Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-)

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Short term toxicity to fish:

Based on prediction using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on fish was predicted for Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9). Based on the mortality of fishes, the LC50 value was estimated to be 133.83 mg/l for Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri) for 96hrs of duration. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) is considered to be nontoxic to aquatic environment and not classified as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.  

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates:

Based on the prediction using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the nine closest read across substances, toxicity on daphnia magna was predicted Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9). Based on the mobility of test organism the EC50 value was estimated to be 365.63 mg/l when Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) exposed to daphnia magna for 48 hrs. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) is considered to be nontoxic to aquatic environment and cannot classified as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.         

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, toxicity on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) was predicted for Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate (1-) (16143-80-9). Based on the growth rate inhibition of algae, the EC50 value was estimated to be 683.08 mg/l when Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) exposed to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata for 72hrs. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate (1-) (16143-80-9) is considered to be nontoxic to aquatic environment and cannot classified as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.      

Toxicity to microorganisms:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the seven closest read across substances, toxicity on microorganism Tetrahymena pyriformis predicted for Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9). Based on the effect on growth, the IGC50 value was estimated to be 904 mg/l when Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) exposed to Tetrahymena pyriformis for 48hrs. Thus based on the IGC50, chemical was consider as nontoxic.   

Additional information

Summarized result for the determination of nature of chemical Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) on the growth and other biological and physical activity of fish, aquatic invertebrates, algae and cyanobacteria and microorganisms when chemical comes in contact with test organisms, by considering the data for target as well as structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals which are as follows: 

Short term toxicity to fish:

Based on the various predicted data for the target chemical and experimental data for structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals study have been reviewed to determine the toxic nature of target chemical Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) on the mortality of fish. The studies are as mentioned below:  

In a prediction done by SSS (2018) using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on fish was predicted for Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9). Based on the mortality of fishes, the LC50 value was estimated to be 133.83 mg/l for Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri) for 96hrs of duration. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9)is considered to be nontoxic to aquatic environment and not classified as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.  

First predicted study was supported by the second experimental supporting study for the structurally closest read across chemical (4680-78-7) from peer reviewed journal (The Journal of Toxicological Sciences, 1982) Short term toxicity study to Oryzias latipes (Himedaka) was carried out for 48 hrs. The study was based on the effects of the test compound on Oryzias latipes in a static fresh water system at a temperature of 25°C. Oryzias latipes (Himedaka) was used as a test organism. Test substance solution was prepared by dissolving the chemical in water and neutralized with 0.01 N NaOH or HCl, if necessary. Himedaka of the same age (about 2 cm in length, 0.2 g in weight) were chosen for the study. Test organism Oryzi as latipes was acclimated for 10 days in the tap water before experiment. TLm test was carried out according to the procedure of Japan Industrial Standards. 10 fish of Himedaka per one trial were kept in 2 liter of deionized water at 25°C and, after 24 or 48 hrs, lethal concentration of 50% fish was determined. For chemical, Hydrogen (ethyl)[4-[α-[4-[ethyl(3-sulphonatobenzyl)amino] phenyl]benzylidene]cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene](3-sulphonatobenzyl) ammonium, sodium salt, based on effect on mortality of the test organism Oryzias latipes (Himedaka),the 24 and 48 hrs LC50 value was determined to be 1000 and 990 mg/l, respectively. Thus based on the LC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance Hydrogen (ethyl)[4-[α-[4-[ethyl(3-sulphonatobenzyl) amino]phenyl]benzylidene] cyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene](3-sulphonatobenzyl) ammonium, sodium salt was not toxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Similarly by considering another read across chemical Phthalimide (1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione) (85-41-6) from authoritative database j-check 2018 study supports the nontoxic nature of chemical. Acute Toxicity Test of Phthalimide (1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione)to Oryzias latipes was conducted by providing the total exposure period of 96 hrs. Test conducted according to the OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test). Control, 55.6 mg/L, 100.0 mg/L nominal concentrations were used and study conducted under semi-static conditions. 10 organism per concentration added. After the exposure effect were measured. Based on the mortality of test organism fish Oryzias latipes due to the exposure of chemical Phthalimide (1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione), the LC50 was determine to be 100 mg/l. As the chemical was readily biodegradable in water thus it was consider as nontoxic and not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Based on the predicted data for the target chemical Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) and for the read across chemical from peer reviewed journal (The Journal of Toxicological Sciences, 1982) and authoritative database j-check 2018, it can be concluded that the Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) is considered to be nontoxic to aquatic environment (fish) and cannot be classified as per the CLP classification criteria.  

 

Short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates:

Based on the various predicted data for the target chemical and experimental data for structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals study have been reviewed to determine the toxic nature of target chemical Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) on the growth of aquatic invertebrates. The studies are as mentioned below:  

In a prediction done by SSS (2018) using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the nine closest read across substances, toxicity on daphnia magna was predicted Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9). Based on the mobility of test organism the EC50 value was estimated to be 365.63 mg/l when Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) exposed to daphnia magna for 48 hrs. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) is considered to be nontoxic to aquatic environment and cannot classified as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.         

 

First predicted study was supported by the second experimental supporting study for the structurally closest read across chemical (842-07-9) from lab report. Determination of the acute effect on the swimming ability of the Daphnia magna Straus was performed using OECD guideline 202. Limit test was conducted at 100 mg/l concentrations. The test substance was suspended in water. The daphnids were exposed to various concentrations of the test substance and compared to a control. Synthetic fresh water was used for culture and test purposes. M4 medium was used and aerated for approximately 24 h until saturation with oxygen is reached. Proper test conditions were maintained. No feeding during test was done. Measurement of temperature continuously during the whole test period in a separate vessel close the test vessels and measurement of pH and oxygen after 0h in an additional replicate without daphnids and after 48h in replicate 1 of each tested concentration were taken. The test substance was stirred in M4 medium for about 20 hours at 20 ± 2°C. Undissolved test substance was removed by filtration with a membrane filter. The test is fulfilled the validity criteria. From the experiment, it can be seen that, the EC 50 value for 1-phenylazo-2-naphthol (Sudan Orange 220) (CAS No.842-07-9) for daphnia magna was determined to be >100mg/l. Based on result, the 1-phenylazo-2-naphthol (Sudan Orange 220) (CAS No.842-07-9) was considered to be non toxic to aquatic invertebrates and considered to be not classified as per the CLP regulation.

Similarly by considering another read across chemical Phthalimide (1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione) (85-41-6) authoritative database j-check 2018 study supports the nontoxic nature of chemical. Acute Immobilization test of 1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (Phthalimide), to Daphnia magna was studied for 48 hrs. Test conducted according to the OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test). Test conducted under the static system. The concentrations range from 3.7, 6.7, 12.0, 21.6, 38.9, 70.0 mg/L along with control. Number of organisms per vessel was 20 per concentration i.e 5 per vessel. 16 hours light and 8 hour dark was the applied photoperiod. Based on the immobility of daphnia magna by the chemical Phthalimide, the EC50 was determine to be 20.8 mg/l. Thus on the basis of EC50, chemical was consider as toxic and classified but as the chemical was readily biodegradable in water thus on that criteria chemical Phthalimide concluded as nontoxic and cannot classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Based on the predicted data for the target chemical Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) and for the read across chemical from experimental lab report 2003 and authoritative database j-check 2018, it can be concluded that the Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) is considered to be nontoxic to aquatic environment (aquatic invertebrates) and cannot be classified as per the CLP classification criteria.  

 

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria:

Based on the various predicted data for the target chemical and experimental data for structurally and functionally similar read across chemicals study have been reviewed to determine the toxic nature of target chemical Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) on the growth of algae. The studies are as mentioned below:  

 

In a prediction done by SSS (2018) using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, toxicity on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata (previous names: Raphidocelis subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum) was predicted for Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate (1-) (16143-80-9). Based on the growth rate inhibition of algae, the EC50 value was estimated to be 683.08 mg/l when Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) exposed to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata for 72hrs. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate (1-) (16143-80-9) is considered to be nontoxic to aquatic environment and cannot classified as per the criteria mentioned in CLP regulation.      

 

First predicted study was supported by the second experimental supporting study for the structurally closest read across chemical Phthalimide (1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione) (85-41-6) authoritative database j-check 2018. Aim of this study was to determine the toxic nature of chemical Phthalimide (1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione) on the aquatic algae. Test conducted under static system for the 72 hrs of total incubation period with the chemical. Based on effect on growth rate of the test organism green algae, the 72 hr EC50 and NOEC value for chemical Phthalimide was determined to be > 150 and 1.1 mg/l and on the basis of areas under the growth curves, the 72 hr EC50 and NOEC value for Phthalimide was determined to be 62 and 6.5 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on the EC50 value (> 150 mg/l), it can be concluded that the substance Phthalimide can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus cannot be classified as hazardous as per the CLP criteria.

 

Similarly for same read across chemical Phthalimide (1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione) (85-41-6) from OECD SIDS Initial Assessment report study was conducted. Short term toxicity to Selenastrum capricornutum study was carried out for 72 hrs. The study was performed according to OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test). The study was based on the effects of the test compound Phthalimide on Selenastrum capricornutum in a static fresh water system at an average temperature of 22.1°C. Test chemical conc. used for the study were 0, 10.6, 19.1, 34.3, 61.7, 111.1 and 200.0 mg/l, respectively. 300 mL net triangle conical glass flask was used as a test vessel. The flasks were incubated in a shaking water bath at 22.1 degrees C with continuous illumination at 4000 - 5000 lux. Based on the effect on growth rate of the test organism Selenastrum capricornutum, the 72 hrs ErC50 and NOEC value was determined to be 161 and 10.7 mg/l, respectively. Thus, based on EC50 value, it can be concluded that the substance Phthalimide can be considered as non-toxic to aquatic organisms and thus cannot be classified as hazardous as per the CLP criteria.

Based on the predicted data for the target chemical Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) and for the read across chemical from authoritative database j-check 2018 and OECD SIDS Initial Assessment report, it can be concluded that the Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) is considered to be nontoxic to aquatic environment (aquatic algae and cyanobacteria) and cannot be classified as per the CLP classification criteria.  

Toxicity to microorganisms:

Summarized result for the toxicity of chemical Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) on the growth of microorganisms considering the predicted data for target chemical and experimental for structurally and functionally similar read across chemical.

In a prediction done by SSS (2018) using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the seven closest read across substances, toxicity on microorganism Tetrahymena pyriformis predicted for Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9). Based on the effect on growth, the IGC50 value was estimated to be 904 mg/l when Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O')ferrate(1-) exposed to Tetrahymena pyriformis for 48hrs. Thus based on the IGC50, chemical was consider as nontoxic.      

 

First predicted study was supported by the second experimental supporting study for the structurally closest read across chemical (842-07-9) from lab report. The Inhibition of Oxygen Consumption by Activated Sludge in the Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition test performed according to OECD Guideline 209 was determined for 1-phenylazo-2-naphthol (Sudan Orange 220). This test specifies a method for assessing the inhibitory effect of a test substance on the oxygen consumption rate of aerobic micro-organisms (activated sludge) after short-term exposure (30 or 180 min). The test results are reported as effective concentrations which indicate a respiration inhibition of 20, 50, and 80 % (EC20, EC50, and EC80) compared to a control assay without test substance. The EC20 is regarded as a limit value for possible toxic effects in wastewater treatment plants. The test concentration in biodegradation tests should not exceed the EC20.The EC-values are based on added nominal concentrations and not on analytically determined values. The nominal concentrations which indicate a respiration inhibition of 20, 50 and 80 % can be taken from the graph of the inhibition curve. The EC20 in the activated sludge respiration inhibition test is >100 mg/l. Disturbances in the biodegradation process of activated sludge are not to be expected if the test substance is correctly introduced into adapted wastewater treatment plants at low concentrations. Thus, based on the experiment the EC20, EC50 and EC80 was reported as >1000 mg/L in a 180 min. of exposure period on the basis of inhibition of oxygen consumption effect.

 

Thus based on the overall data from predicted source (SSS, 2018) and for experimental report for read across chemical (842-07-9), it can be concluded that the IGC50 value ranges from 900 mg/l to 1000 mg/l.

 

Thus based on the overall studies for the toxicity of chemical Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) on the growth of all tested organisms, it can be concluded that the Sodium tris(1,2-naphthoquinone 1-oximato-O,O') ferrate(1-) (16143-80-9) is considered to be nontoxic to aquatic environment and cannot be classified as per the CLP classification criteria.