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EC number: 203-570-0 | CAS number: 108-30-5
Acute Toxicity: oral
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 11 March 1981 to 27 March 1981
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: OECD guideline- and GLP- compliant study.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 982
- Report Date:
- 1981
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- standard protocol for determination of acute median lethal oral dose.
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. certificate)
- Test type:
- standard acute method
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
Reference
- Name:
- Unnamed
- Type:
- Constituent
- Details on test material:
- Succinic anhydride appeared as white solid flakes
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
- After an acclimation period of at least 7 days, animals were assigned to groups of two males and two females at five dose levels for the preliminary study and five males and five females at six dose levels for the principal study. Animals were individually housed in wire mesh bottom cages in environment controlled rooms.
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- corn oil
- Details on oral exposure:
- Animals were fasted overnight prior to receiving a single oral dose of the test article at five dosing levels. The test article was administered at a constant concentration and the volume of dosing solution did not exceed 5 mL per animal, where possible.
- Doses:
- Preliminary study: 50, 139, 387, 1078 and 3000 mg/kg Principal study: 1214, 1500, 1854, 2291, 2832, and 3500 mg/kg
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- Preliminary study: 2 males and 2 females per dosePrincipal study: 5 males and 5 females per dose
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on study design:
- All animals on the main study were observed for at least 14 days or until all signs of reversible toxicity subsided, whichever occurred later. Animals were observed three times a day on the day of dosing and twice daily for the remainder of the study. All gross or visible toxic or pharmacological effects were recorded. Body weights were recorded initially and on days 8 and 15 or at death. All animals that died and all animals sacrificed at termination were subject to gross necropsy.
- Statistics:
- No details but graphical representations indicate probit analysis used to determine the median lethal dose
Results and discussion
- Preliminary study:
- The preliminary dose range -finding study gave mortality results at dose levels of 50 (0/4); 139 (0/4); 387 (0/4); 1078 (0/4) or 3000 (4/4) mg/kg bw
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Sex:
- male
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 2 157.2 mg/kg bw
- 95% CL:
- 1 722.2 - 2 758.6
- Sex:
- female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 1 510.5 mg/kg bw
- 95% CL:
- 1 086.9 - 1 816.7
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LD50
- Effect level:
- 1 794.9 mg/kg bw
- 95% CL:
- 1 505 - 2 071.5
- Mortality:
- For male rats, cumulative mortality at dose levels of 1214, 1500, 1854, 2291, 2832, and 3500 mg/kg was 0/5, 1/5, 2/5, 3/5, 3/5 and 5/5, respectively. For female rats, cumulative mortality at the same dose levels was 1/5, 3/5, 3/5, 5/5, 5/5 and 5/5, respectively.
- Clinical signs:
- In males at dose levels of 1500 mg/kg and higher, decreased activity and death was seen. Soft stools were reported for males dosed at 2291 mg/kg and ataxia was observed for males at the two highest dose levels. In females, decreased activity and death was observed at all dose levels. Soft stools were observed in females dosed at 1214 mg/kg and ataxia was observed at doses of 1500 mg/kg and higher.
- Body weight:
- See Table 2 below.
- Gross pathology:
- Black pylorus in stomach and intestines containing a blood-like substance were seen in males at doses of 2291 mg/kg and above. At the highest dose, green areas on the lungs were seen in males at necropsy. In females, black stomach pyloric and intestines containing a blood-like substance were seen at doses of 1854 mg/kg and higher. At necropsy, green areas on the lungs were seen in females dosed at 2291 and 3500 mg/kg.
- Other findings:
- No data
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. Mortality
Time of Death | ||||||
| Dose level (mg/kg) | Day 1 | Day 2 | Day 3 | Day 8 | Day 15 | Cumulative mortality |
| Males | ||||||
1214 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0/5 |
| 1500 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1/5 |
| 1854 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2/5 |
| 2291 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3/5 |
| 2832 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3/5 |
| 3500 | 5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 5/5 |
| Females | ||||||
| 1214 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1/5 |
| 1500 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3/5 |
| 1854 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3/5 |
| 2291 | 3 | 2 | -- | -- | -- | 5/5 |
| 2832 | 5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 5/5 |
| 3500 | 5 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 5/5 |
Table 2. Summary of body weights
Body weights (mean + SD) | ||||
| Dose level (mg/kg) | Initial* | 8 days | 15 days | at death |
| Males | ||||
| 1214# | 188.8 + 14.9 | 254.4 + 11.4 | 281.6 + 12.5 | -- |
| 1500 | 319.8 + 23.3 | 346.3 + 40.4 | 365.3 + 38.5 | 294.0 |
| 1854 | 322.8 + 8.3 | 348.0 + 19.1 | 372.7 + 16.3 | 307.0 + 35.4 |
| 2291 | 324.8 + 24.5 | 359.5 + 12.0 | 386.0 + 5.7 | 308.7 + 12.1 |
| 2832 | 318.0 + 16.1 | 364.5 + 12.0 | 385.5 + 13.4 | 312.7 + 19.4 |
| 3500 | 306.0 + 20.4 | -- | -- | 306.0 + 20.4 |
| Females | ||||
| 1214# | 191.2 + 6.4 | 226.0 + 12.3 | 227.0 + 12.3 | 188.0 |
| 1500 | 222.0 + 15.7 | 239.0 + 7.1 | 249.0 + 9.9 | 208.7 + 17.2 |
| 1854 | 214.4 + 9.3 | 247.0 + 15.6 | 255.0 + 24.0 | 210.0 + 11.1 |
| 2291 | 230.4 + 28.2 | -- | -- | 227.2 + 25.2 |
| 2832 | 225.6 + 8.6 | -- | -- | 225.6 + 8.6 |
| 3500 | 231.2 + 19.8 | -- | -- | 231.2 + 19.8 |
| *Fasted body weight # Dosed on a different day | ||||
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- harmful
- Remarks:
- Migrated informationCriteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- Succinic anhydride was found to be slightly toxic when tested for acute oral toxicity via OECD test guideline 401.Although succinic anhydride is an endogenous material in humans and associated with succinic acid/succinate in the Kreb's cycle, nonetheless the effects observed particularly in female rats suggest that some acute oral toxicity is probable at levels much higher than normally encountered physiologically, but still within the classification range for "harmful if swallowed" materials.
- Executive summary:
The LD50 value for succinic anhydride following administration of a single gavage dose to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats was 2157.2 and 1510.5 mg/kg bw, respectively. At the highest dose level in males (3500 mg/kg bw) and the three highest dose levels in females (2291, 2832 and 3500 mg/kg bw), all test animals died by day 2 of the study. Clinical signs included a decreased activity, ataxia and soft stools. Gross necropsy revealed blackening of the pyloric region of the stomach and a blood-like, viscous substance in the intestines.
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