5-amino-2-anilinobenzenesulphonic acid

Endpoint summary

Additional information

Biodegradation in water

Various predicted data for the test compoundBenzenesulfonic acid, 5 -amino-2 -(phenylamino)-(CAS No. 91-30-5) and for its read across substance were reviewed for the biodegradation end point which are summarized as below:

Estimation Programs Interface Suite (EPI suite, 2016) was run to predict the biodegradation potential of the test compound Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-(phenylamino)- (CAS no. 91 -30 -5) in the presence of mixed populations of environmental microorganisms. The biodegradability of the substance was calculated using seven different models such as Linear Model, Non-Linear Model, Ultimate Biodegradation Timeframe, Primary Biodegradation Timeframe, MITI LInear Model, MITI Non-Linear Model and Anaerobic Model (called as Biowin 1-7, respectively) of the BIOWIN v4.10 software. The results indicate that Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-(phenylamino)- is not expected to be readily biodegradable.

Biodegradation study of read across substance 4-Amino-1,1’-azobenzene-3,4'-disulfonic acid (acid yellow 9) (CAS no. 101-50-8) was performed using 15 differentStreptomyces spp. for 14 days (A. Paszcyzynski, et. al; 1991) . The test was performed using 15 differentStreptomyces spp.as an inoculum. The read across substance conc. used is 50 mg/l. EachStreptomyces spp. was grown in a cotton-plugged 250 ml flask containing 25 ml of the following medium: 0.2 M Tris buffer (pH 7.6) 100 ml, 1.0g vitamin-free Casamino acids, 100 µg thiamine, 100 µg biotin, 2 g D-glucose, 900 ml deionized wate. Thiamine, biotin, and D-glucose were filter sterilized and added to the autoclaved medium. The dye was filter sterilized and added at 0.005% (w/v) to the autoclaved basal medium. Cultures were incubated at 37ᵒC for 14 days with shaking (200 rev min¹). Three replicates for each strain grown in only the basal medium were incubated as well.Degradation of read across substance was determined by spectrophotometrically and by using HPLC.

The percentage biodegradation of read across substance was found to be 0% i.e; no degradation of test substance was observed by the 15 differentStreptomyces spp. Thus, the substance 4-Amino-1,1’-azobenzene-3,4'-disulfonic acid was determined to be non-biodegradable.

 

Biodegradation study was conducted for 14 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of read across substance 2-Amino-8-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid (CAS no. 90-51-7) (J-CHECK, 2016). Concentration of inoculum i.e, sludge used was 30 mg/l and initial substance conc. used in the study was 100 mg/l. The read across substance is determined to be 5.3 % biodegraded in water after 2 wk (14 days) on the basis of O2 consumption, BOD. 0.4% by TOC removal and <0 % by (UVVIS) parameters. Hence, the substance 2-Amino-8-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid is considered to be not readily biodegradable in water.

A closed bottle test according to OECD 301D guidelines was performed to determine the ready biodegradability of 7-Amino-4 hydroxy- 2 – naphthalenesulphonic acid (CAS no. 87-02-5) (GREIM H.; et. al, 1994). No degradation of read across chemical 7-Amino-4 hydroxy- 2 – naphthalenesulphonic acid was observed in 28 days. Therefore, the chemical was considered to be not readily biodegradable.

 

Biodegradation screening test was conducted for 14 days (2 weeks) for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of the read across substance 7-Amino-4 hydroxy- 2 - naphthalenesulphonic acid (CAS no. 87-20 -5) (J-CHECK, 2016). Concentration of inoculum i.e, sludge is 30 mg/l and initial substance conc. used in the study is 100 mg/l. The percentage degradation of read across substance is determined to be 6.3% by BOD, 8.4% by TOC and 0% by UV-VIS Thus, the substance 7-Amino-4 hydroxy- 2 - naphthalenesulphonic acid was considered to be not readily biodegradable in water.

 

A batch test in an open system was conducted for evaluating the biodegradability of 1-Naphthylamine-6-sulphonic acid (CAS no. 119-79-9) (P. Pitter, 1976). The compound was the sole source of organic carbon for the microbes of the inoculum. Degradation was studied by determining COD (organic carbon). The pH of the biological medium was 7.2. Initial concentration; 125 - 200mg/l COD. Inoculum; Activated sludge, adapted for 20 days, fed by glucose and peptone with simultaneous addition of the substance tested in the concentration up to 125 mg/l. The sludge age was 5 days. Concentration of the inoculum; 100mg/l. Average temperature during the experiment; 20°C. Under the test conditions the compound was evaluated to be biologically hard to decompose(non-biodegradable).

Biodegradation study was conducted for 28 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of read across substance 2-Amino-1,5-naphthalenedisulfonic acid (CAS no. 117-62-4) (J-CHECK, 2016). Concentration of inoculum i.e, sludge used was 30 mg/l and initial substance conc. used in the study was 100 mg/l. The percentage degradation of read across substance was determined to be 1% by BOD, 0% by HPLC and 5% by TOC removal in 28 days. Thus, the substance 2-Amino-1,5-naphthalenedisulfonic acid is not expected to be readily biodegradable in water.

 

Biodegradation study was conducted for 30 days for evaluating the percentage biodegradability of read across substance1,3-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 6-amino- (CAS no. 118-33-2) (GREIM H.; et. al, 1994). No degradation of read across substance was determined by BOD in 30 days. Thus, the substance1,3-Naphthalenedisulfonic acid, 6-amino- is not expected to be readily biodegradable in water.

On the basis of above results for target and read across substance, it can be concluded that the test substanceBenzenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-(phenylamino)- is likelyto be not readily biodegradable in nature.

Biodegradation in water and sediment

Estimation Programs Interface (EPI) Suite (2016) prediction model was run to predict the half-life in water and sediment for the test compound Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-(phenylamino)- (CAS No. 91 -30 -5). If released in to the environment, 17.6% of the chemical will partition into water according to the Mackay fugacity model level III and the half-life period of Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-(phenylamino)- in water is estimated to be 37.5 days (900 hrs). The half-life (37.5 days estimated by EPI suite) indicates that the chemical is not persistent in water and the exposure risk to aquatic animals is moderate to low whereas the half-life period of Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-(phenylamino)- in sediment is estimated to be 337.5 days (8100 hrs). However, as the percentage release of test chemical into the sediment is less than 1% (i.e, reported as 0.112%), indicates that Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-(phenylamino)- is not persistent in nature.

Biodegradation in soil

The half-life period of Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-(phenylamino)- (CAS No. 91 -30 -5) in soil was estimated using Level III Fugacity Model by EPI Suite version 4.1 estimation database (EPI suite, 2016). If released into the environment, 82.3% of the chemical will partition into soil according to the Mackay fugacity model level III. The half-life period of Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-(phenylamino)- in soil is estimated to be 75 days (1800 hrs). Based on this half-life value of Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-(phenylamino)-, it is concluded that the chemical is not persistent in the soil environment and the exposure risk to soil dwelling animals is moderate to low.

On the basis of available information, the test substance Benzenesulfonic acid, 5-amino-2-(phenylamino)- can be considered to be not readily biodegradable in nature.