1,2-dichloro-3-nitrobenzene

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

other: peer-reviewed data from OECD SIDS 2002

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

documentation insufficient for assessment

Vehicle:

yes

Remarks:

DMSO: HCO-40 = 9:1

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

0.06 mg/L

Conc. based on:

not specified

Basis for effect:

not specified

Remarks on result:

other: reported as ppm w/v

Duration:

21 h

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.06 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

not specified

Conc. based on:

not specified

Basis for effect:

not specified

Remarks on result:

other: reported as ppm w/v

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Executive summary:

No observed effect concentration (maximum) for 21 days: NOEC< 0.06 mg/L (w/v). (Reported as ppm w/v).

First (lowest) observed effect concentration (minimum) for 21 days LOEC= 0.06 mg/L (w/v). (Reported as ppm w/v).

Reference 2

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

other information

Reliability:

4 (not assignable)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

documentation insufficient for assessment

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Method: other: UBA-Verfahrensvorschlag (vorläeufiger) "Verläengerter Toxizitäetstest bei Daphnia magna" (Bestimmung der NOEC fuer Reproduktionsrate, Mortalitaet und den Zeitpunkt des ersten Auftretens von Nachkommen; 21d) (01.02.1984)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

> 0.1 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

highest conc. tested; nominal conc.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Executive summary:

Kühn, 1989

In a 21 d toxicity test, a NOEC of >0.1 mg/L (highest tested concentration) was determined for Daphnia magna. 

Reference 3

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

other: applicant's summary entry

Adequacy of study:

other information

Reliability:

other: applicant's summary entry

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: No reliability is given as this is an applicant's summary entry for a variety of studies.

Principles of method if other than guideline:

applicant's summary entry

GLP compliance:

not specified

Deneer et al., 1989

Rel. 2: National guideline study. Basic data given.

Method:

A 21-day IC50 value for Daphnia magna was determined following the NEN 6502 (1980) semi-static procedure, feeding the daphnids 3x10E8 cells/l/d of the green algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Test concentrations increased geometrically with a factor of 3.2. IC50 values were calculated according to Kooyman (1981) on the basis of added amounts of test material. The length after 21 days of exposure of all surviving parent daphnids was determined using a binocular equipped with an oculary micrometer. The length of the animals was measured from the top of the head to the base of the caudal spine.

The population growth constant (r_m) of Daphnia magna was determined in a semi-static test over a 21-day period as outlined by Van Leeuwen et al., (1985), but using 10 daphnids per concentration, and one animal per jar containing 50 ml medium.

The concentration causing a significant (P<0.01) lowering of r_mand length between treatments and control (LRCT(r_m) and LRCT(length), respectively) was determined using Williams procedure (Williams, 1971, 1972).

All tests with Daphna magna were carried out in rooms at 20 ± 0.5°C, which were illuminated 12 h/day. A synthetic test medium was used (NPR 6503,1980) with a hardness of 200 mg/l as CaCO3 and a pH of 8.4 ± 0.1. The medium was saturated with air prior to use. All daphnids used were < 24 h old at the start of the experiment. Mortality of daphnids in controls never exceeded 10%.

Results:

21-day IC50 = 3.5 mg/l, based on mobility

21-day LRCT(r_m) = 1.8 mg/l (=> lowest concentration tested that significantly degreased the intrinsic growth rate (r_m) of D. magna populations)

21-day LRCT(length) = 1.0 mg/l (=> lowest concentration tested that significantly degreased the length of D. magna after 21 days of exposure)

 

Maas-Diepeveen and van Leeuwen, 1986

Rel. 2: National guideline study. Basic data given.

Method:

In order to consider effects on reproduction and growth of 2,3-dichloronitrobenzene, long-term experiments were carried out on Daphnia magna. In order to determine effects on the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r_m) of D. magna, chronic tests were conducted as described by Van Leeuwen et al. (1985). For each concentration, however, 10 daphnids were used, one animal per jar containing 50 ml medium. 21 -day LC50 experiments were carried out according to NEN 6502 (1980), using a food concentration of 3 x 10E8 Chlorella pyrenoidosa cells/l/day. LC50 values were determined using the method described by Kooyman (1981). The mean size of daphnids was determined from treatments and controls and differences were tested using Williams procedure (1971, 1972). 2,3-dichloronitrobenzene used in the test had a purity of >98%. The stock solution was prepared in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO; Merck, purity 99%).

Results:

21-day LC50 = 3.5 mg/l (95%C.L. 3.4-3.6)

21-day LRCT(r_m) = 1.8 mg/l

21-day LRCT(length) = 1.0 mg/l

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Description of key information

For transported isolated intermediates according to Reach, Annex XVIII, this endpoint is not a data requirement. However, data is available for this endpoint and is thus reported under the guidance of "all available data".

Deneer et al., 1989

Rel. 2: National guideline study. Basic data given.

Method:

A 21-day IC50 value for Daphnia magna was determined following the NEN 6502 (1980) semi-static procedure, feeding the daphnids 3x10E8 cells/l/d of the green algae Chlorella pyrenoidosa. Test concentrations increased geometrically with a factor of 3.2. IC50 values were calculated according to Kooyman (1981) on the basis of added amounts of test material. The length after 21 days of exposure of all surviving parent daphnids was determined using a binocular equipped with an oculary micrometer. The length of the animals was measured from the top of the head to the base of the caudal spine.

The population growth constant (r_m) of Daphnia magna was determined in a semi-static test over a 21-day period as outlined by Van Leeuwen et al., (1985), but using 10 daphnids per concentration, and one animal per jar containing 50 ml medium.

The concentration causing a significant (P<0.01) lowering of r_mand length between treatments and control (LRCT(r_m) and LRCT(length), respectively) was determined using Williams procedure (Williams, 1971, 1972).

All tests with Daphna magna were carried out in rooms at 20 ± 0.5°C, which were illuminated 12 h/day. A synthetic test medium was used (NPR 6503,1980) with a hardness of 200 mg/l as CaCO3 and a pH of 8.4 ± 0.1. The medium was saturated with air prior to use. All daphnids used were < 24 h old at the start of the experiment. Mortality of daphnids in controls never exceeded 10%.

Results:

21-day IC50 = 3.5 mg/l, based on mobility

21-day LRCT(r_m) = 1.8 mg/l (=> lowest concentration tested that significantly degreased the intrinsic growth rate (r_m) of D. magna populations)

21-day LRCT(length) = 1.0 mg/l (=> lowest concentration tested that significantly degreased the length of D. magna after 21 days of exposure)

 

Maas-Diepeveen and van Leeuwen, 1986

Rel. 2: National guideline study. Basic data given.

Method:

In order to consider effects on reproduction and growth of 2,3-dichloronitrobenzene, long-term experiments were carried out on Daphnia magna. In order to determine effects on the intrinsic rate of natural increase (r_m) of D. magna, chronic tests were conducted as described by Van Leeuwen et al. (1985). For each concentration, however, 10 daphnids were used, one animal per jar containing 50 ml medium. 21 -day LC50 experiments were carried out according to NEN 6502 (1980), using a food concentration of 3 x 10E8 Chlorella pyrenoidosa cells/l/day. LC50 values were determined using the method described by Kooyman (1981). The mean size of daphnids was determined from treatments and controls and differences were tested using Williams procedure (1971, 1972). 2,3-dichloronitrobenzene used in the test had a purity of >98%. The stock solution was prepared in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO; Merck, purity 99%).

Results:

21-day LC50 = 3.5 mg/l (95%C.L. 3.4-3.6)

21-day LRCT(r_m) = 1.8 mg/l

21-day LRCT(length) = 1.0 mg/l

 

Kühn, 1989

In a 21 d toxicity test, a NOEC of >0.1 mg/L (highest tested concentration) was determined for Daphnia magna.

 

OECD SIDS, 2002

Results:

21-day NOEC <0.06 mg/L

21-day LOEC =0.06 mg/L

 

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

mg/L