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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
Remarks:
Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Data is from peer reviewed publication

Data source

Reference
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
Evaluation of Bensulide for Mutagenic Properties in Microbial Test System
Author:
Kenneth J. Andemen and Anthony J. Cutaia
Year:
1972
Bibliographic source:
J. Agric. Food Chem., 1972, 20 (3), pp 649–656

Materials and methods

Test guideline
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: as mentioned below
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Salmonella typhimurium mutagenicity assay was performed to evaluate the mutagenic nature of the test compound Diphenylacetonitrile
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of assay:
bacterial gene mutation assay

Test material

Constituent 1
Chemical structure
Reference substance name:
Diphenylacetonitrile
EC Number:
201-662-5
EC Name:
Diphenylacetonitrile
Cas Number:
86-29-3
Molecular formula:
C14H11N
IUPAC Name:
2,2-diphenylacetonitrile
Details on test material:
- Name of test material: Diphenylacetonitrile
- Molecular formula: C14H11N
- Molecular weight: 193.248 g/mol
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: No data available
Purity: 90 to 99%
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): No data available

Method

Target gene:
No data
Species / strain
Species / strain / cell type:
other: Salmonella typhimurium
Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):
Not applicable
Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
other: Histidine-requiring mutants
Metabolic activation:
not specified
Metabolic activation system:
No data
Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
No data available
Vehicle / solvent:
No data available
Controls
Untreated negative controls:
not specified
Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
not specified
True negative controls:
not specified
Positive controls:
yes
Positive control substance:
other: N-methyl-N’-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine and diethyl sulfate
Details on test system and experimental conditions:
METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)

DURATION
- Preincubation period: No data available
- Exposure duration: No data available
- Expression time (cells in growth medium): No data available
- Selection time (if incubation with a selection agent): No data available
- Fixation time (start of exposure up to fixation or harvest of cells): No data available

SELECTION AGENT (mutation assays): No data available
SPINDLE INHIBITOR (cytogenetic assays): No data available
STAIN (for cytogenetic assays): No data available

NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: No data available

NUMBER OF CELLS EVALUATED: No data available

DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: mitotic index; cloning efficiency; relative total growth; other: No data available

OTHER EXAMINATIONS:
- Determination of polyploidy: No data available
- Determination of endoreplication: No data available
- Other: No data available

OTHER: No data available
Evaluation criteria:
The rates of spontaneous reversion of the eight mutants to a form no longer requiring L-histidine for growth were also determined
Statistics:
No data available

Results and discussion

Test results
Species / strain:
other: Salmonella typhimurium
Metabolic activation:
not specified
Genotoxicity:
negative
Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
not specified
Vehicle controls validity:
not specified
Untreated negative controls validity:
not specified
Positive controls validity:
valid
Additional information on results:
No data available
Remarks on result:
other: all strains/cell types tested
Remarks:
Migrated from field 'Test system'.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
Interpretation of results (migrated information):
negative

The test compound Diphenylacetonitrile failed to induce mutation in the eight histidine requiring strains of Salmonella typhimurium and hence is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
Executive summary:

Salmonella typhimurium mutagenicity assay was performed to evaluate the mutagenic nature of the test compound Diphenylacetonitrile.

 

The bacteria were exposed to the test compound on petri plates which were prepared by mixing 0.2 ml of freshly grown cultures (2 x 10 bacteria per milliliter) of the mutants with 2 ml of 0.6% agar at 45°C. The soft agar, which contained a trace (0.20 µmol) of histidine as well as the bacterial inoculum, was then poured onto plates of histidine free minimal agar medium. Approximately 1 to 5 µL of liquid test chemicals or small crystals of solid test chemicals were applied directly to the surface of each plate after the top layer of agar, containing the mutant bacteria, had solidified.

 

The rates of spontaneous reversion of the eight mutants to form no longer requiring L-histidine for growth were also determined and was found to be low, ranging from 0 to 20 colonies per plate.

 

The test compoundDiphenylacetonitrile failed to induce mutation in the eight histidine requiring strains of Salmonella typhimurium and hence is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.