Thiazolidine-2,4-dione

Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

The supporting QMRF report has been attached

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Prediction is done using QSAR Toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary discriptors.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 2,4-Thiazolidinedione
- Molecular formula: C3H3NO2S
- Molecular weight: 117.1277 g/mol
- Substance type: organic
- Physical state: Solid
- Smiles notation: C1C(=O)NC(=O)S1
- InChl: 1S/C3H3NO2S/c5-2-1-7-3(6)4-2/h1H2,(H,4,5,6)

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

72 h

Hardness:

No data

Test temperature:

21 deg.C

pH:

7.8-8.0

Dissolved oxygen:

No data

Salinity:

No data

Conductivity:

No data

Nominal and measured concentrations:

No data

Details on test conditions:

No data

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Key result

Duration:

72 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

110.96 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth rate

The prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following descriptors: EC50
Estimation method: Takes average value from the 5 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

(((((((((("a" or "b" or "c" )  and ("d" and ( not "e") )  )  and ("f" and ( not "g") )  )  and "h" )  and "i" )  and ("j" and ( not "k") )  )  and "l" )  and ("m" and ( not "n") )  )  and "o" )  and ("p" and "q" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acylation OR Acylation >> P450 Mediated Activation to Isocyanates or Isothiocyanates OR Acylation >> P450 Mediated Activation to Isocyanates or Isothiocyanates >> Thiazolidinediones by DNA binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acylation AND Acylation >> Ester aminolysis AND Acylation >> Ester aminolysis >> Amides by Protein binding by OASIS v1.3

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acylation AND Acylation >> Direct Acylation Involving a Leaving group AND Acylation >> Direct Acylation Involving a Leaving group >> Acetates by Protein binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.3

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as AN2 OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition on alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition on alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds >> Four- and Five-Membered Lactones OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation after aldehyde release OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation after aldehyde release >> Specific Acetate Esters OR Non-covalent interaction OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> DNA Intercalators with Carboxamide Side Chain OR Radical OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation >> Specific Acetate Esters OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after diazonium or carbenium ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Acylation OR SN2 >> Acylation >> Specific Acetate Esters OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related >> Epoxides and Aziridines OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Derivatives OR SN2 >> Alkylation, ring opening SN2 reaction OR SN2 >> Alkylation, ring opening SN2 reaction >> Four- and Five-Membered Lactones OR SN2 >> Direct acylation involving a leaving group OR SN2 >> Direct acylation involving a leaving group >> Acyl Halides OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon atom OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon atom >> Specific Acetate Esters OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or Csp2 OR SN2 >> SN2 attack on activated carbon Csp3 or Csp2 >> Nitroarenes with Other Active Groups by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.3

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Not possible to classify according to these rules by DPRA Lysine peptide depletion

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as High reactive OR High reactive >> Acrylic acid esters by DPRA Lysine peptide depletion

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No superfragment by Superfragments ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as High (Class III) by Toxic hazard classification by Cramer (original) ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by Protein binding alerts for Chromosomal aberration by OASIS v1.1

Domain logical expression index: "k"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as AN2 OR AN2 >> Michael addition to alpha, beta-unsaturated acids and esters OR AN2 >> Michael addition to alpha, beta-unsaturated acids and esters >> alpha, beta - Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids and Esters OR AN2 >> Thiocarbamoylation of protein nucleophiles OR AN2 >> Thiocarbamoylation of protein nucleophiles >> Isothiocyanates by Protein binding alerts for Chromosomal aberration by OASIS v1.1

Domain logical expression index: "l"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Bioavailable by Lipinski Rule Oasis ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "m"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Non-Metals by Groups of elements

Domain logical expression index: "n"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Alkali Earth OR Metalloids by Groups of elements

Domain logical expression index: "o"

Similarity boundary:Target: O=C1CSC(=O)N1
Threshold=10%,
Dice(Atom centered fragments)
Atom type; Count H attached; Hybridization

Domain logical expression index: "p"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= -1.1

Domain logical expression index: "q"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 1.11

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

Using OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 the median Effective concentration (EC50) value for test chemical 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione i.e 2,4-Thiazolidinedione on Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata in a 72 hour study was estimated to be 110.96 mg/L on the basis of effects on growth rate.

Executive summary:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on aquatic algae and cyanobacteria was predicted for target substance 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione i.e 2,4-Thiazolidinedione (CAS no. 2295-31-0). EC50 value was estimated to be 110.96 mg/l for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata for 72 h duration. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione i.e 2,4-Thiazolidinedione (CAS no. 2295-31-0) is considered to be non toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Description of key information

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on aquatic algae and cyanobacteria was predicted for target substance 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione i.e 2,4-Thiazolidinedione (CAS no. 2295-31-0). EC50 value was estimated to be 110.96 mg/l for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata for 72 h duration. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione i.e 2,4-Thiazolidinedione (CAS no. 2295-31-0) is considered to be non toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

EC50 for freshwater algae:

110.96 mg/L

Additional information

Two studies including predicted data from validated tools for short term toxicity to aquatic algae endpoint of test chemical 1, 3-thiazolidine-2, 4-dione i.e 2, 4-Thiazolidinedione (Cas no. 2295-31-0) were summarised as follows:

 

First data from prediction using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the six closest read across substances, which indicate the short term toxicity on aquatic algae and cyanobacteria was predicted for target substance 1, 3-thiazolidine-2, 4-dione i.e 2, 4-Thiazolidinedione (Cas no. 2295-31-0). EC50 value was estimated to be 110.96 mg/l for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata for 72 h duration. Based on this value it can be concluded that the substance 1, 3-thiazolidine-2, 4-dione i.e 2, 4-Thiazolidinedione (Cas no. 2295-31-0) is considered to be non toxic to aquatic environment and can be considered to be not classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

 

Similarly prediction by EPI suite, ECOSAR version 1.1, on the basis of similarity of structure to chemicals for which the aquatic toxicity has been previously measured by structure-activity relationships (SARs) program suggest on the basis of effects observed in a static freshwater system, the effect concentration EC50 value for the substance is estimated to be 1576.864 mg/l for green algae for 96 h duration. Based on this value, it can be concluded that the test chemical 1, 3-thiazolidine-2, 4-dione i.e 2, 4-Thiazolidinedione (Cas no. 2295-31-0) can be considered as non-toxic to green algae at environmentally relevant concentrations and can be considered not-classified as per the CLP classification criteria.

Thus based on the both predicted effect concentrations which is in the range 110.96 mg/l to 1576.864 mg/l of target come to the conclusion that test substance 1, 3-thiazolidine-2, 4-dione i.e 2, 4-Thiazolidinedione (Cas no. 2295-31-0) was likely to be non toxic to aquatic algae as it not exceed the classification criteria of aquatic toxicity as per the CLP.