1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: screening tests

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

other information

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

The supporting QMRF report has been attached.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The prediction was done by using OECD QSAR tool box v.3.3

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of the test chemical: 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone
- Molecular formula: C14H8Cl2N2O2
- Molecular weight: 307.135 g/mol
- Smiles Notation: c1cc2c(cc1)C(=O)c1c(c(c(c(c1N)Cl)Cl)N)C2=O
- InChI: 1S/C14H8Cl2N2O2/c15-9-10(16)12(18)8-7(11(9)17)13(19)5-3-1-2-4-6(5)14(8)20/h1-4H,17-18H2
- Substance Type: Organic
- Physical State: Solid crystal powder

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

other: Microorganisms

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

other: BOD

Key result

Parameter:

other: BOD

Value:

0.125

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: other details not available

Details on results:

The test chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone undergoes 0.125 % degradation by taking BOD as parameter in 28 days.

The prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following descriptors: BOD
Estimation method: Takes average value from the 8 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

(((("a" or "b" )  and "c" )  and "d" )  and ("e" and "f" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Aminoaniline, para OR Anthracenone/ Antracendione OR Aryl halide OR Overlapping groups by Organic Functional groups (nested) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Amine OR Aromatic compound OR Aryl chloride OR Aryl halide OR Carbonyl compound OR Halogen derivative OR Ketone OR Primary amine OR Primary aromatic amine by Organic functional groups, Norbert Haider (checkmol) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Not calculated by Biodeg BioHC half-life (Biowin) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as weeks - months by Biodeg primary (Biowin 4) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of Molecular weight which is >= 196 Da

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of Molecular weight which is <= 336 Da

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Interpretation of results:

not readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

The test chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone undergoes 0.125 % degradation by taking BOD as parameter and microorganisms as inoculum in 28 days. Based on percent biodegradability of test chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone it is concluded that this test chemical is not readily biodegradable.

Executive summary:

Biodegradability of test chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone (CASno. 81-42-5) is predicted using OECD QSAR tool box v.3.3using log Kow as primary descriptor. The test chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone undergoes 0.125 % degradation by taking BOD as parameter and microorganisms as inoculum in 28 days. Based on percent biodegradability of test chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone it is concluded that this test chemical is not readily biodegradable.

Description of key information

Biodegradability of test chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone (CASno. 81-42-5) is predicted using OECD QSAR tool box v.3.3using log Kow as primary descriptor. The test chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone undergoes 0.125 % degradation by taking BOD as parameter and microorganisms as inoculum in 28 days. Based on percent biodegradability of test chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone it is concluded that this test chemical is not readily biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Additional information

Predicted data for target chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone (CAS no. 81-42-5) and supporting weight of evidence studies for its read across chemicals with log Kow as primary descriptor were review for biodegradation endpoint which are summarized as below.

Biodegradability of test chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone (CAS no. 81-42-5) is predicted using OECD QSAR tool box v.3.3using log Kow as primary descriptor. The test chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone undergoes 0.125 % degradation by taking BOD as parameter and microorganisms as inoculum in 28 days. Based on percent biodegradability of test chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone it is concluded that this test chemical is not readily biodegradable.

Another prediction done by using Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2017) to estimate the biodegradation potential of the test compound 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone (CAS no. 81-42-5) in the presence of mixed populations of environmental microorganisms. The biodegradability of the substance was calculated using seven different models such as Linear Model, Non-Linear Model, Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe, Primary Biodegradation Timeframe, MITI Linear Model, MITI Non-Linear Model and Anaerobic Model (called as Biowin 1-7, respectively) of the BIOWIN v4.10 software. The results indicate that chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone is expected to be not readily biodegradable.

In a supporting weight of evidence study from authoritative database (J Check, 2017) the Biodegradation experiment was carried out for read across chemical 1-amino-2-bromo-4-hydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione (CAS no.116-82-5) by taking activated sludge as inoculums at 30 mg/L concentration for 28 days. Biodegradation was analyzed by using two parameters that are BOD and test material analysis by HPLC .The initial concentration of read across chemical was 100 mg/L. After 4 weeks of incubation percent biodegradation of read across chemical 1-amino-2-bromo-4-hydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione was observed to be 1.0 % by BOD parameter 0.0 % by test material analysis by HPLC parameter.Therefore it is concluded that read across chemical 1-amino-2-bromo-4-hydroxy-9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione is not readily biodegradable.

In another supporting weight of evidence study from authoritative database (J Check, 2017) of read across chemical 2,2'-dichloro-4,4'-methylenedianiline (CAS no. 101-14-4) biodegradation test was carried out by taking activated sludge as inoculums at 30 mg/L concentration. Biodegradation was analyzed by using two parameters that are O2 consumption (BOD) and test material analysis by HPLC. The initial concentration of read across chemical was 100 mg/L and equipment used in study was of standard type. After four weeks (28 days) of incubation read across chemical 2,2'-dichloro-4,4'-methylenedianiline undergoes 0.0 % degradation by O2 consumption (BOD) parameter and 1.0 % degradation by test material analysis by HPLC parameter. Thus based on percent biodegradability it is concluded that read across chemical 2,2'-dichloro-4,4'-methylenedianiline is not readily biodegradable.

On the basisof above results for target chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone (CAS no. 81-42-5) from OECD tool box v.3.3 and EPI suite and for its read across chemicals from authoritative database (J Check, 2017) the target chemical 1,4-diamino-2,3-dichloroanthraquinone (CAS no. 81-42-5) is expected to be not readily biodegrdable.