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EC number: 204-712-4 | CAS number: 124-76-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- In Vitro Characterization of Borneol Metabolites by GC–MS Upon Incubation with Rat Liver Microsomes
- Author:
- Zhang R
- Year:
- 2 008
- Bibliographic source:
- Journal of Chromatographic Science, Vol. 46, May/June 2008, pp 419-423
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- metabolism
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- - Principle of test: Study of metabolism of Borneol by the analysis of incubations of in vitro-prepared rat liver microsomes
- Short description of test conditions: see description below
- Parameters analysed / observed: Metabolites of Borneol in rat liver microsomes. - GLP compliance:
- not specified
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- DL-borneol
- EC Number:
- 208-080-0
- EC Name:
- DL-borneol
- Cas Number:
- 507-70-0
- Molecular formula:
- C10H18O
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,7,7-trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- no
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Experimental Animal Center of Guangdong Province, P.R. China
- Age at study initiation: ca. 50 days
- Weight at study initiation: 230–250 g
- Housing: steel cages
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): control diet
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): control diet
- Acclimation period: 1 week
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22–26°C
- Humidity (%): 50–60%
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- other: In vitro incubation with rat liver microsomes
- Details on exposure:
- A typical incubation mixture consisted of 2.5 mg/mL rat liver microsmal protein, 0.1M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), 1mM Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), and 325μM Borneol with a final volume of 1 mL. Borneol was dissolved in methanol (final concentration in the reaction medium of < 1.0%).
The reaction was initiated by the addition of the NADPH, and then the oxygen was quickly added with a syringe needle going into the middle of the mixtures for 40 s.
Control incubations were performed using inactivated microsomes, which were boiled in 90°C water for 45 min.
After incubation in a shaking water bath at 37°C for 30 min, the reaction was terminated by adding 2 mL ethyl acetate. The mixture was extracted for 10 min by shaking vigorously and then centrifuged at 15,000 × g for 10 min.
The organic phases were directly injected into the Gas chromatography (GC)–Mass spectrometry (MS) for analysis.
- Details on dosing and sampling:
- METABOLITE CHARACTERISATION STUDIES
- Tissues and body fluids sampled: rat liver microsomes
- Method type(s) for identification: GC-MS
Results and discussion
Main ADME results
- Type:
- metabolism
- Results:
- Four metabolites (M1, M2, M3, and M4) were observed in the incubation mixture, which were not present in the control incubations
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- yes
- Details on metabolites:
- Borneol was rapidly metabolized to four metabolites:
M1 (m/z 152): molecular weight of two mass units less than Borneol. M1 was confirmed as camphor by comparison with the standard mass spectrum library (NIST library, 95% similarity).
M2 (m/z 122): molecular weight of 32 mass units less than Borneol. It was proposed that this is the de-methylated and de-hydrated metabolite of Borneol. Although, further investigation is required to positively identify this metabolite.
M3 (m/z 170) and M4 (m/z 170): molecular weight of 16 mass units more than Borneol. it was proposed that M3 and M4 are probably hydroxylated metabolite(s) of borneol, although these will require further study to be certain.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Borneol was rapidly metabolized to four phase I metabolites in incubations with normal rat liver microsomes in the presence of NADPH.
- Executive summary:
The metabolism of borneol was studied by the analysis of incubations of in vitro-prepared rat liver microsomes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats, aged approximately 50 days and weighing 230–250 g, were used for the study. A typical incubation mixture was performed in a shaking water bath at 37°C for 30 min and consisted of 2.5 mg/mL rat liver microsmal protein, 0.1M potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), 1mM NADPH, and 325μM Bornel with a final volume of 1 mL. Gas chromatography (GC)–mass spectrometry (MS) method was developed for the identification of Borneol and its metabolites. Four phase I metabolites were detected: M1 (m/z 152) confirmed as camphor, M2 (m/z 122) proposed as the de-methylated and de-hydrated metabolite, M3 (m/z 170) and M4 (m/z 170) both proposed as the hydroxylated metabolites.
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