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Ecotoxicological information

Short-term toxicity to fish

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to fish
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: GLP-compliant, guideline study available as an unpublished report. No restrictions, fully adequate for assessment.

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
study report
Title:
Unnamed
Year:
2012
Report date:
2012

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Diamminedichloropalladium
EC Number:
238-269-3
EC Name:
Diamminedichloropalladium
Cas Number:
14323-43-4
Molecular formula:
Cl2H6N2Pd
IUPAC Name:
Diamminedichloropalladium
Test material form:
solid: particulate/powder
Remarks:
migrated information: powder
Details on test material:
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Diamminedichloropalladium (II)
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): Cl2H6N2Pd
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): 211.39 g/mole
- Physical state: yellow powder
- Analytical purity: >99.5%
- Composition of test material, percentage of components: 50.33% Palladium
- Lot/batch No.: 11011
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 31 October 2012
- Storage condition of test material: Room temperature (15 - 30°C)

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:
yes
Details on sampling:
Duplicate samples of 20 mL where taken from fresh media at test start (before addition of fish), at 48 hours from aged test solution and newly prepared solution and at test end. Samples were filtered (0.45 µm filter) and acidified with 200 µL nitric acid per sample. Samples were stored at 4°C and tested within 24 hours.

Test solutions

Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
Stock solutions were prepared by dissolving adequate amounts of test item in purified drinking water (filtered through activated charcoal, passed through a limestone column and aerated) and stirring for one hour. Stock solution was further diluted to achieve final test concentrations.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):
Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Rainbow trout
- Source: Sauerländer Forellen GmbH, Saalhauser Straße 8, 57368 Lennestadt-Gleierbrück, Germany
- Length at study initiation: 5.0 - 5.9 cm, mean 5.4 cm
- Weight at study initiation: 1.30 - 2.32 g, mean 1.66 g
- Feeding during test: None from 24 hours before test start

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same as test
- Type and amount of food: Fed ad libitum, type not specified
- Feeding frequency: ad libitum
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): Less than 5% during the last week before the study

Study design

Test type:
semi-static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
96 h

Test conditions

Hardness:
Ar start of test: 1.0 mmol/L
Test temperature:
15.1 - 15.9 °C
pH:
8.0 - 8.5
Dissolved oxygen:
90 -110% staturation
Salinity:
Not relevant
Nominal and measured concentrations:
Nominal: Control, 124, 248, 497, 993 and 1987 µg/L diamminedichloropalladium, corresponding to 62.5, 125, 250, 500 and 1000 µg/L palladium.
Mean (geometric) measured concentrations: Control, 93.2, 188, 409, 757 and 1636 µg/L diamminedichloropalladium, corresponding to Control, 46.9, 94.6, 206, 381 and 823 µg/L palladium.
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Aquarium
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: Glass, 28 L with 20 L of test solution
- Aeration: slightly aerated via a glass capillary
- Renewal rate of test solution: test solutionm replaced after 48 hours
- No. of organisms per vessel: 7
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: purified drinking water (filtered through activated charcoal, passed through a limestone column and aerated)
- Conductivity: 180 µS/cm
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: daily for temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen; palladium concentrations at 0, 48 and 96 hours

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 14 hours light: 10 hours dark

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : mortality, sub-lethal and behavioural signs recorded at 3, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2
- Range finding study: Yes
- Test concentrations: 19.9, 1999 and 1987 µg/L diamminedichloropalladium, corresponding to 10, 100 and 1000 µg/L palladium
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: All fish dead at 1000 µg/L palladium
Reference substance (positive control):
not specified

Results and discussion

Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC10
Effect conc.:
180 µg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (geom. mean)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Remarks:
diamminedichloropalladium
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
306 µg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (geom. mean)
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Remarks:
diamminedichloropalladium
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: 95% CL 203 - 443
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC10
Effect conc.:
90.4 µg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (geom. mean)
Conc. based on:
element
Remarks:
palladium
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
154 µg/L
Nominal / measured:
meas. (geom. mean)
Conc. based on:
element
Remarks:
palladium
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: 95% CL 102 - 223
Details on results:
- Behavioural abnormalities: hectic swimming observed in all fish at 3 hours at 1636 µg/L diamminedichloropalladium, 4 fish inactive and 3 fish dead at 24 hours at 409 µg/L diamminedichloropalladium
- Other biological observations: 3 fish dead at 24 hours at 409 µg/L diamminedichloropalladium, 1 and 5 fish dead at 72 hours at 188 and 409 µg/L diamminedichloropalladium, respectively, all fish dead at 24 hours at 757 and 1636 µg/L diamminedichloropalladium
- Mortality of control: None
- Other adverse effects control: None
Reported statistics and error estimates:
LC values were determined together with 95% confidence intervals using Probit analysis assuming log-normal distribution.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Conclusions:
The 96 hour LC50 is 306 µg diamminedichloropalladium/L, corresponding to 154 µg Pd/L.
Executive summary:

A GLP compliant, OECD guideline study to assess the acute toxicity to Oncorrhynchus mykiss was carried out (Fraunhofer 2012). It is considered to be suitable for use as the key study for this endpoint.