5-methylbenzene sulfonic acid (CAS no. 88-44-8) (authoritative database J-CHECK, 2017 and secondary source OECD SIDS, 2003). The study was performed according to OECD Guide-line 301 C "Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I)" under aerobic conditions. Aniline was used as a reference substance for the study. Concentration of inoculum i.e, sludge used was 30 mg/l and initial test substance conc. used in the study was 100 mg/l, respectively. Reference substance undergoes >40% and >60% degradation in 7 and 14 days, respectively. The percentage degradation of substance was determined to be 0 and <0% degradation by BOD, O2 consumption, TOC removal, Test mat. analysis and UV-Vis parameter in 14 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, 2 -amino-5 -methylbenzene sulfonic acid is considered to be not readily biodegradable in nature.

 

For the read across chemical 2-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS no. 81-16-3) from authoritative database (J-CHECK, 2017 and EnviChem, 2014), biodegradation experiment was conducted for 14 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of read across substance 2 -aminonaphthalene-1 -sulfonic acid. The study was performed according to OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I)). Concentration of inoculum i.e, sludge used was 30 mg/l and initial test substance conc. used in the study was 100 mg/l, respectively. The percentage degradation of substance 2 -aminonaphthalene-1 -sulfonic acid was determined to be 3.8, 0.7, 0 and 5.8% by BOD, TOC removal, UV-VIs and HPLC parameter in 14 days. Thus, based on percentage degradation, 2 -aminonaphthalene-1 -sulfonic acid is considered to be not readily biodegradable in nature.

 

On the basis of above results for target chemical5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid(from OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 and EPI suite, 2017) and for its read across substance (from authoritative database J-CHECK & EnviChem and peer reviewed journal), it can be concluded that the test substance5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acidcan be expected to be not readily biodegradable in nature.

 

Biodegradation in water and sediment

Estimation Programs Interface (EPI Suite, 2017) prediction model was run to predict the half-life in water and sediment for the test compound 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470 -17 -3). If released in to the environment, 35% of the chemical will partition into water according to the Mackay fugacity model level III and the half-life period of

5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid in water is estimated to be 37.5 days (900 hrs). The half-life (37.5 days estimated by EPI suite) indicates that the chemical is not persistent in water and the exposure risk to aquatic animals is moderate to low whereas the half-life period of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid in sediment is estimated to be 337.5 days (8100 hrs). However, as the percentage release of test chemical into the sediment is less than 1% (i.e, reported as 0.0835%), indicates that 5 -amino-2 -methoxybenzene-1 -sulfonic acid is not persistent in sediment.

 

Biodegradation in soil

The half-life period of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470 -17 -3) in soil was estimated using Level III Fugacity Model by EPI Suite version 4.1 estimation database (EPI suite, 2017). If released into the environment, 64.9% of the chemical will partition into soil according to the Mackay fugacity model level III. The half-life period of 5 -amino-2 -methoxybenzene-1- sulfonic acid in soil is estimated to be 75 days (1800 hrs). Based on this half-life value of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid, it is concluded that the chemical is not persistent in the soil environment and the exposure risk to soil dwelling animals is moderate to low.

On the basis of available information, the test substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid can be considered to be not readily biodegradable in nature.

Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

Various predicted data for the target compound 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470-17-3) and supporting weight of evidence study for its read across substance were reviewed for the bioaccumulation end point which are summarized as below:

 

In aprediction done using theBCFBAF Program(v3.01) of Estimation Programs Interface (EPI Suite, 2017) was used to predict the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of test chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470 -17 -3). The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated to be 3.162 L/kg whole body w.w (at 25 deg C) which does not exceed the bio concentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid is not expected to bioaccumulate in the food chain.

 

In an another prediction done by using Bio-concentration Factor (v12.1.0.50374) moduleACD (Advanced Chemistry Development)/I-Lab predictive module, 2017), theBio-concentration Factor (BCF) over the entire pH scale (pH 1 -14) of the test substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS no. 6470 -17 -3) was estimated to be 1. This value indicates that the test substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was considered to be non-accumulative in aquatic organisms.

 

Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) of test chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated using Chemspider database (ChemSpider, 2017). The bioconcentration factor of test substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated to be 1 at both pH 5.5 and 7.4, respectively, which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid is not expected to bioaccumulate in the food chain.

 

Another predicted data was estimated usingSciFinder database (American Chemical Society (ACS), 2017) was used for predicting the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of test chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470 -17 -3). The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated to be 1 (at 25 deg C) which does not exceed the bio concentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid is not expected to bioaccumulate in the food chain.

 

From CompTox Chemistry Dashboard using OPERA (OPEn (quantitative) structure-activity Relationship Application)  V1.02 model in which calculation based on PaDEL descriptors (calculate molecular descriptors and fingerprints of chemical), the bioaccumulation i.e BCF for test substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated to be 4.61 dimensionless . The predicted BCF result based on the 5 OECD principles. Thus based on the result it is concluded that the test substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid is non-bioaccumulative in nature.

 

In a supporting weight of evidence study from authoritative database (J-CHECK, 2017) for the read across chemical 2-amino-5-methylbenzenesulfonic acid (CAS no. 88-44-8),bioaccumulation experiment was conducted on test organism Cyprinus carpio for 6 weeks for evaluating the bioconcentration factor (BCF value) of 2-amino-5-methylbenzenesulfonic acid. The study was performed according to other guideline "Bioaccumulation test of a chemical substance in fish or shellfish" provided in "the Notice on the Test Method Concerning New Chemical Substances", respectively. Cyprinus carpio was used as a test organism for the study. Test chemical nominal conc. used for the study were 2mg/l and 0.2mg/l, respectively. Range finding study involve the TLm (48 hr) 480 mg/l (w/v) on Rice fish (Oryzias latipes).The bioconcentration factor (BCF value) of substance 2-amino-5-methylbenzenesulfonic acid on Cyprinus carpio was determined to be ≤ 0.4 L/Kg at a conc. of 2mg/l and ≤ 4.0 L/Kg at a conc. of 0.2mg/l, respectively, which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the chemical 2 -amino-5 -methylbenzenesulfonic acid is not expected to bioaccumulate in the food chain.

 

For the read across chemical 2-aminonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS no. 81-16-3),bioaccumulation study was conducted on test organism Cyprinus carpiofor 8 weeks for evaluating the bioconcentration factor (BCF value) of substance 2 -aminonaphthalene-1 -sulfonic acid (J-CHECK, 2017) under static conditions. Test chemical nominal conc. used for the study were 5 mg/l and 0.5 mg/l (w/v), respectively. Range finding study involve the TLm (48 hr) 610 mg/l on Rice fish (Oryzias latipes).The bioconcentration factor (BCF value) of substance 2 -aminonaphthalene-1 -sulfonic acid on Cyprinus carpio was determined to be< 0.6 L/Kg at a conc. of 5 mg/l and < 6 L/Kg at a conc. of 0.5 mg/l, respectively, which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the chemical 2 -aminonaphthalene-1 -sulfonic acid is not expected to bioaccumulate in the food chain.

 

On the basis of above results for target chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (from EPI suite, ACD labs,ChemSpider, SciFinder database and CompTox Chemistry Dashboard,  2017) and for its read across substance (from authoritative database J-CHECK), it can be concluded that the BCF value of test substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acidranges from 1.0 – 4.61 which does not exceed the bioconcentration threshold of 2000, indicating that the chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid is not expected to bioaccumulate in the food chain.

Adsorption / desorption

Various predicted data for the target compound 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470-17-3) and supporting weight of evidence study for its read across substance were reviewed for the adsorption end point which are summarized as below:

 

In aprediction done using theKOCWIN Program(v2.00) of Estimation Programs Interface (EPI Suite, 2017) was used to predict the soil adsorption coefficient i.e Koc value of test chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470 -17 -3). The soil adsorption coefficient i.e Koc value of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated to be 10 L/kg (log Koc=1.0)  by means of MCI method (at 25 deg C). This Koc value indicates that the substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid has a negligible sorption to soil and sediment and therefore have rapid migration potential to ground water.

 

The Soil Adsorption Coefficient i.e Koc value of test substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS no. 6470 -17 -3) was estimated using Adsorption Coefficient module (v12.1.0.50374) program as Koc 1 (log Koc = 0) at pH range 1-14 respectively(ACD (Advanced Chemistry Development)/I-Lab predictive module, 2017). This Koc value indicates that the test substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid has a negligible sorption to soil and therefore have rapid migration potential to groundwater.

 

In an another prediction done by using ChemSpider Database (2017),the Soil Adsorption Coefficient i.e Koc value of test substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS no. 6470 -17 -3) was estimated. The adsorption coefficient (Koc) value of substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated to be 1 (Log Koc = 0) at pH 5.5 and 7.4, respectively. This Koc value indicates that the substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid has a negligible sorption to soil and sediment and therefore have rapid migration potential to groundwater.

 

Additional soil adsorption coefficient i.e Koc value of test chemical5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS No. 6470 -17 -3)was estimated using the SciFinder database (American Chemical Society (ACS), 2017).The soil adsorption coefficient i.e Koc value of 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated to be 1 (log Koc = 0) (at 25 deg C). This Koc value indicates that the substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid has a negligible sorption to soil and sediment and therefore have rapid migration potential to ground water.

 

From CompTox Chemistry Dashboard using OPERA (OPEn (quantitative) structure-activity Relationship Application)  V1.02 model in which calculation based on PaDEL descriptors (calculate molecular descriptors and fingerprints of chemical), the adsorption coefficient i.e KOC for test substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated to be 33.2 L/kg (log Koc = 1.5211).The predicted KOC result based on the 5 OECD principles. This Koc value indicates that the substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid has a low sorption to soil and sediment and therefore have moderate migration potential to ground water.

 

In a supporting weight of evidence study from authoritative database (HSDB, 2017) for the read across chemical 4-aminobenzene-1-sulfonic acid (CAS no. 121-57-3),adsorption experiment was conducted for estimating the adsorption coefficient (Koc) value of read across chemical 4 -aminobenzene-1 -sulfonic acid. The adsorption coefficient (Koc) value was calculated using a structure estimation method based on molecular connectivity indices. The adsorption coefficient (Koc) value of test substance 4-aminobenzene-1-sulfonic acid was estimated to be 10 (Log Koc = 1.0). This Koc value indicates that the substance 4 -aminobenzene-1 -sulfonic acid has a negligible sorption to soil and sediment and therefore have rapid migration potential to ground water.

 

On the basis of above overall results for target chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid (from EPI suite, ACD labs,ChemSpider, SciFinder database and CompTox Chemistry Dashboard,2017) and for its read across substance (from authoritative database HSDB, 2017), it can be concluded that the Koc value of test substance 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid ranges from1–33.2 indicating that the test chemical 5-amino-2-methoxybenzene-1-sulfonic acid has a negligible to low sorption to soil and sediment and therefore have rapid to moderate migration potential to ground water.