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Environmental fate & pathways

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

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Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
Experimental starting date - 17 November 1993; Experimental termination date - 01 December 1993; Study completion date: 22 December 1993
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: EU Method C.7
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Code number: FAT - 20'037/C
- Source and batch No.of test material: 9300001
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: February 1998

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature

OTHER SPECIFICS:
- Purity: ca. 80%
- Appearance: solid
- Solubility: > 2 g/L (in water)
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
other: Mixture of polyvalent bacteria collected November 11,1993 in the aeration tank of a domestic sewage treatment plant, ARA Basel Communal.
Details on inoculum:
- Source of inoculum/activated sludge: domestic sewage treatment plant, ARA Basel Communal
Duration of test (contact time):
14 d
Initial conc.:
100 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
O2 consumption
Reference substance:
benzoic acid, sodium salt
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (O2 consumption)
Value:
0
Sampling time:
14 d
Details on results:
The test substance did not show any biodegradation. Hence, the biodegradation of FAT - 20037/C (corrected by the Incoculum control) expressed as the % of BOD versus ThOD was: 0% (14 days)
Results with reference substance:
The biodegradation, (corrected by the Incoculum control) expressed as the % of BOD versus ThOD was: 91 % (14 days)
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed
Conclusions:
The test substance was determined to have undergone no biodegradation under test conditions.
Executive summary:

The ready biodegradability of the test substance was determined in a 14 days modified MITI test (I) conducted according to the OECD Guideline 301C and EU Method C.7, in compliance with GLP. The test substance was tested in a concentration of 100 mg/L. A mixture of polyvalent bacteria collected on 11 November, 1993 in the aeration tank of a domestic sewage treatment plant, ARA Basel Communal was used as an inoculum. The biodegradation was calculated on the basis of oxygen consumption. The test substance did not show any biodegradation. The biodegradation of FAT - 20'037/C (corrected by the incoculum control) expressed as the % of BOD versus ThOD was calculated to be 0 % (14 days). Hence, the test substance was determined to have undergone no biodegradation under test conditions.

Endpoint:
biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
Experimental start date - 22 April 1998; Experimental end date: 20 May 1998; Study completion date: 04 June 1998.
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 302 B (Inherent biodegradability: Zahn-Wellens/EMPA Test)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: 87/302/EEC, L 133, Part C
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes
Specific details on test material used for the study:
SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Code number: FAT 20037/D
- Source and batch No.of test material: EN 101495.CB
- Expiration date of the batch: March 2003

STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: room temperature

OTHER SPECIFICS:
- Purity: ca. 79 %
- Appearance: black, powder
- Solubility: 40 g/L
Oxygen conditions:
aerobic
Inoculum or test system:
activated sludge (adaptation not specified)
Details on inoculum:
Activated sludge of a communal sewage treatment plant (ARA Pro Rheno Basel) collected on April 21, 1998 was washed twice with tap water one day before the test was started.
Duration of test (contact time):
28 d
Initial conc.:
512 mg/L
Based on:
test mat.
Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
DOC removal
Details on study design:
TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: For each stock solution the mineral salts were dissolved in water (distilled water, previously checked for purity by DOC analysis) and made up to 1 litre.
Stock solution A: 0.5 g NH4Cl, 33.4 g Na2HPO4. 2H2O, 8.5 g KH2PO4, 21.75 g K2HPO4
Stock solution B: 36.4 g CaCl2 . 2 H2O
Stock solution C: 22.5 g MgS04 • 7 H2O
Stock solution D: 0.25 g FeCl3 . 6 H2O
Preparation of the mineral medium
10 ml of solution A was mixed with 800 ml of distilled water, 1 ml of solutions B, C, D was added and made up to 1 litre.

- Test temperature: 20 - 25 °C
- pH: 7.0 - 8.0
- pH adjusted: yes
- Aeration of dilution water: Yes
Reference substance:
diethylene glycol
Remarks:
(Fluka no. 32160)
Key result
Parameter:
% degradation (DOC removal)
Value:
5
Sampling time:
28 d
Details on results:
Adsorption of FAT 20037/D after 3 hours: 10 %
Total elimination (regarding adsorption and biodegradation) FAT 20037/D after 28 days: 15 %
Results with reference substance:
Diethylene glycol: Biodegradation after 14 days : 98%

The test was considered valid because the reference substance was removed by more than 70% in the first 14 days.

Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Interpretation of results:
not inherently biodegradable
Conclusions:
The test item had 10 % adsorption after 3 hours, while the biodegradation observed at the end of 28 days was 5 %. Hence, the total elimination observed after 28 days was 15 %. Based on these findings, the test item was determined to be not inherently biodegradable.
Executive summary:

The inherent biodegradability of the test item was evaluated in a study conducted according to OECD Guideline 302B and 87/302/EEC, L 133, Part C, in compliance with GLP. A mixture of a total test volume of 2 litres each containing test substance, mineral medium and activated sludge was agitated and aerated at 20 - 25 °C in two glass vessels for 28 days. A reference control running in duplicate containing activated sludge, mineral medium and the reference substance, and a blank control containing activated sludge and mineral medium were run under the same test conditions. The biodégradation process was monitored by determination of the dissolved organic carbon concentrations (DOC). The ratio of eliminated DOC, corrected for the blank after each time interval, to the initial DOC value was expressed as the percentage biodégradation at each sampling time. The test item had 10 % adsorption after 3 hours, while the biodegradation observed at the end of 28 days was 5%. Hence, the total elimination observed after 28 days was 15 %. The reference substance (diethylene glycol) had the biodegradtion of 98 % after 14 days. Based on these findings, the test item was determined to be not inherently biodegradable.

Description of key information

The ready biodegradability of the test substance was determined in a key 14 days modified MITI test (I) conducted according to the OECD Guideline 301C and EU Method C.7, in compliance with GLP. The test substance was tested in a concentration of 100 mg/L. A mixture of polyvalent bacteria collected on 11 November,1993 in the aeration tank of a domestic sewage treatment plant, ARA Basel Communal was used as the inoculum. The biodegradation was calculated on the basis of oxygen consumption. The test substance did not show any biodegradation. The biodegradation of FAT - 20'037/C (corrected by the inoculum control) expressed as [%] of BOD versus ThOD was calculated to be 0 % (14 days). Hence, the test substance was determined to have undergone no biodegradation under test conditions. The inherent biodegradability of FAT - 20037/C was determined in a 28 days Zahn-Wellens - Test according to the OECD Guideline 302B and the EEC-Directive, L133 (pp. 99-105) Volume 31, May 88. The test substance was tested in concentration of 150 mg/L DOC. The bioelimination of the test substance FAT - 20037/C after 28 days was 11.4 %. Hence, the substance was considered to be not inherently biodegradable.The BOD5 of FAT 20037/C was determined to be 4 mg O2/g, while the COD was 1024 mg O2/g. Hence, the BOD5/COD ratio is 0.0039, indicating substance being not rapidly biodegradable. In another study, the inherent biodegradability of the FAT 20037/D was evaluated according to the OECD Guideline 302B and 87/302/EEC, L 133, Part C, in compliance with GLP. A mixture of a total test volume of 2 liters each containing test substance, mineral medium and activated sludge was agitated and aerated at 20 - 25 °C in two glass vessels for 28 days. A reference control running in duplicate containing activated sludge, mineral medium and the reference substance, and a blank control containing activated sludge and mineral medium were run under the same test conditions. The biodegradation process was monitored by determination of the dissolved organic carbon concentrations (DOC). The ratio of eliminated DOC, corrected for the blank after each time interval, to the initial DOC value was expressed as the percentage biodegradation at each sampling time. The test item had 10 % adsorption after 3 hours, while the biodegradation observed at the end of 28 days was 5 %. Hence, the total elimination observed after 28 days was 15 %. The reference substance (Diethylene glycol) had the biodegradation of 98 % after 14 days. Based on these findings, the test item was determined to be not inherently biodegradable. For FAT 20037/A, the BOD5 value was calculated to be 0 mg/g O2, while the COD was 974 mg O2/g. Hence, the BOD5/COD ratio is 0, indicating substance being not rapidly biodegradable. The inherent biodegradability of FAT 20037/A was evaluated in another study, where total bioelimination observed was 13%, hence the substance was determined to be not inherently biodegradable. For FAT 20037/B, the BOD5 value was calculated to be 0 mg/g O2, while the COD was 902 mg O2/g. Hence, the BOD5/COD ratio is 0, indicating substance being not rapidly biodegradable. In summary, the test substance is neither readily biodegradable nor inherently biodegradable.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:
under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Additional information