Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 276-675-2 | CAS number: 72479-28-8
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 221 (Lemna sp. Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Test organisms (species):
- Lemna minor
- Details on test organisms:
- Test organism: Exponential growing plant monoculture of Lemna minor (Umweltbundesamt, FGIII 2.5, Überwachungsverfahren Abwasserentsorgung, Schichauweg 58, D-12307 Berlin)
Culture: all-glass vessel containing sterile Swedish Standard (SIS) medium (Table 2) and the exponentially growing plant monoculture. Healthy Lemna minor plants consist of colonies comprising 2-5 fronds.
Cultivation: At least seven days before testing, sufficient colonies were transferred aseptically into fresh sterile medium and cultured for 7-10 days under the conditions of the test.
Illumination: continuous (6500–10000 lux) from Osram Fluora L18W77 (Osram AG, Winterthur, Switzerland) and CH Lighting F18T8/6500K EUP (CH Lighting CO., Ltd., China)
Temperature: 24 ± 2 °C
Control of sensitivity: Yearly, with 3,5-dichlorophenol - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 7 d
- Test temperature:
- 24 ± 2 °C
- pH:
- 6.5 at the beginning of the test.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Prior to the definitive test a non-GLP range finding test with the nominal concentrations of 10, 100 and 500 mg/l of active ingredient was performed.
Based on the results of this non-GLP range finding test, the test concentrations for the definitive test were 316, 100, 31.6, 10.0 and 3.16 mg/l nominal concentration of the active ingredient (i.e.to 379, 120, 37.9, 12.0 and 3.79 mg/l of test item). - Details on test conditions:
- Test vessel: 400 ml beakers, all-glass, with 200 ml of test medium. The beakers were covered with black paper up until the 200 ml mark to ensure that illumination comes only from above and not from the sides.
Test medium: Recommended Swedish Standard (SIS) medium (Table 2), prepared with ultra-pure water
Pre-culture: Exponentially growing plant monoculture of Lemna minor (the culture was visibly free from contamination by other organisms such as algae and protozoa).
Illumination: Intensity: continuous (6500–10000 lux) from Osram Fluora L18W77 (Osram AG, Winterthur, Switzerland) and CH Lighting F18T8/6500K EUP (CH Lighting CO., Ltd., China)
Homogeneity: ±15% (target; but see Deviations in section 1.10.2)
Incubation: Beakers were incubated on a black non-reflecting surface. - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 19.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- frond number
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 30 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: dry weight
- Details on results:
- Effects on frond numbers
With respect to growth rate inhibition, the following effects as compared to the untreated controls were observed: 94% at 316 mg/l, 89% at 100 mg/l, 78% at 31.6 mg/l, 14% at 10.0 mg/l and 15% at 3.16 mg/l.
Based on these effects and the measured concentrations of the test item, the median effect concentration with respect to the frond number’s growth rate (frond number ErC50) of Acid Yellow 110 to Lemna minor was calculated to be 19.3 mg/l (95% confidence limits: 3.85–43.3 mg/l). The ErC10 was 5.79 mg/l (n.d..–11.9) mg/l; while the NOErC was determined to be <3.67 mg/l.
Effects on dry weight
With respect to growth rate inhibition, the following effects as compared to the untreated controls were observed: 64% at 316 mg/l, 66% at 100 mg/l and 86% at 31.6 mg/l. No significant effects were observed at the nominal concentrations of 10.0 and 3.16 mg/l.
No significant dose-response relationship between these effects and the measured concentrations of the test item was found by the statistical program. Therefore, the effect concentrations were estimated based on the observations made and inhibitions calculated. The median effect concentration with respect to the dry weight’s growth rate (dry weight r ErC50) of the tested substance to Lemna minor was estimated to be ca. 30 mg/l. The NOErC was determined to be 9.99 mg/l. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- EC50 = 19.3 mg/l with respect of frond number
- Executive summary:
The toxicity to the aquatic plant Lemna Minor were determined following OECD 221.
The results showed some toxic effects to Lemna minor under the test conditions.
Reference
Appearance of the plants at the end of the test
In the blank control the plants looked healthy with roots reaching to the bottom of the test vessel.
At 3.16 mg/l, the plants looked healthy with roots reaching to the bottom of the test vessel.
At 10.0 mg/l, the plants were light green colored and smaller as compared to the blanks. The roots reached to the bottom of the test vessel.
At 31.6 mg/l, the plants were partially yellow and some roots were missing.
At 100 and 316 mg/l, the plants were yellow and all the roots were missing.
Description of key information
EC50 = 19.3 mg/l
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater plants:
- 19.3 mg/L
Additional information
A test was performed on the tested substance following OECD 221.
The tested substance showed some toxic effects on Lemna Minor. EC50 value was set to 19.3 mg/l
Lemna minor is an aquatic plant that develops his leaves on the surface of the water, while nourishing substances are taken from the water solution. With this tests the observed effect is only related to the potential toxicity of the substance and not to the potential shading effect of a classical Alga study. A deviation to the protocol has been applied to the test recommended for dyes (Michael Cleuvers a, Hans-Toni Ratte, Phytotoxicity of coloured substances: is Lemna Duckweed an alternative to the algal growth inhibition test? Chemosphere 49 (2002) 9–15): "Beakers will be incubated on a black non-reflecting surface. Additionally, the walls of the incubation chambers will also be covered with black fabric in order to avoid reflection".
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.