1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Skin irritation:

The dermal irritation potential of 1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) was estimated using OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with logPow as the primary descriptor. The substance 1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) was estimated to be not irritating to the skin of New Zealand White rabbits. Based on the estimated result 1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) can be considered to be not irritating to skin and can be classified under the category ˋ Not Classified’ as per CLP regulation.

 

Eye irritation:

The ocular irritation potential of 1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) was estimated using OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with logPow as the primary descriptor. The substance 1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) was estimated to be not irritating into the eyes of New Zealand White rabbits. Based on the estimated result 1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) can be considered to be not irritating to eye and can be classified under the category ˋ Not Classified’ as per CLP regulation.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

data is from OECD QSAR toolbox v 3.3 and the QMRF report has been attached

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Estimated data

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Prediction was done using OECD QSAR toolbox v3.3

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material: 1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone
- Molecular formula: C34H34N2O4
- Molecular weight: 534.6526 g/mole
- Smiles notation: CCCCc1ccc(cc1)Nc2ccc(c3c2C(=O)c4c(ccc(c4C3=O)O)O)Nc5ccc(cc5)CCCC
-InChl:1S/C34H34N2O4/c1-3-5-7-21-9-13-23(14-10-21)35-25-17-18-26(36-24-15-11-22(12-16-24)8-6-4-2)30-29(25)33(39)31-27(37)19-20-28(38)32(31)34(30)40/h9-20,35-38H,3-8H2,1-2H3
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

no data available

Type of coverage:

semiocclusive

Preparation of test site:

clipped

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

not specified

Amount / concentration applied:

0.5g

Duration of treatment / exposure:

4 hours

Observation period:

72 hours

Number of animals:

3

Details on study design:

no data available

Other effects / acceptance of results:

no data available

Irritation parameter:

overall irritation score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

72 h

Reversibility:

not specified

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Irritant / corrosive response data:

No signs of irritation observed

Estimation method: Takes mode value from the 6 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

(((((((("a" or "b" or "c" or "d" )  and "e" )  and ("f" and ( not "g") )  )  and "h" )  and ("i" and ( not "j") )  )  and "k" )  and ("l" and ( not "m") )  )  and ("n" and "o" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Hydroquinones OR Phenols, Poly by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkyl arenes OR Anthracenone/ Antracendione OR Aromatic amine OR Aryl OR Cycloketone OR Diketone OR Fused carbocyclic aromatic OR Phenol by Organic Functional groups ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkyl arenes OR Anthracenone/ Antracendione OR Aromatic amine OR Aryl OR Overlapping groups OR Phenol by Organic Functional groups (nested) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alcohol, olefinic attach [-OH] OR Aliphatic Carbon [CH] OR Aliphatic Carbon [-CH2-] OR Aliphatic Carbon [-CH3] OR Aliphatic Nitrogen, two aromatic attach [-N-] OR Aromatic Carbon [C] OR Carbonyl, olefinic attach [-C(=O)-] OR Diarylketone OR Hydroxy, aromatic attach [-OH] OR Ketone in a ring, olefinic aromatic attach OR Miscellaneous sulfide (=S) or oxide (=O) OR Nitrogen, two or tree olefinic attach [>N-] OR Olefinic carbon [=CH- or =C<] OR Ortho-hydroxy to misc. -CO-  OR Oxygen, one aromatic attach [-O-] by Organic functional groups (US EPA) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by Protein binding by OASIS v1.3 ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Ketones AND Phenols by Skin irritation/corrosion Inclusion rules by BfR

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aliphatic acids and (Met)acrylic acids OR Aromatic amines OR Inclusion rules not met by Skin irritation/corrosion Inclusion rules by BfR

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Not bioavailable by Lipinski Rule Oasis ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Group 14 - Carbon C AND Group 15 - Nitrogen N AND Group 16 - Oxygen O by Chemical elements

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Group 17 - Halogens Br OR Group 17 - Halogens F,Cl,Br,I,At by Chemical elements

Domain logical expression index: "k"

Similarity boundary:Target: CCCCc1ccc(Nc2ccc(Nc3ccc(CCCC)cc3)c3c2C(=O)c2c(O)ccc(O)c2C3=O)cc1
Threshold=20%,
Dice(Atom centered fragments)
Atom type; Count H attached; Hybridization

Domain logical expression index: "l"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by rtER Expert System ver.1 - USEPA

Domain logical expression index: "m"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkylphenols OR Phenylphenols by rtER Expert System ver.1 - USEPA

Domain logical expression index: "n"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= 7.72

Domain logical expression index: "o"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 17.2

Interpretation of results:

other: not irritating

Conclusions:

1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone was estimated to be not irritating to the skin of New Zealand White rabbits.

Executive summary:

The dermal irritation potential of 1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone acid was estimated using OECD QSAR toolbox v3.3 with logPow as the primary descriptor.

1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone was estimated to be not irritating to the skin of New Zealand White rabbits.

Based on the estimated results, 1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone can be considered to be not irritating to skin and can be classified under the category “Not Classified” as per CLP regulation.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

data is from OECD QSAR toolbox v3.3 and the QMRF report has been attached

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: estimated data

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Prediction was done using OECD QSAR toolbox v3.3

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material: 1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone
- Molecular formula: C34H34N2O4
- Molecular weight: 534.6526 g/mole
- Smiles notation: CCCCc1ccc(cc1)Nc2ccc(c3c2C(=O)c4c(ccc(c4C3=O)O)O)Nc5ccc(cc5)CCCC
-InChl:1S/C34H34N2O4/c1-3-5-7-21-9-13-23(14-10-21)35-25-17-18-26(36-24-15-11-22(12-16-24)8-6-4-2)30-29(25)33(39)31-27(37)19-20-28(38)32(31)34(30)40/h9-20,35-38H,3-8H2,1-2H3
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

New Zealand White

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

no data available

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

not specified

Amount / concentration applied:

0.1ml

Duration of treatment / exposure:

single application

Observation period (in vivo):

72 hours

Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):

no data available

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

3

Details on study design:

no data available

Other effects / acceptance of results:

no data available

Irritation parameter:

overall irritation score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

72 h

Reversibility:

not specified

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Irritant / corrosive response data:

no signs of irritation observed

Estimation method: Takes mode value from the 6 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

(((((("a" or "b" or "c" or "d" )  and "e" )  and "f" )  and "g" )  and "h" )  and ("i" and "j" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Hydroquinones OR Phenols, Poly by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkyl arenes OR Anthracenone/ Antracendione OR Aromatic amine OR Aryl OR Cycloketone OR Diketone OR Fused carbocyclic aromatic OR Phenol by Organic Functional groups ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkyl arenes OR Anthracenone/ Antracendione OR Aromatic amine OR Aryl OR Overlapping groups OR Phenol by Organic Functional groups (nested) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alcohol, olefinic attach [-OH] OR Aliphatic Carbon [CH] OR Aliphatic Carbon [-CH2-] OR Aliphatic Carbon [-CH3] OR Aliphatic Nitrogen, two aromatic attach [-N-] OR Aromatic Carbon [C] OR Carbonyl, olefinic attach [-C(=O)-] OR Diarylketone OR Hydroxy, aromatic attach [-OH] OR Ketone in a ring, olefinic aromatic attach OR Miscellaneous sulfide (=S) or oxide (=O) OR Nitrogen, two or tree olefinic attach [>N-] OR Olefinic carbon [=CH- or =C<] OR Ortho-hydroxy to misc. -CO-  OR Oxygen, one aromatic attach [-O-] by Organic functional groups (US EPA) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by Protein binding by OASIS v1.3 ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as High (Class III) by Toxic hazard classification by Cramer (original) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Not bioavailable by Lipinski Rule Oasis ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkyl arenes AND Anthracenone/ Antracendione AND Aromatic amine AND Aryl AND Cycloketone AND Diketone AND Fused carbocyclic aromatic AND Phenol by Organic Functional groups ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= 6.24

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 13.9

Interpretation of results:

other: not irritating

Conclusions:

1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone was estimated to be not irritating to the eyes of New Zealand White rabbits.

Executive summary:

The ocular irritation potential of 1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone was estimated using OECD QSAR toolbox v3.3 with logPow as the primary descriptor.

1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone was estimated to be not irritating to the eyes of New Zealand White rabbits.

Based on the estimated results, 1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone can be considered to be not irritating to eyes and can be classified under the category “Not Classified” as per CLP regulation.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Respiratory irritation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

Skin irritation:

Various studieshas been investigated for the test chemical1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2)to observe the potential for dermal irritation to a greater or lesser extent. The studies are based on in vivo experiments in rabbits for target chemical1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) and its structurally similar read across substances4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol)(CAS no: 118-82-1) and1-hydroxy-4-(phenylamino)-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 19286-75-0).The predicted data using the OECD QSAR toolbox andDanish QSAR database has also been compared with the experimental data and summarized as below;

 

In a prediction done by SSS (2017) using the OECD QSAR toolbox with log kow as the primary descriptor, the skin irritation potential was estimated for test chemical1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) .The chemical 1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) is estimated to be not irritating to skin of New Zealand White rabbits.

 

According to Danish QSAR database , skin irritation effects were estimated by using four different models i.e, Battery, Leadscope, SciQSAR and CASE Ultra for 1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone. Based on estimation, no severe skin irritation effects were known when 1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone was exposed to rabbit skin.Hence,1,4-Bis(4-butylanilino)-5,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone(CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) can be considered not irritating to skin.

 

The above results were supported by experimental study performed bythe MAK Collection for Occupational Health and Safety (2014)forstructurally similar read across substance4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol)(CAS no: 118-82-1) on intact and abraded skin of six New Zealand rabbits under semi-occlusive condition.About 500 mg of the4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol)was applied for 24 hours under semiocclusive conditions. After 24 hours, the application site was scored at 24 or 72 hours according to Draize method.No signs of irritation were observed and the observed irritation score was 0.5. Hence the chemical4,4'-Methylenebis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol)(CAS no: 118-82-1)was considered to be not irritating to the skin ofNew Zealand rabbits.

 

The above studies were further supported by the dermal irritation study published by the COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES; Directorate-General Telecommunications, Information Industries and Innovation (1988) forstructurally similar read across substance1-hydroxy-4-(phenylamino)-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 19286-75-0) in rabbits. About 0.5g of the test chemical mixed with water was applied to the intact and abraded skin of 6 rabbits under occlusion (duration not specified). The rabbits were observed for signs of irritation. Only slight to very slight edema was observed in 3/6 rabbits. Hence, 1-hydroxy-4-(phenylamino)-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 19286-75-0) can be considered to be not irritating to rabbit skin.

 

Based on the available data for the target and read across substances and applying the weight of evidence approach,it can be concluded thatchemical 1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) is unable to cause skin irritation and considered as not irritating.Comparing the above annotations with the criteria of CLP regulation, it can be classified under the category “Not Classified”.

 

 

Eye irritation:

In different studies,the test chemical1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) has been investigated for potential for ocular irritationto a greater or lesser extent. The studies are based on in vivo experiments in rabbits for target chemical1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2)its structurally similar read across substances4,4'-DI(DIMETHYLBENZYL)DIPHENYLAMINE (CAS No: 10081-67-1)and1-hydroxy-4-(phenylamino)-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 19286-75-0).The predicted data using the OECD QSAR toolbox has also been compared with the experimental data and summarized as below;

 

In a prediction done by SSS (2017) using the OECD QSAR toolbox with log kow as the primary descriptor, the eye irritation potential was estimated for test chemical1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) .The chemical 1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) is estimated to be not irritating to eye of New Zealand White rabbits.

 

The IUCLID Data Set (2003) reported an eye irritation study ofstructurally similar read across substance4,4'-DI(DIMETHYLBENZYL)DIPHENYLAMINE (CAS No: 10081-67-1) on six albino rabbits.In this study, 3 mg of the test chemical was applied to the right eye of each of six albino rabbits. The left eye was untreated and served as a control. Each rabbit was examined for eye irritative effects and for gross signs of systemic toxicity at intervals of 24, 48 and 72 hours after application.It was observed that, allrabbits had normal appearance throughout the study and there was no evidence of systemic toxicity from mucous membrane absorption. No gross signs of eye irritation were observed at any observation interval following application of chemical to the eyes of albino rabbits.Since no signs of irritation were observed at any observation point, the chemical4,4'-DI(DIMETHYLBENZYL)DIPHENYLAMINE (CAS No: 10081-67-1)was considered to be not irritating to the eyes ofalbinorabbits.

 

The above studies were further supported by the experimental study published by the COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES; Directorate-General Telecommunications, Information Industries and Innovation (1988) forstructurally similar read across substance1-hydroxy-4-(phenylamino)-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 19286-75-0) in rabbits. About 61 mg of the test chemical was instilled into rabbit eyes and observed for signs of irritation (no. of animals and duration not specified).Some redness of the conjunctivae was observed in all the rabbits. Hence,1-anilino-4-hydroxyanthraquinone can be considered to be not irritating to rabbit eyes.

 

Based on the available data for the target and read across substances and applying the weight of evidence approach,it can be concluded thatchemical 1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) is unable to cause eye irritation and considered as not irritating.Comparing the above annotations with the criteria of CLP regulation, it can be classified under the category “Not Classified”.

Justification for classification or non-classification

The skin and eye irritation potential of test chemical1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2) and its structurally similar read across substanceswere observed in various studies. The results obtained from these studies indicate that the chemical1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dioneis unlikely to cause skin and eye irritation. Hence1,4-bis[(4-butylphenyl)amino]-5,8-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no. 28198 -05 -2)can be classified under the category “Not Classified” for skin and eye as per CLP.