Reaction mass of 6-Chloro-2-{4[ethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]phenyl}-1-methylbenzo[cd]indolium hydroxide and 6-chloro-2-[4-[ethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]phenyl]-1-methylbenz[cd]indolium acetate

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Test start: 09 March, 1990, test end: 14 March, 1990; Study completion date: 17 April, 1990

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EEC Directive 79-831, Annex V, Part, C.B, according to DEV H-5 (a2) Deutsche Einheitsverfahren, 1966

Version / remarks:

- Concentration of the Test substance
- Method of O2-Determination
- Inoculum: Husman

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Test substance: FAT 31064/F
Solubility: 50 g/L (insoluble in water)
Storage: Room temperature
Appearance: Solid

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

not specified

Duration of test (contact time):

5 d

Initial conc.:

50 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial conc.:

100 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial conc.:

200 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Initial conc.:

500 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Reference substance:

benzoic acid, sodium salt

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Key result

Parameter:

BOD5

Value:

31 mg O2/g test mat.

Results with reference substance:

The BOD5 of Sodiumbenzoate, corrected by the blank control is: for 4 mg/L reference substance = 1075 mg/g 02
for 5 mg/L reference substance = 980 mg/g 02

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

not readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

The BOD5 of FAT 31064/F is 31 mg O2/g test mat.

Executive summary:

The Biochemical oxygen demand of FAT 31064/F is determined by measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration before and after 5 days incubation at 20°C in different test concentrations diluted in water saturated with dissolved oxygen that contains a seed of microorganisms. The study was performed in accordance with the EEC, Annex V, Part. C.8, corresponding to DEV H-5 (a2), Ausgabe 1966. The test concentration were 50, 100, 200 and 500 mg/L. The reference substance used was sodium benzoate (4 mg/L and 5 mg/L). Based on the findings of the study, the BOD5 of FAT 31064/F is 31 mg O2/g test mat. The COD of FAT 31064/F was found to be 1856 mg O2/g test mat. The resultant BOD/COD ratio was found to be 0.016 indicating the substance to be not readily biodegradable. The BOD of reference substance was found to be 1075 mg/g O2 test material.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Test start date: 13 April, 1990; Test end date: 17 April, 1990; Study completion date: 17 April, 1990

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: EEC Directive 79-831, Annex V, C.9. according to German DIN-Norm 38'409, H-41, 1 (Dezember 1980)

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Test substance: FAT-31064/F
Solubility: 50 g/L (Insoluble in water)
Storage: Room temperature
Appearance: Solid

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

not specified

Duration of test (contact time):

2 h

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Details on study design:

Experimental conditions:
Test concentration: 4.81 mg and 4.81 mg of the test substance
Duration: 2 h
Temperature: 148 ± 3 °C
Estimation technique: Titration (Potentiometrie) METROHM Titroprozessor 670

Reference substance:

other: KHP

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Key result

Parameter:

COD

Value:

1 856 mg O2/g test mat.

Results with reference substance:

The COD of the reference substance KHP is: 207 mg/g 02

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

not readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

The COD of FAT 31064/F is 1856 mg O2/g test mat.

Executive summary:

The Chemical oxygen demand of FAT 31064/F is determined by measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration before and after 2 hours incubation at 148 ± 3°C at concentration of 4.81 mg test substance. The study was performed in accordance with the EEC Directive 79 -831, Annex V, C.9 according to German DIN-Norm 38'409, H-41, 1 (December 1980). The reference substance used was KHP. Based on the findings of the study, the COD of FAT 31064/F was found to be 1856 mg O2/g test mat. In another experiment, the BOD of FAT 31064/F was found to be 31 mg O2/g test mat. The resultant BOD/COD ratio was found to be 0.016 indicating the substance is not readily biodegradable. The COD of reference substance was found to be 207 mg/g O2 test material.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Test start: 27 Feb, 1990; Test end: 27 March, 1990; Study completion date: 14 May, 1990

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 A (Ready Biodegradability: DOC Die Away Test)

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Code no.: FAT31064/F
Appearance: Solid
Solubility: 50 g/L (in water)
Storage: Room temperature

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

- Strain/Inocluation: Mixture of polyvalent bacteria collected on 27.02.90 - effluent of a domestic sewage treatment plant (ARA-Rhein)
- Bacteria concentration: 1.6 x 10^6/mL

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

40 mg/L

Based on:

DOC

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

DOC removal

Details on study design:

Temperature 23 ± 1°C
Lighting: Indirect daylight

Reference substance:

other: Glucose (Merck No.8342)

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: Std deviation not reported

Details on results:

Test substance: Biodegradation (corrected by the Inoculum control) expressed as DOC (mg/L) is 0 % (28d)

Results with reference substance:

Biodegradation (corrected by the Inoculum control) expressed as DOC (mg/l) is 100 % (28d)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Conclusions:

FAT 31064/F was not readily biodegradable under the conditions of this test.

Executive summary:

The ready biodegradability of FAT 31064/F was determined in 28 days test performed according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 301A following GLP. The test substance was tested in a concentration of 40 mg/l using activated sludge obtained from a communal waste water treatment plant. The reference substance used was Glucose. Under the present conditions, no biodegradation was observed (0%). 100% biodegradation was observed with reference substance. FAT 31064/F was thus concluded to be not readily biodegradable under the conditions of this test.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Test start: 05 July, 1990; Test end: 02 August; 1990; Study completion date: 22 August, 1990

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Code no: FAT31064/F
Appearance: Solid
Solubility: 50 g/L (in water)
Storage: Room temperature

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

Strain/Inoculation: Mixture of polyvalent bacteria collected on 05.07.90 in the aeration tank of a domestic sewage treatment plant, ARA Birsfelden (mixed activated sludge).
Bacteria concentration: 30 mg/L.

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

100 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Reference substance:

other: Natriumbenzoate (Fluka, No. 71295)

Key result

Parameter:

other: Biodegradation (corrected by the Inoculum control) expressed as the % of BOD versus ThOD

Value:

0

Sampling time:

28 d

Details on results:

Test substance: Biodegradation (corrected by the Inoculum control) expressed as the % of BOD versus ThOD is 0 % (28d)

Reference substance: Biodegradation (corrected by the Inoculum control) expressed as the % of BOD versus ThOD is 100 % (28d)

Results with reference substance:

Biodegradation (corrected by the inoculum control) expressed as the % of BOD versus ThOD is 100 % (28d)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

not readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

The biodegradation for the test substance FAT 31064/F (corrected by the Inoculum control) expressed as the % of BOD versus ThOD is 0 % (28d)

Executive summary:

The ready biodegradability of FAT 31064/F was determined in a 28 days test performed according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 301C following GLP. The test substance was tested in a concentration of 100 mg/L using activated sludge obtained from a communal waste water treatment plant. Reference substance used was Natriumbenzoate. 0 % degradation was observed with FAT-31064/F. The substance was not readily biodegradable. From the results of the toxicity control, a slight toxic effect of the biodegradation of the control substance is obviously. The reference substance degraded 100 % thereby validating the study.

Reference 5

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

Test start date: 19 February, 1998; Test end date: 01 April, 1998; Study completion date: 14 April, 1998

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Commission Directive 87/302/EEC, Annex L 133, Part C, pp 99-105 (edition 1988)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Code no: FAT 31064/G
Batch no.: LOT 003062 A 8
Purity: ca. 55 %
Appearance: Dark-blue, liquid
Solubility: >50 g/L (in water)
Storage: Room temperature
Expiration date: 02/2005

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge (adaptation not specified)

Details on inoculum:

Activated sludge of a communal sewage treatment plant (ARA Pro Rheno Basel) collected on January 06, 1998 was washed twice with tap water one day before the test was started.

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

150 mg/L

Based on:

DOC

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

DOC removal

Reference substance:

diethylene glycol

Remarks:

(Fluka no. 32160)

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (DOC removal)

Value:

70

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: Std deviation not reported

Details on results:

Degradation of the test substance:
Adsorption: Adsorption of FAT 31064/G after 3 hours: 29 %
Biodegradation: Biodegradation of FAT 31064/G after 28 days: 58 %
Total elimination:(regarding adsorption and biodégradation)
Total elimination of FAT 31064/G after 28 days: 70 %

The adsorption after 3 hours was estimated to be 29 %. In the next 5 days of the test a further decrease of the DOC-content in the test solutions of 84 % was observed. This bioelimination was presumably caused by an adsorption of the test substance onto the surface of the activated sludge. From day 5 to day 14 a partly desorption (25 %) of the formerly adsorbed test substance occured. Therefore, the total elimination after 28 days was determined to be 70 %.

Results with reference substance:

Biodegradation after 9 days: 97 %

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

inherently biodegradable

Conclusions:

The biodegradation (DOC removal) after 28 days of the test substance FAT 31064/G was 58 %, while, the total elimination after 28 days was determined to be 70 %.

Executive summary:

The inherent biodegradability of FAT 31064/G was determined in a 28 days test performed according to OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 302B following GLP.

The test substance was tested in a concentration of 150 mg/L using activated sludge obtained from a communal waste water treatment plant. The reference substance used was Diethylene glycol. The findings of the study were:

Adsorption after 3 hours: 29 %

Biodegradation after 28 days: 58 %

Total elimination after 28 days: 70 %

The adsorption after 3 hours was estimated to be 29 %. In the next 5 days of the test a further decrease of the DOC-content in the test solutions of 84 % was observed. This bioelimination was presumably caused by an adsorption of the test substance onto the surface of the activated sludge. From day 5 to day 14 a partly desorption (25 %) of the formerly adsorbed test substance occured. The reference substance showed biodegradation of 97 % in 28 d thereby validating the study.

Description of key information

Basic Blue 145 is considered to be not readily biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Additional information

The inherent biodegradability of FAT 31064/G was determined in a 28 days test performed according to OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 302B following GLP. The findings reported were:

Adsorption after 3 hours: 29%

Biodegradation after 28 days: 58%

Total elimination after 28 days: 70%

The adsorption after 3 hours was estimated to be 29 %. In the next 5 days of the test a further decrease of the DOC-content in the test solutions of 84 % was observed. This bioelimination was presumably caused by an adsorption of the test substance onto the surface of the activated sludge. From day 5 to day 14 a partly desorption (25 %) of the formerly adsorbed test substance occured. The reference substance showed biodegradation of 97% in 28 d thereby validating the study. Thus, the test substance can be considered to have shown evidence of inherent, primary biodegradability.

In two 28 day ready biodegradability tests performed according to the OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, No. 301A and OECD 301C following GLP the test substance FAT 31064/F was found to be not readily biodegradable under the conditions of this test.

Two other key studies showed the following results:

COD of 1856 mg O2/g test material.

BOD5 of 31 mg O2/g test material.

Several other BOD5 and COD test results are available.

The relevant BOD5/COD quotient is <0.5, therefore the substance is not indicative of rapid degradation.

Taking the data from key and supporting studies into account, the test substance is considered to be not readily biodegradable.