Undecan-1-ol

Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: short-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study conducted according to a non Guideline protocol; not GLP; no analytical monitoring; moisture level low; no information on test item equilibration with the soil.

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

2004

Report date:

2004

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Lokke and van Gestel 1998

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The test reduced moisture content of soil respect to the OECD guideline, 15-20% rather than 20-30%, but the authors of the report thought that this would make no difference to the survival of organisms due to the short duration of the test.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Application method:

soil

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Decan-1-ol

EC Number:

203-956-9

EC Name:

Decan-1-ol

Cas Number:

112-30-1

Molecular formula:

C10H22O

IUPAC Name:

decan-1-ol

Test material form:

liquid

Remarks:

colourless, clear

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Test substrate

Vehicle:

yes

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

- Method of mixing into soil: sand spike. This involved adding an appropriate amount of compound to analar grade acetone to form a stock solution for the 1000 mg/kg dose. Aliquots of the stock solution were then diluted with acetone to prepare lower doses. Acetone solutions were added to silica sand in glass jars. Mixtures were mixed thoroughly with a stainless steel spatula. The acetone was left to evaporate in a fume cupboard, leaving the test item coated onto the sand. Appropriate amount of moist soil was added to each of the glass jars. The dosed or undosed sand was incorporated into the bulk of the soil using a palette knife. Jars were then sealed with screw top lids containing aluminium foil inserts and tumbled overnight (ca. 16 h) on a rotary soil tumbler 50 rpm.

- Controls: One aliquot of sand was dosed with acetone only to serve as solvent control. A jar with an aliquot of sand only served as untreated control - both with the appropriate amount of moist soil added thereafter.

- Chemical name of vehicle: acetone

- Concentration of vehicle in test medium: acetone solutions was added between 1-7 ml to 5-35g of silica sand. The sand was left to evaporate the acetone completely before initial exposure, so that the concentration of vehicle would be negligible.

- Evaporation of vehicle before use: yes

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Folsomia candida

Animal group:

Collembola (soil-dwelling springtail)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM

- Common name: springtail

- Source: Centre of Ecology and Hydrology, Monks Wood, Cambridgeshire, UK

- Age at test initiation (mean and range, SD): 10-12 days old

ACCLIMATION

- Acclimation period: not specified.

- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): similar to test

Study design

Study type:

laboratory study

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

7 d

Test conditions

Test temperature:

range: 17.7 to 20 deg C

pH (if soil or dung study):

5.4.

Humidity:

(Moisture of substrate) range:

Photoperiod and lighting:

16/8 hour daylight/darkness regime

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM

- Test container (material, size): 120 ml clear glass powder jars, sealed with a screw top lid

- Amount of soil or substrate: 30 g wet weight soil

- No. of organisms per container (treatment): 10

- No. of replicates per treatment group: 3

- No. of replicates per control: 3

- No. of replicates per vehicle control: 3


SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE

- Geographic location: Heath Farm, Leicester Lane, LandLook (Midlands), Leamington Spa, from Dr Graham Beard. OS map reference 32896926.

- Pesticide use history at the collection site: assumed to be pesticide free, as the field the soil was taken from land that had been set aside for 3-4 years.

- Collection procedures: the soil was sieved to 2 mm.

- Sampling depth (cm): 5-20cm to avoid surface root mat

- Soil texture

- % sand: 63.8%-64.8%

- Soil classification: sandy loam soil. The soil is described as soil series, Bomsgrove, standard soil number 33, variant.

- Organic carbon (%): 1.3%

- Maximum water holding capacity: ca. 40%

- Pretreatment of soil: the soil was treated with gamma radiation (27 KGy) in order to kill the indigenous nematodes and potential predators. However observation from extracted fresh soil indicated that interference from the indigenous population was likely to be insignificant. Consequently, the definitive test was carried out using unsterilised soil.

- Storage: stored in closed black plastic bags at 4 degC until required.


EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: mortality (immobilisation) at the end of the test


VEHICLE CONTROL PERFORMED: yes


TEST CONCENTRATIONS

- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3

- Range finding study

- Test concentrations: 10, 100, 100 mg/kg

- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: 7d EC50 100-100 mg/kg

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal concentrations: 0, 10, 30, 100, 300, 1000 mg/kg

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

dimethoate

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

320 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

other: immobility

Remarks on result:

other: (220-440)

Details on results:

- Mortality at end of exposure period: 100% at the highest concentration tested. See Table 1 for details.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

- Results with reference substance valid? yes

- Relevant effect levels: EC50 3.1 mg/kg

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1. Summary of findings.

Dose (mg/kg dw soil)	Number of F. candida		% effect
	live	dead/missing
Control	10	0	0
	10	0	0
	10	0	0
Acetone control	10	0	0
	9	1	10
	10	0	0
30	8	2	20
	10	0	0
	10	0	0
100	9	1	10
	9	1	10
	10	0	0
300	8	2	20
	7	3	30
	6	4	40
1000	0	10	100
	0	10	100
	0	10	100

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

A 7 d EC50 value of 320 mg/kg dw soil has been determined for the effects of the test substance on population numbers of the springtail F. candida.