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EC number: 201-757-1 | CAS number: 87-61-6
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Genetic toxicity: in vitro
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Salmonella Mutagenicity Test results for 250 Chemicals
- Author:
- Haworth S, Lawlor T, Mortelmans K, Speck W, and Zeiger E
- Year:
- 1 983
- Bibliographic source:
- Environmental Mutagenesis Supplement 1:3-142
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Only 4 strain tested instead of 5. Positive control: 2-aminoantracene was only indicator of efficiency of S9-mix. Individual plate reading not reported.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
- EC Number:
- 204-428-0
- EC Name:
- 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
- Cas Number:
- 120-82-1
- Molecular formula:
- C6H3Cl3
- IUPAC Name:
- 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): 1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene
- Analytical purity: 97%
- Lot/batch No.: HC 060787
-Source: Radian Corporation, Austin, TX, USA
Constituent 1
Method
- Target gene:
- his
Species / strain
- Species / strain / cell type:
- other: Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537
- Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
- not specified
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- microsomal enzyme reaction mix (S9-mix)
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- 0.0, 3.3, 10.0, 33.3, 100.0, 333.3 ug/plate
- Vehicle / solvent:
- - Vehicle/solvent used: DMSO
Controls
- Untreated negative controls:
- no
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-aminoanthracene (2-AA): in all strains in presence of rat and hamster S-9. 4-Nitro-o-phenylenediamine (NOPD): on TA98, without S-9. sodium azide (SA) : on TA100 and TA 1535, without S-9. 9-aminoacridine (9-AAD) was tested on 1537, without S-9.
- Remarks:
- The actual concentration for each positive control chemical used for each strain and activation condition was selected by the individual laboratory based on dose-response curves generated at the beginning of the testing program (see table 1)
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: preincubation
DURATION
- Preincubation period: 20 min
- Exposure duration: 48h
- Selection time (if incubation with a selection agent): 48h
- Concentration of S9 mix: 10% for both Hamster S9 mix and Rat S9 mix
SELECTION AGENT (mutation assays): L- histidine
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 2 trial per strain and 3 dishes per dose
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: other: viability on complete medium and reduced numbers of revertant colonies per plate and/or thinning or absence of the bacterial lawn
- Evaluation criteria:
- A positive response was indicated by a reproducible, dose-related increase, whether it be twofold over background or not.
An equivocal response was defined as an increase in revertants which was not dose-related, not reproducible, or was of insufficient magnitude to support a determination of mutagenicity. A negative response was obtained when no increase in revertant colonies is observed following chemical treatment.
Results and discussion
Test results
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- not examined
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
RANGE-FINDING/SCREENING STUDIES: to select the dose range for the mutagenesis assay, the test chemicals were checked for toxicity to TA 100 up to a concentration of 10 mg/plate or the limit of solubility, both in the presence and absence of S-9 mix. If toxicity was not apparent in the preliminary toxicity determination, the highest dose tested was 10 mg/plate; otherwise the upper limit of solubility was used. If toxicity was observed, the doses of test chemical were chosen so that the high dose exhibited some degree of toxicity. Occasionally, in the earlier tests, the high dose was greater than 10 mf/plate.
- Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'. Remarks: Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, TA 1537
Any other information on results incl. tables
| TA 100 | TA 1535 | TA 1537 | TA 98 | ||||||||
Dose | NA | RLI | HLI | NA | RLI | HLI | NA | RLI | HLI | NA | RLI | HLI |
0.0 | 124±9.9 | 138±7.0 | 131±7.3 | 25±6.0 | 12±2.9 | 14±0.9 | 11±2.7 | 20±0.3 | 26±3.5 | 25±2.4 | 22±5.0 | 35±3.4 |
3.3 | 122±13.2 | 122±9.7 | 114±4.1 | 17±1.7 | 10±2.2 | 16±2.0 | 8±2.1 | 15±3.2 | 18±3.0 | 20±3.0 | 26±2.2 | 32±1.0 |
10.0 | 134±14.0 | 131±7.5 | 122±7.2 | 20±4.6 | 14±0.3 | 13±0.3 | 12±1.3 | 14±3.5 | 22±3.0 | 16±4.8 | 24±1.7 | 31±3.2 |
33.3 | 91±3.8 | 131±11.6 | 135±10.6 | 17±2.3 | 14±2.9 | 16±1.5 | 6±1.3 | 13±3.8 | 18±1.5 | 20±0.7 | 23±3.7 | 32±5.1 |
100.0 | 11± 6.9s | 91±6.4 | 124±10.2 | 0±0.0s | 8±1.5 | 14±3.8 | 0±0.0s | 11±1.8 | 21±3.3 | 10±2.9s | 27±0.6 | 31±2.0 |
333.3 | t | t | 80±2.8s | t | 4±2.2s | 6±0.7s | t | 0±0.0s | 6±1.0s | t | 6±3.2s | 18±6.2s |
POS | 550±8.1 | 596±29.5 | 556±9.5 | 438±5.3 | 334±51.3 | 367±6.2 | 163±24.0 | 287±3.6 | 467±13.0 | 474±16.3 | 388±25.1 | 934±19.9 |
Table 1 Mutagenic responses of Salmonella strains TA100, TA 1535, TA 1537, and TA 98 (mean±SEM) to 1,2,3-trochlorobenzene.
Abbreviations:NA, not activated; RLI, rat liver S-9, Aroclor1254 induced; HLI, hamster liver S-9, Aroclor1254 induced, t=complete clearing background, s=slight clearing of background lawn
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative with metabolic activation
negative without metabolic activation - Executive summary:
HaworthS, 1983
Ames test was performed with theSalmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98 and TA100 at 0, 3.3, 10, 33.3, 100, and 333.3µg 1,2,3-TCB/plate with and without S-9 from Aroclor 1254 induced rat and hamster livers using the preincubation procedure. Test doses were chosen following checks for toxicity: in the absence of toxicity a maximum of 10 mg/plate was used. 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene resulted to be not mutagenic.
The test was conducted according to OECD guideline 471 with deviations (Only 4 strains tested instead of 5. Positive control: 2-aminoantracene was only indicator of efficiency of S9-mix.Individual plate reading not reported).
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