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EC number: 201-557-4 | CAS number: 84-74-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: well documented and scientifically acceptable, but lacking testing guidelines
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 986
Materials and methods
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Dibutyl phthalate
- EC Number:
- 201-557-4
- EC Name:
- Dibutyl phthalate
- Cas Number:
- 84-74-2
- Molecular formula:
- C16H22O4
- IUPAC Name:
- dibutyl phthalate
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: feed
- Duration and frequency of treatment / exposure:
- 34-36 d
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0, 0.5, 5.0 % in powder diet
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- 5 males
- Control animals:
- yes
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
Body weight, expressed as a percent of each control, decreased gradually (Fig. 1). Organ weights are shown in Table 1. The relative weights of liver, kidney and spleen showed significant increases in the 5% diet group for DBP, whereas the respective substance in the 0.5% diet group elicited almost no change. The testicle weight was markedly decreased in the 5% diet group, but not in the 0.5% diet group. The succinate and pyruvate dehydrogenase activities in liver mitochondria were significantly inhibited with a 5% diet of DBP (Table 2). Such inhibitions were also observed at a 0.5% level of the compound. Glutamate dehydrogenate activity, however, was not affected in any of these groups. These results in mitochondria of DBP-treated rats corresponded well with our previous results).
The inhibitory effects of the compounds on succinate dehydrogenase activity were examined in vitro. DBP significantly inhibited activity in correspondence with its concentration in good accord with our previous results (Table 3). Serum biochemical results are shown in Table 5. The activities of ALP, GOT and GPT increased in rats that received high doses of DBP. Decreased globulin and increased A/G were observed in all groups. Increased CPK activity was found in the DBP group.
Histopathological changes and numbers of rats with such changes are shown in Table 6. The rats treated with DBP revealed abnormal changes in the liver and testicles. In the liver, cytotoxic injury including single cell necrosis, zonal necrosis and degeneration with balloning were observed in many of the rats that received high does of the compounds. Marked spermatogenic damage was seen in the testicles of the 5%-dose group.
Ultrastructural examination of hepatocells was carried out only on the high dose DBP and MBP groups. As shown in Table 7, the effects of DBP treatment were more extensive in increasing peroxisome, lysosome and mitochondria.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The rats treated with a 5% diet of DBP revealed growth depression, liver enlargement, testicular atrophy, decreased activities of succinate and pyruvate dehydrogenases in liver mitochondria, and abnormal changes in biochemical tests of serum and in histological examinations of the liver and testicle. These adverse effects were also observed in rats fed a 0.5% diet of the compound, although they were less severe.
The changes in hepatocellular ultrastructure were more prominent in rats treated with DBP than in those given MBP. The most striking difference between DBP and MBP was that DBP showed a potent inhibitory effect on succinate dehydrogenase activity in liver mitochondria in vitro, wherease MBP
showed no such effect. This difference was also observed in liver mitochondrial respiration in vitro.
It was suggested that the adverse effects of orally administered DBP at least on the liver may be caused partly by the direct action of intact DBP entering the liver. - Executive summary:
Rats were given a powder diet containing dibutyl phthalate (DBP), monobutyl phthalate (MBP), di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) or phthalic acid (PA) at a level of 0.5 or 5% for 34 to 36 days, respectively. Only the examinations of DBP are documented here, but cf. "overall remarks" for a comparison of the effects of the different substances.
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