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EC number: 253-675-0 | CAS number: 37811-72-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Repeated dose toxicity, oral (OECD 407), rat: NOAEL =1000 mg/kg bw/day (RA CAS 110-27-0)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Repeated dose toxicity: via oral route - systemic effects
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: oral
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions (limited details on test substance purity, lack of urine analysis, neurology and ophthalmoscopy.
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 407 (Repeated Dose 28-Day Oral Toxicity Study in Rodents)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- limited details on test substance purity, no urine analysis, no neurology, no ophthalmoscopy performed
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Zentralinstitut für Versuchstierzucht, Hannover, Germany
- Age at study initiation: no data
- Weight at study initiation: mean ca. 150 g (females); ca. 195 g (males)
- Fasting period before study: no data
- Housing: 2-3 males per cage
- Diet: Altromin rat diet No. 1424 DK, ad libitum
- Water: yes, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: no data
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 19-23
- Humidity (%): ca. 50
- Air changes (per hr): no data
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/23 - Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- olive oil
- Details on oral exposure:
- PREPARATION OF DOSING SOLUTIONS:
Dosing solutions were prepared freshly every day.
Dosing volume was 5 mL/kg bw. - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- not specified
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 28 days
- Frequency of treatment:
- daily, 5 days per week
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw/day
Basis:
actual ingested - No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 10
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent vehicle
- Details on study design:
- - Rationale for selecting satellite groups:
5 additional animals per sex were for analysis of possible post-exposure reversibility of intoxication symptoms - Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: Yes
- Time schedule: daily
BODY WEIGHT: Yes
- Time schedule for examinations: weekly
FOOD CONSUMPTION: No
FOOD EFFICIENCY: No
WATER CONSUMPTION: No
OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No
HAEMATOLOGY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: at study termination
- Anaesthetic used for blood collection: Yes, ether
- Animals fasted: no data
- How many animals: all
- Parameters checked: Hct, Hb, erythrocyte count, leucocyte count, MCV, thromocyte count, differential leucocyte count
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: Yes
- Time schedule for collection of blood: at study termination
- Animals fasted: Yes, ether
- How many animals: all
- Parameters checked: Urea, Sodium, Potassium, Glucose, Calcium, ASAT, ALAT, gamma-Glutamyltransferase, Chloride, total protein, total cholesterol, anorganic phosphorus, AP
URINALYSIS: No
NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No
ORGAN WEIGHTS:
Thyroid gland, thymus, adrenal glands, spleen, heart, kidneys, brain, testes, liver - Sacrifice and pathology:
- GROSS PATHOLOGY: Yes, all animals
HISTOPATHOLOGY: Yes, ca. 33 organs of 5 male and 5 female animals of the highest dose group and of the control group were analyzed. Additionally all non-glandulary stomachs from all animals - including those of the recovery group 14 days after the last application - were histopathologically analyzed.
Histologically analyzed organs:
Eye, tongue, salivary gland, trachea, lung, Aorta thoracica, heart, maxillary and mesenterial lymph nodes, thymus, liver, spleen, pancreas, kidney, non-glandular stomach, glandular stomach, small and large intestine, urinary bladder, testes, epididymides, seminal vesicle, prostate, uterus, ovaries, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, cerebellum, brain stem, cerebrum (hippocampus), sceletal muscle, peripher nerv, skin - Statistics:
- t-test, U-test.
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- not examined
- Food efficiency:
- not examined
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not examined
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not examined
- Haematological findings:
- no effects observed
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- no effects observed
- Urinalysis findings:
- not examined
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- no effects observed
- Gross pathological findings:
- no effects observed
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- not treatment-related
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- no effects observed
- Details on results:
- CLINICAL SIGNS AND MORTALITY
No deaths occured and no signs of systemic toxicity were observed in any animals.
BODY WEIGHT AND WEIGHT GAIN
Control and test animals showed similar gain in body weight.
HAEMATOLOGY
No significant treatment-related changes observed.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY
No significant treatment-related changes observed.
GROSS PATHOLOGY
No treatment related abnormalities observed.
HISTOPATHOLOGY: NON-NEOPLASTIC
Hyperplastic changes were found in the non-glandular stomach of treated and control animals. Manifest mucosal hyperplasia was found in animals of the highest dose group. In few cases the mucosal hyperplasia was found combined with a submucosal inflammatory oedema. In the recovery group these findings were not present in the non-glandular stomach, indicating the reversibility of the changes. The changes were judged to be induced by the olive oil used as vehicle and not by the test substance itself.
Therefore, no treatment-related changes were observed. - Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day (nominal)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- male/female
- Basis for effect level:
- other: no effects on: clinical signs; mortality; body weight; haematology; clinical chemistry; gross pathology; histopathology.
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- In a 28 day oral gavage study a NOAEL of 1000 mg/kg bw/day was found for male and female Wistar rats.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- 1 000 mg/kg bw/day
- Study duration:
- subacute
- Species:
- rat
- Quality of whole database:
- The available information comprises an adequate and reliable study (Klimisch score 2) from a reference substance with similar structure and intrinsic properties. Read-across is justified based on common origin, common precursors and breakdown products of hydrolysis and consistent trends in the toxicological profile. The selected study is thus sufficient to fulfil the standard information requirements set out in Annex VIII-IX, 8.6, in accordance with Annex XI, 1.5, of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006.
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - systemic effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation - local effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - systemic effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal - local effects
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Justification for grouping of substances and read-across
There are only limited data available on repeated dose toxicity of isobutyl laurate (CAS 37811-72-6). In order to fulfil the standard information requirements set out in Annex VIII, 8.6, in accordance with Annex XI, 1.5, of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, read-across from structurally related substances was conducted. In accordance with Article 13 (1) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, "information on intrinsic properties of substances may be generated by means other than tests, provided that the conditions set out in Annex XI are met.” In particular for human toxicity, information shall be generated whenever possible by means other than vertebrate animal tests, which includes the use of information from structurally related substances (grouping or read-across). Having regard to the general rules for grouping of substances and read-across approach laid down in Annex XI, Item 1.5, of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 whereby substances may be predicted as similar provided that their physicochemical, toxicological and ecotoxicological properties are likely to be similar or follow a regular pattern as a result of structural similarity.
Overview of repeated dose toxicity
CAS |
Chemical name |
Molecular weight [g/mol] |
Repeated dose toxicity Oral |
Repeated dose toxicity Inhalation |
Repeated dose toxicity Dermal |
37811-72-6 (a) |
Isobutyl laurate |
256.42 |
RA: CAS 110-27-0 |
-- |
-- |
110-27-0 (b) |
Isopropyl myristate |
270.45 |
Experimental result: NOAEL =1000 mg/kg bw/day (rat) |
-- |
-- |
(a) The substance subject to registration is indicated in bold font.
(b) Reference (read-across) substances are indicated in normal font. Lack of data for a given endpoint is indicated by “--“.
The above mentioned substance is considered to be similar on the basis of the structural similar properties and/or activities. The available endpoint information is used to predict the same endpoints for isobutyl laurate (CAS 37811-72-6). A detailed analogue approach justification is provided in the technical dossier (see IUCLID Section 13).
Discussion
No data on repeated dose toxicity is available with isobutyl laurate (CAS 37811-72-6). Therefore, read across from the structurally analogue substance isopropyl myristate (CAS 110-27 -0) was applied.
Repeated dose toxicity (oral)
A reliable key repeated dose toxicity study (28-day) with isopropyl myristate (CAS 110-27-0) is available and was performed equivalent or similar to OECD TG 407 (Gloxhuber, 1983). Only limited details on test substance purity are available. Groups of 10 Wistar rats of each sex were administered the test material at doses of 100, 500 and 1000 mg/kg bw/day or vehicle alone (olive oil) via oral gavage for 28 days on 5 consecutive days per week. Five additional animals per sex per dose were included as recovery group for analysis of possible post-exposure reversibility of intoxication symptoms. Urinalysis, neurobehavioural examinations and ophthalmoscopy were not performed. Clinical observations, body weight changes, haematology, clinical chemistry, organ weight measurements as well as gross and histopathological examinations revealed no treatment-related abnormalities or adverse effects. Histopathology revealed hyperplastic changes in the non-glandular stomach of treated and control animals. Manifest mucosal hyperplasia was found in animals of the highest dose group. In few cases the mucosal hyperplasia was found combined with a submucosal inflammatory edema. In the recovery group these findings were not present in the non-glandular stomach, indicating the reversibility of the changes. The changes were judged to be induced by the olive oil used as vehicle and not by the test substance itself.
Therefore, no treatment-related changes were observed. Based on the results of the study and due to the absence of any toxicological relevant adverse effect a subacute NOAEL of 1000 mg/kg bw/day was derived for isopropyl myristate.
Justification for selection of repeated dose toxicity via oral
route - systemic effects endpoint:
Hazard assessment is conducted by means of read-across from
structural analogues. The selected study is the most adequate and
reliable study based on the identified similarities in structure and
intrinsic properties between source and target substance and overall
assessment of quality, duration and dose.
References:
A detailed reference list is provided in the technical dossier (see IUCLID, section 13) and within the CSR.
Justification for classification or non-classification
According to Article 13 of Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 "General Requirements for Generation of Information on Intrinsic Properties of substances", information on intrinsic properties of substances may be generated by means other than tests e.g. from information from structurally related substances (grouping or read-across), provided that conditions set out in Annex XI are met. Annex XI, "General rules for adaptation of this standard testing regime set out in Annexes VII to X” states that “substances whose physicochemical, toxicological and ecotoxicological properties are likely to be similar or follow a regular pattern as a result of structural similarity may be considered as a group, or ‘category’ of substances. This avoids the need to test every substance for every endpoint". Since the analogue concept is applied to isobutyl laurate (CAS 37811-72-6), data will be generated from data for reference source substance(s) to avoid unnecessary animal testing. Additionally, once the analogue read-across concept is applied, substances will be classified and labelled on this basis.
Therefore, based on the analogue read-across approach, the available data on repeated dose toxicity do not meet the classification criteria according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008, and are therefore conclusive but not sufficient for classification.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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