(Z)-N-(3-aminopropyl)-N'-9-octadecenylpropane-1,3-diamine

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Overview of the Key aquatic endpoints:

96h Fish LC50 = 0.431 mg/L (Triameen Y)

48h Daphnia EC50 = 0.0775 mg/L (Triameen Y)

21d Daphnia EC10 (parental) = 0.577 mg/L (Triameen OV, River water)

21d Daphnia EC50 (parental) = 0.684 mg/L (Triameen OV, Riverwater)

72h Algae ErC10 = 0.518 mg/L (Triameen OV, Riverwater)

72h Algae ErC50 = 1.09 mg/L (Triameen OV, Riverwater)

3h Micro-organism EC10 = 18 mg/L (Triameen OV)

3h Micro-organism EC50 = 115 mg/L (Triameen OV)

Additional information

Oleyl dipropylene triamine (CAS no.: 28872-01-7) has a low water solubility and also has a strong tendency to adsorb to negatively charged surfaces such as suspended matter, algae and test vessels or organic material (including dissolved organic matter such as humic acids). Many cationic substances in general but long chain alkyl polyamines in particular rank among the most difficult substances to test in environmental toxicology. Standard guideline studies are inappropriate to test substances with such properties and the current REACH Guidance Documents do not provide sufficient guidance concerning bioavaibility and exposure assessment for cationic surface-active substances like the polyamines as these were written with normal hydrophobic chemicals in mind, failing to take into account the lack of bioavailability that occurs in the environment with cationic surface-active substances.

The aquatic ecotoxicity tests with polyamines were therefore performed in river water to allow a PECaquatic,bulk/PNECaquatic,bulk approach and is considered to be conservative but more environmentally realistic than the standard method. This approach is based on PEC estimations representing 'total aquatic concentrations'. To characterize the risk to the aquatic compartment the PECaquatic,bulk is compared with the PNECaquatic,bulk derived from river water ecotoxicity studies (ECETOC, 2003).

 

It should be noted that results from bulk approach tests should be evaluated differently than standard laboratory toxicity studies.

In order to class standard laboratory toxicity study valid, it is of particular importance that – besides information on test substance, test method / conditions and test organism used – suitable precautions are taken to prevent the loss of test substance by adsorption and that exposure concentrations are based upon measured levels.

For ecotoxicity tests performed using the bulk approach, however, adsorption to suspended matter and DOC is acceptable and only adsorption to glassware should be accounted for. For a valid bulk approach test the concentration-effect relationship should be based on the sum of adsorbed and dissolved substance in the volume of the medium tested. One of the advantages of the bulk approach tests with these difficult substances is that in the presence of suspended matter, humic acids and/or algae, the residual sorption to glassware will be minimal. The results of these bulk approach tests are therefore much easier to interpret, more realistic, and if compared to PECbulk clearly provide a more appropriate assessment of risks for the environment.

 

For oleyl triamine (CAS no.:28872-01-7) a long term daphnia and algae growth inhibition test result have been performed with specific chemical analysis of the test substance. Because of the use of the bulk approach the tests have been performed in natural river water.

The long term daphnia test gave a 21d NOEC of 0.81 mg/L for reproduction. The EC10 and EC50 observed for adult daphnia mortality were 0.577 and 0.684 mg/L.

The algae test gave a 72h ErC10 and ErC50 for algae growth inhibition of 0.518 and 1.09 mg/L.

 

In addition to the long term daphnia and algae test the sludge inhibition has been evaluated for oleyl triamine according to OECD 209. The test gave a 3h EC10 and EC50 of 18 and 115 mg/L respectively.

 

In addition to the tests performed on oleyl triamine, read across from source chemical N-(3 -aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropane-1,3 -diamine (2372 -82 -9; dodecyltriamine Y) to oleyltriamine for the acute fish and daphnia endpoints is applied. Read across from N-(3 -aminopropyl)-N-dodecylpropane-1,3 -diamine (2372 -82 -9; dodecyltriamine Y) is considered justified as this substance is used as a biocide and is considered as the most ecotoxic representative substance for the alkyl polyamines (>2N).

For this substance both a Klimish 1 acute fish and daphnia test are available. It should be noted that these tests are performed in standard test medium. The observed acute fish and daphnia toxicity for this substance is 0.431 and 0.0775 mg/L, respectively.

The reliability of the other available short-term fish and daphnia tests on alkyl polyamines is considered to be limited because of the sorbing properties of the substances and because they were conducted in a period when no reliable specific method of analyses was available. These short term fish and daphnia tests were therefore considered to be valid with restrictions and in general considered to be useful as supporting studies.