Octadecylnaphthalene

Short-term toxicity to fish

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Remarks:

study on C12 naphthalene

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

from 21 January 2013 to April 11, 2013

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: guidance test with GLP compliance

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Commission Regulation (EC) No 440/2008 of 30 May 2008, Part C: Methods for the determination of ecotoxicity, Publication No. L142, C.1. "Acute Toxicity for Fish".

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO 7346-1 (Determination of the Acute Lethal Toxicity of Substances to a Freshwater Fish [Brachydanio rerio Hamilton-Buchanan (Teleostei, Cyprinidae)] - Part 1: Static Method)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Guidance document on aquatic toxicity testing of difficult substances and mixtures, OECD series on testing and assessment number 23, December 14, 2000.

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
no data

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Frequency: at t=0 h, t=24 h and t=96 h
Volume: 1 ml
Storage: Samples were stored in a freezer until analysis

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Preparation of test solutions
All test solutions were individually prepared. Preparation of test solutions started with loading rates that were magnetically stirred for one day to ensure reaching maximum dissolution in test medium. This resulted in clear solutions containing a floating layer. Consequently, these were left to settle fo
another day after which the clear and colourless Water Accommodated Fractions (WAFs) were collected by means of siphoning. The final test solutions were all clear and colourless.

Test organisms (species):

Cyprinus carpio

Details on test organisms:

Species:Carp (Cyprinus carpio, Teleostei, Cyprinidae) Linnaeus, 1758
Source: Zodiac, proefacc, "De Haar Vissen", Wageningen University and Research Centre, The Netherlands
Mean length: Range-finding test: 2.3 ± 0.1 cm, Final test: 2.3 ± 0.2 cm
Mean weight: Range-finding test: 0.31 ± 0.07 g, Final test: 0.20 ± 0.07 g
Characteristics: F1 from a single parent-pair bred in UV-treated water
Total fish used: 23

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

yes

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Hardness:

180 mg CaCO3 per litre

Test temperature:

21.3-22.1 °C

pH:

7.5-7.8

Dissolved oxygen:

7.0-9.7 mg/l

Salinity:

no data

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal: A WAF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l
measured: 0.020 mg/l

Details on test conditions:

Controls: Test medium without test substance or other additives
Test vessels: 6.5 litres, all-glass, containing 4 litres of test solution
Test medium: Adjusted ISO medium with a hardness of 180 mg CaCO3 per litre and a pH of 7.7 ± 0.3
Number of fish: 7 per concentration
Loading: 0.35 g fish/litre, i.e. 7 fish per 4 litres of test medium
Illumination: 16 hours photoperiod daily
Aeration: The test media were not aerated during the test
Feeding: No feeding from 24 hours prior to the test and during the total test period
Introduction of fish: Within 10 minutes after preparation of the test media from a holding tank with comparable water quality parameters and pH and temperature differences between test and holding tank media of less than 0.5 unit and 0.5 °C
Euthanasia: At the end of the test the surviving fish were rapidly killed by exposing them to ca. 1.2 % ethylene glycol monophenylether in water

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

pentachlorophenol (PCP)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

NOELR

Effect conc.:

100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 0.02 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (arithm. mean)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Details on results:

Analysis of the samples taken from the WAF prepared at 100 mg/l showed measured concentrations ranging between 22.5 and 33.5 µg/l for peak 1. For peak 2 concentrations measured ranged between 16.1 and 24.6 µg/l. The average exposure concentration was based on the measured concentrations of peak 2, being a worst-case approach (lowest concentrations measured). The average measured concentration corresponded with 20 µg/l.
No effects were observed at the limit concentration tested.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

The 96 h-LC50 for carp exposed to PCP was 0.17 mg/l (95 % confidence interval between 0.15 and 0.27 mg/l). The range of the 96 h-LC50 for carp is generally between 0.10 and 0.46 mg/l based on historical data of reference tests performed approximately every 3 months from April 1988 until the end of 2000, and annually since then. Hence, the sensitivity of carp originating from the present batch for PCP falls within the range of sensitivities generally observed during the past years.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

No statistical anaysis was used because the test substance proved to be non-toxic (LC50 > maximum soluble concentration).

Sublethal observations / clinical signs:

Range-finding test

Based on these results samples taken from the WAF prepared at 100 mg/l were analysed. The concentrations measured based on peak 1 were 4.8, 19.4 and 24.2 µg/l at the start, after 24 hours and after 96 hours, respectively. Based on peak 2 concentrations measured were <4.0, 13.3 and 8.2 µg/l at the start, after 24 hours and after 96 hours, respectively. It was unknown why the concentration measured at the start of the test was lower than what was measured at later time points. A sample taken from the WAF prepared at 10 mg/l showed a slightly higher concentration of 11.9 (peak 1) and 8.5 µg/l (peak 2) at the study start. The LC50 exceeded the limit of solubility in test medium with an expected actual concentration of approximately 10-20 µg/l.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The 96 h-LC50 exceeded 0.020 mg/l, being the average measured exposure concentration in a WAF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l.

Executive summary:

The fish acute toxicity test was performed according to OECD guideline No. 203 under GLP compliance. The result showed the test substance induced no visible or lethal effects in carp at 0.020 mg/l, being the average measured exposure concentration in a WAF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l (NOELR). The 96 h-LC50 exceeded 0.020 mg/l, being the average measured exposure concentration in a WAF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l (LL50).

 

Reference 2

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across source

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

read-across: supporting information

Remarks:

read-across details

Dose descriptor:

LL50

Effect conc.:

> 100 mg/L

Remarks on result:

not measured/tested

Remarks:

based on read-across

Conclusions:

Based on read-across it is concluded that the LL50 of the substance is >100 mg/L

Description of key information

In a study on the analogue the 96 h-LC50 exceeded 0.020 mg/l, being the average measured exposure concentration in a WAF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l.

The LL50 is 100 mg/L.

The data on the analogue can be used as read-across to assess the toxicity towards fish (see section 13)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water fish

Fresh water fish

Effect concentration:

100 mg/L

Additional information

The fish acute toxicity test was performed according to OECD guideline No. 203 under GLP compliance. The result showed the test substance induced no visible or lethal effects in carp at 0.020 mg/l, being the average measured exposure concentration in a WAF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l (NOEC). The 96 h-LC50 exceeded 0.020 mg/l, being the average measured exposure concentration in a WAF prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/l.