Ruthenium

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Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

relative self-ignition temperature (solids)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: UN-Test N.4, UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, Tests and Criteria, fifth revised edition, 2009.

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

As the test item is very expensive and the available resources are limited, a 25 mm cubic sample was used instead of a 100 mm cubic sample

GLP compliance:

no

Key result

Remarks on result:

other: The sample temperature did not exceed the oven temperature by 60°C at an oven temperature of 140 or 170°C. At an oven temperature of 195°C the sample temperature exceeded the oven temperature by more than 60°C.

Ruthenium Black (2.23/050712/01)

Cube size (mm)	Oven temperature (deg C)	Maximum temperature reached (deg C)	Ignition or temperature of the sample exceeds the oven temperature by 60 deg C
25	140	142	No
25	170	180	No
25	195	391	Yes

Conclusions:

On the basis of the test results and according to the criteria specified in the Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP-/GHS-Regulation) ruthenium black is not a self-heating substance, if the substance is packed in packages of not more than 3m3.

Executive summary:

This is a non-GLP study and follows a modified UN N4 guideline. It is considered adequate for assessment as the key study for this endpoint. On the basis of the test results and according to the criteria specified in the Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP-/GHS-Regulation) ruthenium black is not a self-heating substance, if the substance is packed in packages of not more than 3m3.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

relative self-ignition temperature (solids)

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

13 December 2010

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

other: N4 (Modified Method) Self Heating Substances

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

The test item is only available in very limited amounts and is extremely expensive. Therefore, in order to obtain as much information as possible on the self-heating properties of the test item a modified procedure was employed

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Key result

Remarks on result:

no self ignition observed under the test conditions

Ruthenium showed no sign of self ignition or self heating over the duration of the test

Conclusions:

Ruthenium showed no sign of self-ignition or self-heating over the duration of the test.

Executive summary:

Tremain and Atwal (2011) is a GLP compliant study following a modified UN N4 method and is considered suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. Ruthenium showed no sign of self-ignition or self-heating over the duration of the test.

Description of key information

Ruthenium and ruthenium black are not classified as self-heating substances if they are transported in packages of less than 3m3.

Additional information

Tremain and Atwal (2011) is a GLP compliant study following a modified UN N4 method and is considered suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint. Ruthenium showed no sign of self-ignition or self-heating over the duration of the test.

Ruthenium black was tested in a non-GLP study and following a modified UN N4 guideline (Michael-Schulz 2012). It is considered adequate for assessment as the key study for this endpoint. On the basis of the test results and according to the criteria specified in the Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 (CLP-/GHS-Regulation) ruthenium black is not a self-heating substance, if the substance is packed in packages of not more than 3m3.