4-[(4-amino-m-tolyl)(4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-o-toluidine monohydrochloride

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

The supporting QMRF report has been attached.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: estimated data

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The prediction was done by using OECD QSAR tool boxv3.3

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material: C.I. Basic Violet 2 / (4-[(4-amino-m-tolyl)(4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-o-toluidine monohydrochloride)
- IUPAC name: 4-[(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)(4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline hydrochloride
- Molecular formula: C22H24ClN3
- Molecular weight: 365.906 g/mole
- Smiles :C(\c1cc(c(N)cc1)C)(c1cc(c(N)cc1)C)=C1\C=C(C(=[NH+])C=C1)C.[ClH-]
- Inchl: 1S/C22H23N3.ClH/c1-13-10-16(4-7-19(13)23)22(17-5-8-20(24)14(2)11-17)18-6-9-21(25)15(3)12-18;/h4-12,23H,24-25H2,1-3H3;1H
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid Green crystalline powder

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

353.602 mg/L

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

Remarks on result:

other: other details not available

The prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following descriptors: EC50
Estimation method: Takes average value from the 8 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

((((((((("a" or "b" or "c" or "d" or "e" )  and ("f" and ( not "g") )  )  and ("h" and ( not "i") )  )  and ("j" and ( not "k") )  )  and "l" )  and ("m" and ( not "n") )  )  and "o" )  and ("p" and ( not "q") )  )  and ("r" and "s" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Anilines (Acute toxicity) AND Dianilines AND Not categorized AND Triarylmethane Pigments/Dyes with Non-solubilizing Groups by US-EPA New Chemical Categories

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Anilines (Hindered) AND Inorganic Compound by Aquatic toxicity classification by ECOSAR

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkene OR Alkyl arenes OR Allyl OR Aniline OR Aryl OR Dianilines OR Ketimine OR No functional group found OR Precursors quinoid compounds by Organic Functional groups ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkene OR Alkyl arenes OR Allyl OR Dianilines OR Ketimine OR No functional group found OR Overlapping groups OR Precursors quinoid compounds by Organic Functional groups (nested) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aliphatic Carbon [CH] OR Aliphatic Carbon [-CH2-] OR Aliphatic Carbon [-CH3] OR Aliphatic Nitrogen, one aromatic attach [-N] OR Aromatic Carbon [C] OR No functional group found OR Olefinic carbon [=CH- or =C<] by Organic functional groups (US EPA) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found AND Non-specific AND Non-specific >> Incorporation into DNA/RNA, due to structural analogy with  nucleoside bases    AND Non-specific >> Incorporation into DNA/RNA, due to structural analogy with  nucleoside bases    >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives AND Radical AND Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) AND Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives AND SN1 AND SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution on diazonium ions AND SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution on diazonium ions >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.3

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as AN2 OR AN2 >> Carbamoylation after isocyanate formation OR AN2 >> Carbamoylation after isocyanate formation >> N-Hydroxylamines OR Non-covalent interaction OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> N-Hydroxylamines OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> N-Hydroxylamines OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.3

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found AND SN1 AND SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation AND SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Primary aromatic amine by DNA binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Michael addition OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Alkyl phenols OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Arenes OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Hydroquinones OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Secondary aromatic amine by DNA binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Non binder, non cyclic structure AND Strong binder, NH2 group by Estrogen Receptor Binding

Domain logical expression index: "k"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Non binder, without OH or NH2 group by Estrogen Receptor Binding

Domain logical expression index: "l"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as High (Class III) by Toxic hazard classification by Cramer (original) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "m"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkyl substituent on aromatic ring AND Aromatic amine   [-NH2  or  -NH-] AND Aromatic-CH3 AND Aromatic-H AND Benzene AND -C=CH  [alkenyl hydrogen] AND Methyl  [-CH3] AND No alert found by Bioaccumulation - metabolism alerts

Domain logical expression index: "n"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as -CH-   [linear] OR -CH2-  [linear] OR Fluorine  [-F] OR Linear C4 terminal chain  [CCC-CH3] OR Number of fused acyclic rings OR Quaternary amine OR Tin  [Sn] by Bioaccumulation - metabolism alerts

Domain logical expression index: "o"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkene AND Alkyl arenes AND Allyl AND Aniline AND Aryl AND Dianilines AND Ketimine AND No functional group found AND Precursors quinoid compounds by Organic Functional groups ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "p"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Inorganic chemical AND Known precedent reproductive and developmental toxic potential AND Not covered by current version of the decision tree AND Toluene and small alkyl toluene derivatives (8a) by DART scheme v.1.0

Domain logical expression index: "q"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Metal atoms were identified OR Metals (1a) OR Not known precedent reproductive and developmental toxic potential by DART scheme v.1.0

Domain logical expression index: "r"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= 1.93

Domain logical expression index: "s"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 2.85

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The EC50 value was estimated to be 353.60 mg/L when test chemical 4-[(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)(4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline hydrochloride exposed to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) for 72 hrs.

Executive summary:

Toxicity of test chemical 4-[(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)(4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline hydrochloride (CASno. 3248-91-7)  was estimated by using OECD QSAR tool box v3.3 with log Kow as primary descriptor and considering the seven closest read across substances. When test chemical was exposed for 72 hrs on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) alga, EC50 value was estimated to be 353.60 mg/L. Since EC50 value is greater than 100 mg/L it is concluded that this test chemical can be considered to be not classified according to CLP classification criteria.

Description of key information

Toxicity of test chemical 4-[(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)(4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline hydrochloride (CASno. 3248-91-7)  was estimated by using OECD QSAR tool box v3.3 with log Kow as primary descriptor and considering the seven closest read across substances. When test chemical was exposed for 72 hrs on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) alga, EC50 value was estimated to be 353.60 mg/L. Since EC50 value is greater than 100 mg/L it is concluded that this test chemical can be considered to be not classified according to CLP classification criteria.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for freshwater algae:

353.6 mg/L

Additional information

Predicted data studies have been conducted for test chemical

4-[(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)(4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline hydrochloride (CASno. 3248-91-7) and their results are summarized below for toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria endpoint.

In the first study toxicity of test chemical 4-[(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)(4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline hydrochloride (CASno. 3248-91-7) was estimated by using OECD QSAR tool box v3.3 with log Kow as primary descriptor and considering the seven closest read across substances. When test chemical was exposed for 72 hrs on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) alga, EC50 value was estimated to be 353.60 mg/L. Since EC50 value is greater than 100 mg/L it is concluded that this test chemical can be considered to be not classified according to CLP classification criteria.

In another study the short-term toxicity of the test substance 4-[(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)(4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline hydrochloride  (CAS no.  3248-91-7) to green algae was predicted using EPI Suite ECOSAR version 1.10. On the basis of effects observed in a static freshwater system during a 96 hr exposure, the effect concentration (EC50) for the substance is estimated to be  240.314  mg/L. Based on this value, it can be concluded that the test chemical  4-[(4-amino-3-methylphenyl)(4-imino-3-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)methyl]-2-methylaniline hydrochloride can be considered as non-toxic to green algae at environmentally relevant concentrations and can be considered not-classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

On the basis of both studies mentioned above EC 50 value for test chemical was in range of 240.314 - 353.60 mg/Land therefore it is concluded that this test chemical can be considered to be not classified according to CLP classification criteria.