6-aminonaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Skin Irritation:

Administration of the test item at 2000 mg/kg did not result in any skin reaction at the site of application during the study period of 14 days. Also, the erythema and edema score of rats was calculated as 0. Administration of the test item did not result in any signs of toxicity and mortality during the study period of 14 days. Animals exhibited normal body weight gain through the study period of 14 days. Gross pathological examination did not reveal any abnormalities attributable to the treatment.

Hence, it was concluded that the test chemical was Non-Irritating to the skin of Sprague Dawley rats under the experimental conditions tested and Classified as “Category- Not Classified” as per CLP Classification.

The Mean % tissue viability compared to negative control (n=3) of the test chemical was determined to be 82%.

Hence, under the experimental test conditions it was concluded that the test chemical was considered to be not irritating / irritating to the human skin and being classified as “Not Classified'' as per CLP Regulation.

Eye Irritation:

The MTT data show the assay quality controls were met, as the OD of the negative control tissues was between 0.8 to 2.5 in run 1. Also, the positive control, methyl acetate, reduced tissue viability to be below 50% of negative control (for 6 hour exposures with solids) in run one and the standard deviation (SD) calculated from individual percent tissue viabilities of the test article exposed replicates was passing the acceptance criteria.

The mean % tissue viability of test chemical was determined to be 96.8%. Thus, the test chemical was considered to be not irritating to MatTek EpiOcular Tisssue Model OCL-200.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

Data is from experimental study report.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD Guideline 402 (Acute Dermal Toxicity)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

To determine the dermal reaction profile of the test chemical in Sprague Dawley rats

GLP compliance:

yes

Species:

rat

Strain:

Sprague-Dawley

Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:

TEST ANIMALS
- Source: National Institute of Biosciences, Pune.
- Females nulliparous and non-pregnant: No data available
- Age at study initiation: Young adult male and female rats aged between 8 – 12 weeks were used.
- Weight at study initiation: The weight range of approximately 221.7 to 255.3 grams at initiation of dosing.
Body weights at the start :
Male
Mean : 249.20 g (= 100 %)
Minimum : 243.9 g (- 2.13 %)
Maximum : 255.3 g (+ 2.45 %)
Total No. of animals : 5
Female
Mean : 225.60 g (= 100 %)
Minimum : 221.7 g (- 1.73 %)
Maximum : 230.5 g (+ 2.17 %)
Total No. of animals : 5
- Identification: Each rat was individually identified by the cage number.
- Fasting period before study: No data available
- Housing: The rats were individually housed in polycarbonate cages with paddy husk as bedding.
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Rodent feed supplied by the Nutrivet Life Sciences, Pune, was provided ad libitum from individual feeders.
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): Water was provided ad libitum from individual bottles attached to the cages. All water was from a local source and passed through the reverse osmosis membrane before use.
- Acclimation period: 5 days.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20.1 to 22.5 degree centigrade.
- Humidity (%): 53.2% to 58.8%
- Air changes (per hr): Ten to fifteen air changes per hour.
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): An artificial light and dark cycle of 12 hours each was provided to the room.

IN-LIFE DATES: 20-07-2017 to 04-08-2017

Type of coverage:

semiocclusive

Preparation of test site:

clipped

Vehicle:

water

Remarks:

(Distilled water)

Controls:

not specified

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 2000 mg/kg bw
- Concentration (if solution): No data available

VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): No data available
- Concentration (if solution): No data available
- Lot/batch no. (if required): No data available
- Purity: No data

NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): No data available
- Concentration (if solution): No data available

POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): No data available
- Concentration (if solution): No data available

Duration of treatment / exposure:

24 hours

Observation period:

14 days

Number of animals:

10 (5/sex).

Details on study design:

TEST SITE
- Area of exposure: Trunk (dorsal surface and sides from scapular to pelvic area)
- % coverage: Approximately 10% of the body surface area.
- Type of wrap if used: Porous gauze dressing and non-irritating tape.

REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): Distilled water was used to remove residual test item.

OBSERVATION TIME POINTS
(indicate if minutes, hours or days) : Dermal reaction was observed daily for study period of 14 days.

SCORING SYSTEM: Draize Method.

OTHER OBSERVATIONS
Type and Frequency of Tests, Analyses and Measurements

Viability:Twice daily.

Clinical Observations and General Appearance:
Animals were observed for clinical signs, mortality, until sacrifice.
Onset, duration and severity of any sign were recorded. The clinical signs and mortality observations were conducted at 10, 30, 60 minutes, 2, 4 and 6 hours on the day of dosing and once daily thereafter for 14 day. Daily observation was done as far as possible at the same time.
The observations were included general clinical signs, observations of eyes, mucous membranes, respiratory, circulatory system and behavior pattern.

Body weights:
Individual animal body weights were recorded pre-test (prior to administration of the test item), day 7 and at termination on day 14.

Gross Pathology:
Necropsy was performed on animals surviving at the end of the study. Macroscopic examination of all the orifices, cavities and tissues were made and the findings were recorded. All animals surviving the study period were sacrificed by the carbon dioxide asphyxiation technique (day 15).

Histopathology:
No gross abnormalities were observed in animals sacrificed terminally hence, no histopathology was performed.

Irritation parameter:

erythema score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

14 d

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

not specified

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Irritation parameter:

edema score

Basis:

mean

Time point:

14 d

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

not specified

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Irritant / corrosive response data:

Overall result:
Sex : Male
Group I -
Animal treated at the dose level of 2000 mg/kg body weight did not result in any skin reaction during the study period of 14 days.

Sex : Female
Group I -
Animal treated at the dose level of 2000 mg/kg body weight did not result in any skin reaction during the study period of 14 days.

Other effects:

Other effects:
Clinical Signs of Toxicity and Mortality
Sex : Male
Group I -
Animal treated at the dose level of 2000 mg/kg body weight did not result in any signs of toxicity during the study period of 14 days. All animals survived through the study period of 14 days.

Sex : Female
Group I -
Animal treated at the dose level of 2000 mg/kg body weight did not result in any signs of toxicity during the study period of 14 days. All animals survived through the study period of 14 days.

Body Weight
Sex : Male
Group I (2000 mg/kg) - Percent body weight gain after 7 days and 14 days was found to be 8.58% and 18.09% respectively.

Sex : Female
Group I (2000 mg/kg) - Percent body weight gain after 7 days and 14 days was found to be 5.54% and 9.72% respectively.

Gross Pathological Findings
Gross pathological examination did not reveal any abnormalities in animals from 2000 mg/kg dose group.

Table No. I

Summary of Clinical Signs of Toxicity and Mortality

Test System : Sprague Dawley Rat

Sex : Male

Group  No.	Dose mg/kg	Observed Signs	Total Number of Animals	Animal Nos.	Period of signs in days  From - to	Mortality
I	2000	No clinical signs observed	5	1 - 5	Day 0 - Day 14	0/5

 

Sex : Female

 

Group  No.	Dose mg/kg	Observed Signs	Total Number of Animals	Animal Nos.	Period of signs in days  From - to	Mortality
I	2000	No clinical signs observed	5	6 - 10	Day 0 - Day 14	0/5

 

 

Table No. II

Summary of Evaluation of Dermal Reaction

Test System : Sprague Dawley Rat

Sex : Male 

Group  No.	Dose mg/kg	Dermal Reaction	Total Number of Animals	Animal Nos.	Period of signs in days  From - to	Mortality
I	2000	No dermal reaction observed	5	1 - 5	Day 0 - Day 14	0/5

 

Sex : Female

 

Group  No.	Dose mg/kg	Dermal Reaction	Total Number of Animals	Animal Nos.	Period of signs in days  From - to	Mortality
I	2000	No dermal reaction observed	5	6 - 10	Day 0 - Day 14	0/5

Individual Animal - Evaluation of Dermal Reaction

Test System : Sprague Dawley Rat

Sex : Male  

Group : I

Dose  : 2000 mg/kg body weight

Animal	Dermal	D A Y S
No.	Reaction	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
1	Erythema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Oedema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
2	Erythema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Oedema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
3	Erythema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Oedema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
4	Erythema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Oedema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
5	Erythema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Oedema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

 

 

Sex : Female  

Group : I

Dose  : 2000 mg/kg body weight

Animal	Dermal	D A Y S
No.	Reaction	0	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
6	Erythema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Oedema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
7	Erythema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Oedema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
8	Erythema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Oedema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
9	Erythema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Oedema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
10	Erythema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
	Oedema	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

 

 

Table No.III

Mean Body Weight and Percent Body Weight Gain (g)

Test System : Sprague Dawley Rat

Sex : Male

Group No.	Dose (mg/kg body weight)		Body weight Day 0	Body weight Day 7	% body weight gain day 0-7	Body weight Day 14	% body weight gain day 7- 14	% body weight gain day 0- 14
I	2000	Mean	249.20	270.66	8.58	294.34	8.77	18.09
		± SD	4.57	9.96	2.02	9.37	1.21	1.70

 

Sex : Female

Group No.	Dose (mg/kg body weight)		Body weight Day 0	Body weight Day 7	% body weight gain day 0-7	Body weight Day 14	% body weight gain day 7- 14	% body weight gain day 0- 14
I	2000	Mean	225.60	238.12	5.54	247.52	3.98	9.72
		± SD	3.57	5.80	1.18	5.22	2.68	1.96

 

 

 Table No.IV

Summary of Gross Pathological Findings

Test System : Sprague Dawley Rat

Sex : Male

Group No.	Dose mg/kg	Animal Numbers	Animal Fate	Gross Pathological Findings
I	2000	1 - 5	TS	No abnormality detected

 

Sex : Female

Group No.	Dose mg/kg	Animal Numbers	Animal Fate	Gross Pathological Findings
I	2000	6 - 10	TS	No abnormality detected

TS = Terminal Sacrifice

 

                        

 

Interpretation of results:

other: Not irritating

Conclusions:

Administration of the test item at 2000 mg/kg did not result in any skin reaction at the site of application during the study period of 14 days. Also, the erythema and edema score of rats was calculated as 0. Administration of the test item did not result in any signs of toxicity and mortality during the study period of 14 days. Animals exhibited normal body weight gain through the study period of 14 days. Gross pathological examination did not reveal any abnormalities attributable to the treatment.
 
Hence, it was concluded that the test chemical was Non-Irritating to the skin of Sprague Dawley rats under the experimental conditions tested and Classified as “Category- Not Classified” as per CLP Classification.

Executive summary:

Astudy was designed and conducted to determine the dermal Irritation/corrosion potential of the test chemical in Sprague Dawley rats. This study was performed as per OECD guideline No. 402. Ten rats (5 male and 5 female) were used for conducting dermal irritation/ corrosion study.

The animals were kept in their cages for at least 5 days prior to administration for acclimatization to the laboratory condition and after acclimatization period, animals were randomly selected. Approximately 24 hours before application, the hair of each rat was closely clipped from the trunk (dorsal surface and sides from scapular to pelvic area) with an electric clipper, so as to expose at least 10% of the body surface area. The test item was moistened with distilled water. The test item was applied onto the exposed skin of the animal, taking care to spread the test item evenly over the entire area of approximately 10% of the total body surface area or as much of the area as can reasonably be covered. The test item was held in contact with the skin using a porous gauze dressing and non irritating tape around the animal to cover the exposure site for first 24 hours exposure period. Elizabethan collar was placed on each animal for first 24 hours after application of the test item. These collars prevent ingestion of test item. Following 24 hours of exposure, the wrapping was removed and the test site wiped free of excess test item. Distilled water was used to remove residual test item.

 

The test chemical was applied to shorn skin of 5 male and 5 female animals at 2000 mg/kg body weight. Administration of the test item at 2000 mg/kg did not result in any skin reaction at the site of application during the study period of 14 days. Also, the erythema and edema score of rats was calculated as 0. Administration of the test item did not result in any signs of toxicity and mortality during the study period of 14 days. Animals exhibited normal body weight gain through the study period of 14 days. Gross pathological examination did not reveal any abnormalities attributable to the treatment.

 

Hence, it was concluded that the test chemical was Non-Irritating to the skin of Sprague Dawley rats under the experimental conditions tested and Classified as “Category- Not Classified” as per CLP Classification.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

December 04, 2017 to March 13, 2018

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

Data is from experimental study report

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The purpose of this study is to provide classification of dermal irritation potential of a chemical by using a three-dimensional human epidermis model, according to the OECD Test Guideline No. 439, “In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method”.

GLP compliance:

yes

Test system:

human skin model

Remarks:

MatTek EpiDerm™ Tissue Model

Source species:

human

Cell type:

non-transformed keratinocytes

Cell source:

other: EpiDerm™ 3-dimensional human tissues used in this study

Source strain:

other: Not applicable

Details on animal used as source of test system:

EpiDerm™ tissues, Lot No. 27646 Kits I and J, were received from MatTek on 12 Dec 2017, and Lot No. 27654 Kits O and P, were received from MatTek on 19 Dec 2017. All tissues were refrigerated at 2-8°C upon receipt. Before use, the tissues were incubated (37±1°C, 5±1% CO2) with assay medium (MatTek) for a one-hour equilibration. The tissues were then moved to new wells with fresh medium for an additional overnight equilibrium, for 18±3 hours. Equilibration medium was replaced with fresh medium before dosing.

Justification for test system used:

The EpiDerm™ Skin Model closely parallels human skin, thus providing a useful in vitro means to assess dermal irritancy and toxicology

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Details on test system:

EpiDerm™ Tissue Samples
EpiDerm™ tissues, Lot No. 27646 Kits I and J, were received from MatTek on 12 Dec 2017, and Lot No. 27654 Kits O and P, were received from MatTek on 19 Dec 2017 All tissues were refrigerated at 2-8°C upon receipt. Before use, the tissues were incubated (37±1°C, 5±1% CO2) with assay medium (MatTek) for a one-hour equilibration. The tissues were then moved to new wells with fresh medium for an additional overnight equilibrium, for 18±3 hours. Equilibration medium was replaced with fresh medium before dosing.

Mesh Compatibility
Five of the test articles supplied were liquids. These test articles were assessed for compatibility with pre-cut nylon mesh supplied with the tissues. The mesh was placed on a slide and 30 μl of a liquid test articles or PBS (negative control) were applied. After 60 minutes of exposure, the mesh was checked microscopically. If no damage or other interaction was observed, indicating that the mesh was compatible with the test article, the mesh was used as a spreading aid.

Tissue Viability (MTT Reduction)
At the end of the incubation period, each EpiDerm™ tissue was rinsed with PBS and transferred to a 24-well plate containing 300 μl of MTT solution (1 mg/ml MTT in DMEM). The tissues were then returned to the incubator for a three-hour MTT incubation period. Following the MTT incubation period, each EpiDerm™ tissue was rinsed with PBS and then treated with 2.0 ml of extractant solution (isopropanol) per well for at least two hours, with shaking, at room temperature. Two aliquots of the extracted MTT formazan were measured at 540 nm using a plate reader (μQuant Plate Reader, Bio-Tek Instruments, Winooski, VT).
For several tissues, the test article had stained the tissues. Therefore, the tissues were extracted with only 1.0 ml, allowing extraction to occur only through the bottom of the insert. After the extraction period, the tissue insert was removed and discarded and 1.0 ml of extraction solution were added to each well, bringing the volume to a total of 2.0 ml.

Quality Controls
The assay meets the acceptance criteria if the mean OD540 of the negative control tissues is between 1.0 and 2.5, inclusive, and the mean viability of positive control tissues, expressed as percentage of the negative control tissues, is at least 20%. In addition, the standard deviation (SD) calculated from individual percent tissue viabilities of the three identically-treated replicates must be less than 18%.
Note: Chemicals that provide tissue viabilities in a range of 30% to 70% may provide high SD. If the high SD (above acceptance limits) is typical for the chemical and the classification of the chemical is consistent in all independent runs, MatTek recommends that this result be accepted, although it did not meet the Assay Acceptance Criterion.

Analysis of Data
See Table 1 for Experimental Data. The mean absorbance value for each time point was calculated from the optical density (OD) of the duplicate samples and expressed as percent viability for each sample using the following formula:
% viability = 100 X (OD sample/OD negative control)

Skin Irritation Prediction
According to the EU1,2 and GHS3 classification (R38 / Category 2 or no label), an irritant is predicted if the mean relative tissue viability of three individual tissues exposed to the test substance is 50% or less of the mean viability of the negative controls.

In vitro result In vivo Classification
Mean tissue viability ≤ 50% Category 2
Mean tissue viability > 50% Non-irritant (NI)


Assessment of direct MTT reduction and assessment of coloring or staining materials was not performed. Therefore, it cannot be fully assessed if the test articles interfered with MTT viability measurements.

Retention of Data
Upon signing the final report, all raw data, supporting documentation and reports are submitted to the Archivist by the Study Director. The raw data are filed at MB Research by project number. The final report is filed at MB Research by Sponsor name and MB project number.
All data generated during the conduct of this study will be archived at MB Research for at least one year from the date of the final report and optionally longer at additional cost. The Sponsor will be contacted in writing to determine final disposition of the records.
Any remaining test article will be discarded upon submission of the report.

Amendment to the Protocol
There were no amendments to the protocol. See Appendix C for the protocol in its entirety
Evaluation of Test Article in the Cell Models:
1. Cell system: Upon receipt, the MatTek EpiDerm™ tissue cultures were placed in 0.9 mL of fresh Maintenance medium (in a 6-well plate). The culture inserts are incubated for ~one hour. The tissues were then transferred to 6-well plates containing 0.9 mL fresh Maintenance medium and they were incubated overnight at ~37°C, 5% CO2 in a humidified incubator.

2. Control and Test Article Exposures: On the day of dosing, the tissues are then removed from the incubator and the controls and the test article are applied topically to tissues by pipette. Tissues were exposed to controls and the test articles for one hour, with ~35 minutes in a 37°C, 5% CO2 humidified incubator and the remaining 25 minutes at room temperature.

a) Controls
30 µL of negative control DPBS, positive control 5% SDS was applied topically to the tissue and gently spread by placing a nylon mesh on the apical surface of each tissue, if necessary.

b)Test Article
For solid test article, the tissues were moistened with 25 μL of ultrapure water to improve contact of the tissue surface with the test article. Approximately 25 mg of each test article was evenly applied to the apical surface of each tissue (n=3). All the tissues were placed into the ~37°C incubator with 5% CO2. The exposure times were approximately 1 hour, with ~35 minutes exposure in the incubator and ~25 minutes at room temperature.

3.Post-exposure treatment
After the 1 hour exposure, the tissues were rinsed 20 to 25 times with 1 mL of DPBS. The apical surface was gently blotted with a cotton swab. The tissues were placed in 0.9 mL of fresh Maintenance medium (6-well plate) for either 25 hours, 38 minutes and 23 seconds or for 24 hours, 10 minutes and 09 seconds (as there were numerous tissues, they had to be broken down into 2 sets to complete dosing in a timely manner). After this initial ~24 hour incubation, the tissues were placed in 6-well plates containing 0.9 mL fresh Maintenance medium and incubated for another 17 hours, 03 minutes and 34 seconds prior to performing the MTT assay, for a total of an approximately 42 hour post-exposure incubation.

RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE
- Model used: The EpiDerm™ 3 dimensional human tissue model
- Tissue Lot number(s): 26459
- Date of initiation of testing: 6/08/2017

TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure: 37°C
- Temperature of post-treatment incubation (if applicable): 37°C

REMOVAL OF TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROLS
-Volume and number of washing steps: Twice

MTT DYE USED TO MEASURE TISSUE VIABILITY AFTER TREATMENT / EXPOSURE
- MTT concentration: 300 µL MTT medium (1.0 mg/mL).
- Incubation time: After 2 hours, 57 minute and 25 second MTT incubation
- Spectrophotometer: Synergy H4 spectrophotometer
- Wavelength: 570 nm
- Filter: No data
- Filter bandwidth: No data
- Linear OD range of spectrophotometer: No data

NUMBER OF REPLICATE TISSUES: 3

CALCULATIONS and STATISTICAL METHODS
All data were background subtracted before analysis. MTT data are presented as % viable compared to negative control. Data were generated as follows:

MTT Assay
Blanks:
·        The optical density (OD) mean from all replicates for each plate (ODblank).

Negative Controls (NC):
Identity: Phosphate-Buffered Saline (PBS), Lot No. AC10239794
Provided by:MatTek
Date Received:12 Dec 2017 and 19 Dec 2017
Expiration Date:18 Jul 2018
Storage:Room temperature and humidity
Description:Clear colorless liquid
Sample Preparation:Used as received

Positive Control (PC):
Identity: 5% Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (SDS), Lot No. 071817MAB
Provided by:MatTek
Date Received:12 Dec 2017 and 19 Dec 2017
Expiration Date:18 Jul 2018
Storage:Room temperature and humidity
Description:Clear colorless liquid
Sample Preparation:Used as received

- Assay quality controls
- Negative Controls (NC)
The Dulbecco’s phosphate buffered saline (DPBS) was used as a NC. The assay passed all acceptance criteria if the ODs of the negative control exposed tissues were between ≥0.8 and ≤2.8.
 
- Positive Controls (PC)
5% solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate was used as a PC. The assay is meeting the acceptance criteria if the viability of the PC is ≤20% of the negative control.
 
- Standard Deviation (SD)
The standard deviation (SD) calculated from individual percent tissue viabilities of the test article exposed replicates was ≤18.

Control samples:

yes, concurrent negative control

yes, concurrent positive control

Amount/concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 25 mg
- Concentration (if solution): neat (undiluted)

VEHICLE (Not used)
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): none
- Concentration (if solution): none
- Lot/batch no. (if required): none
- Purity: none

NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 30 µL
- Concentration (if solution): neat

POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 30 µL
- Concentration (if solution): 5% solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Tissues will be topically exposed to the test article and control articles for 60 minutes.

Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):

After dosing, the tissues will be returned to the incubator for 35 ±1 minute, and then returned to the sterile hood for the remainder of the 60-minute exposure period.

Number of replicates:

All treatments with test articles and controls will be dosed in triplicate EpiDerm™ tissues.

Irritation / corrosion parameter:

% tissue viability

Run / experiment:

Run 1

Value:

82

Vehicle controls validity:

not specified

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Other effects / acceptance of results:

All treatments with test articles and controls will be dosed in triplicate EpiDerm™ tissues.

In vitro result In vivo Classification
Mean tissue viability ≤ 50% Category 2
Mean tissue viability > 50% Non-irritant

Test and Control Article Identity	Tissue Viability	Irritancy Classification
	Mean
CAS No. 93-00-5	82.0	Non-Irritant

Interpretation of results:

other: not irritating

Conclusions:

The dermal irritation potential of test article was determined according to the OECD 439 test guideline followed for this study. The Mean % tissue viability compared to negative control (n=3) of the test chemical was determined to be 82%. Thus, the test chemical was considered to be not irritating to the human skin.

Executive summary:

The dermal irritation potential of test article was determined according to the OECD 439 In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method”. The MatTek EpiDerm™ model was used to assess the potential dermal irritation of the test article by determining the viability of the tissues following exposure to the test article via MTT. The objective of this study was to assess the dermal irritation potential of test article Tissues were exposed to test article and controls for ~one hour, followed by a 42 hour post-exposure recovery period. The viability of each tissue was determined by MTT assay. 

The MTT data shows that the assay quality controls were met. The mean tissue viabilities for the Positive control, Methyl acetate were 6.5%, 10.7% respectively in the first and second run, whereas the tissue viabilities of the negative control, Tissue culture water remained at 100% in the both the runs.

The Mean % tissue viability compared to negative control (n=3) of the test chemical was determined to be 82%.

Hence, under the experimental test conditions it was concluded that the test chemical was considered to be not irritating / irritating to the human skin and being classified as “Not Classified'' as per CLP Regulation.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

December 06, 2017 to March 24, 2018

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Justification for type of information:

Data is from experimental study report.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 492 (Reconstructed Human Cornea-like Epithelium (RhCE) Test Method for Identifying Chemicals Not Requiring Classification and Labelling for Eye Irritation or Serious Eye Damage)

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The purpose of this study is to provide classification of chemicals concerning their eye irritation potential using an alternative to the Draize Rabbit Eye Test, according to the OECD Test Guideline No. 492, “Reconstructed Human Cornea-like Epithelium (RhCE) Test Method for Identifying Chemicals Not Requiring Classification and Labelling for Eye Irritation or Serious Eye Damage”. The EpiOcular™ EIT is intended to differentiate those materials that are UN GHS No Category (i.e., do not meet the requirements for UN GHS classification) from those that would require labeling as either UN GHS Category 1 or 2. This assay is not intended to differentiate between UN GHS Category 1 / Hazard
Code 318 and UN GHS Category 2 / Hazard Codes 319 and 320.

GLP compliance:

yes

Species:

other: MatTek EpiOcular Tisssue Model OCL-200

Strain:

other: Not applicable

Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:

-Test System: MatTek EpiOcular™ Tissue Model OCL-200

Storage:EpiOcular™ tissues and assay medium will be refrigerated at approximately 2-8°C upon arrival and until use.

Supplier:MatTek Corporation, Ashland, MA

- Justification of the test method and considerations regarding applicability
The EpiOcular™ Tissue Model closely parallels human ocular tissue, thus providing a useful in vitro means to assess ocular irritancy and toxicology

Vehicle:

unchanged (no vehicle)

Controls:

yes, concurrent positive control

yes, concurrent negative control

Amount / concentration applied:

TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 50 mg

VEHICLE (no vehicle)
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): none
- Concentration (if solution): none
- Lot/batch no. (if required): none
- Purity: none

NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 50 µL
- Concentration (if solution): neat

POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 50 µL
- Concentration (if solution): neat

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Tissues will be topically exposed to the test article and control articles for 6 hours ± 15 minutes.

Observation period (in vivo):

Not applicable

Duration of post- treatment incubation (in vitro):

Following the post soak,Tissues will be incubated in 1 ml fresh assay medium in a humidified 37±1°C, 5±1% CO2 incubator.

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

2 tissues were used for test compound and control.

Details on study design:

-Plate Reader Linearity Check:
The linearity of the plate reader or spectrophotometer used for optical density (OD) determination will be verified prior to its use the same week the EIT assay is being
performed.
A dilution series of trypan blue or thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) formazan will be prepared and 200 μl aliquots will be pipetted into a 96-well plate.
The optical density of the plate wells will be measured at a wavelength of 570 nm (OD570), with no reference wavelength.
A regression line and an R-squared value will be generated using Microsoft Excel®. Verification will be considered acceptable if the R-squared value is >0.999.

Assessment of Direct MTTReduction:No assessment of the direct MTT (methyl thiazole tetrazolium) reduction potential of each test article will be made.

-Assessment of Coloring or Staining Materials:
No assessment of each test article’s ability to absorb light at the wavelength (570 nm) used for MTT determination will be made.

- Pre-Incubation:
EpiOcular™ tissues will be placed in six-well plates containing warmed assay media and will be equilibrated in a humidified 37±1°C, 5 ±1% CO2 incubator for at least one hour. The media will then be changed and the tissues incubated overnight (16-24 hours).
Any tissues not being incubated the same day will be allowed to re-equilibrate at 37±1°C, 5±1% CO2 and will be stored at approximately 2-8°C..

-Pre-Treatment:After the overnight incubation, the tissues will be moistened with 20 μl of phosphatebuffered saline (PBS) and incubated at 37±1°C, 5±1% CO2 for 30±2 minutes.

-Dosing:Whenever possible, solids should be ground to a fine powder before application. 50 mg of a solid test article will be applied topically to duplicate tissues
and incubated at 37±1°C, 5±1% CO2 for 6 hours ± 15 minutes.
After dosing and incubation, the tissues will be thoroughly rinsed with PBS and soaked in 5 ml of room-temperature assay medium in a 12-well plate for the appropriate amount of time.
Tissues will be soaked for 25±2 minutes.

-MTT Extraction:
Following the three-hour MTT incubation period, each tissue will be removed individually and gently rinsed with PBS to remove any residual MTT solution.
The extraction plate will be covered and sealed to reduce evaporation of extractant.
For solid, colored, or staining test articles, 2.0 ml of extractant solution will be used in a six-well plate, allowing extraction to occur through the bottom of the insert.
 
Extraction Conditions:The extraction will be allowed to proceed overnight at room temperature in the dark.
Alternatively, the extraction can proceed for at least two hours, with shaking, at room temperature.

-Decant Extractant:
Tissues immersed in extractant solution in a 24-well plate: After the extraction period is complete, the liquid within each tissue insert will be decanted back into the well
from which it was taken, i.e., the solution will be mixed with the extractant in the well.
The tissue inserts will then be discarded.

-Transferring to 96-Well Plate:Two 200 μl aliquots from each well of the extraction plate(s) will be pipetted into a 96- well microtiter plate.

-Measuring Optical Density:The optical density of the extracted samples will be determined at a single wavelength of 570 nm and using eight 200 μl aliquots of the Extractant as blanks.

Calculating Percent Viability:
The percent viability of the test tissues will be determined using the following formula:
% Viability = 100 x (ODsample / ODNegative Control)

Quality Controls:
Negative Controls: The assay meets the acceptance criterion if the OD570 of the Negative Control is greater than 0.8 and less than 2.5.
Positive Controls: The assay meets the acceptance criterion if the mean relative viability of the positive control is below 50% of negative control viability.
Tissue Variability: The difference in viability between identically treated tissues must be less than 20%. This applies to tissues treated with the same test article as well as living and killed controls.

Ocular Irritation Potential:
An irritant is predicted if the mean relative tissue viability of two individual tissues exposed to the test substance is less than or equal to 60% of the mean viability of the
negative control-treated tissue viability.

In Vitro Result In Vivo Prediction (GHS3)
Mean tissue viability ≤ 60% Category 1 / Hazard Code 318, or
Category 2 / Hazard Codes 319 and 320
Mean tissue viability > 60% No Category (Non-Irritating)

Borderline Results:
If the test article-treated tissue viability is 60±5%, a second EIT should be performed. If the results of the second test disagree with the first, then a third test should be performed. The conclusion will be based on the agreement of two of the three tests.

Duration:The duration of the EpiOcularTM Eye Irritation Test is approximately five days.

Irritation parameter:

other: mean % tissue viability

Run / experiment:

Run 1

Value:

96.8

Vehicle controls validity:

not specified

Negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Remarks on result:

no indication of irritation

Other effects / acceptance of results:

Negative Controls: The assay meets the acceptance criterion if the OD570 of the Negative Control is greater than 0.8 and less than 2.5.
Positive Controls: The assay meets the acceptance criterion if the mean relative viability of the positive control is below 50% of negative control viability.
Tissue Variability: The difference in viability between identically treated tissues must be less than 20%.

Test and Control Article Identity	Tissue Viability		Irritancy Classification	GHS Category
	Mean	SD
93-00-5	96.8	5.03%	NON IRRITANT	NC

 

Test and control article identity	Tissue no.	Raw data		Blank corrected data		Mean of aliquots	% viability	OD		Viabilities (%)
								MEAN	SD	Mean	SD
		Aliq 1	Aliq 2	Aliq 1	Aliq 2
93-00-5	1	1.548	1.541	1.501	1.494	1.498	94.2	1.538	0.080	96.8	5.03
	2	1.633	1.616	1.586	1.569	1.578	99.3

 

Interpretation of results:

other: not irritating

Conclusions:

The ocular irritation potential of test article was determined according to the OECD 492 test guideline. The mean % tissue viability of tesrt chemical was determined to be 96.8%. Thus, the test chemical was considered to be not irritating to MatTek EpiOcular Tisssue Model OCL-200.

Executive summary:

The ocular irritation potential of test article was determined according to the OECD 492 test guideline. The MatTek EpiOcular™ model was used to assess the potential ocular irritation of the test article by determining the viability of the tissues following exposure to the test article via MTT. The objective of this study was to assess the ocular irritation potential of test article. Tissues were exposed to test article and controls for ~6 hours, followed by a ~25 minute post-soak and approximately 18 hour recovery after the post-soak. The viability of each tissue was determined by MTT assay. 

The MTT data show the assay quality controls were met, as the OD of the negative control tissues was between 0.8 to 2.5 in run 1. Also, the positive control, methyl acetate, reduced tissue viability to be below 50% of negative control (for 6 hour exposures with solids) in run one and the standard deviation (SD) calculated from individual percent tissue viabilities of the test article exposed replicates was passing the acceptance criteria.

The mean % tissue viability of tesrt chemical was determined to be 96.8%. Thus, the test chemical was considered to be not irritating to  MatTek EpiOcular Tisssue Model OCL-200.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Respiratory irritation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

Skin Irritation

Various studies have been summarized to determine the degree of irritation caused by the test chemical in living organisms. These results include in vivo as well as in vitro experimental data for the test chemicals.

A study was designed and conducted to determine the dermal Irritation/corrosion potential of the test chemical in Sprague Dawley rats. This study was performed as per OECD guideline No. 402. Ten rats (5 male and 5 female) were used for conducting dermal irritation/ corrosion study.

The animals were kept in their cages for at least 5 days prior to administration for acclimatization to the laboratory condition and after acclimatization period, animals were randomly selected. Approximately 24 hours before application, the hair of each rat was closely clipped from the trunk (dorsal surface and sides from scapular to pelvic area) with an electric clipper, so as to expose at least 10% of the body surface area. The test item was moistened with distilled water. The test item was applied onto the exposed skin of the animal, taking care to spread the test item evenly over the entire area of approximately 10% of the total body surface area or as much of the area as can reasonably be covered. The test item was held in contact with the skin using a porous gauze dressing and non irritating tape around the animal to cover the exposure site for first 24 hours exposure period. Elizabethan collar was placed on each animal for first 24 hours after application of the test item. These collars prevent ingestion of test item. Following 24 hours of exposure, the wrapping was removed and the test site wiped free of excess test item. Distilled water was used to remove residual test item.

The test chemical was applied to shorn skin of 5 male and 5 female animals at 2000 mg/kg body weight. Administration of the test item at 2000 mg/kg did not result in any skin reaction at the site of application during the study period of 14 days. Also, the erythema and edema score of rats was calculated as 0. Administration of the test item did not result in any signs of toxicity and mortality during the study period of 14 days. Animals exhibited normal body weight gain through the study period of 14 days. Gross pathological examination did not reveal any abnormalities attributable to the treatment.

Hence, it was concluded that the test chemical was Non-Irritating to the skin of Sprague Dawley rats under the experimental conditions tested and Classified as “Category- Not Classified” as per CLP Classification

This in vivo result is supported by an in vitro study performed according to the OECD 439 In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method” to determine the dermal irritation potential of the test chemical. The MatTek EpiDerm™ model was used to assess the potential dermal irritation of the test article by determining the viability of the tissues following exposure to the test article via MTT. The objective of this study was to assess the dermal irritation potential of test article Tissues were exposed to test article and controls for ~one hour, followed by a 42 hour post-exposure recovery period. The viability of each tissue was determined by MTT assay. 

The MTT data shows that the assay quality controls were met. The mean tissue viabilities for the Positive control, Methyl acetate were 6.5%, 10.7% respectively in the first and second run, whereas the tissue viabilities of the negative control, Tissue culture water remained at 100% in the both the runs.

The Mean % tissue viability compared to negative control (n=3) of the test chemical was determined to be 82%.

Hence, under the experimental test conditions it was concluded that the test chemical was considered to be not irritating / irritating to the human skin and being classified as “Not Classified'' as per CLP Regulation.

The in vitro result is supported by the a skin irritation study performed in 2 New Zealand White rabbits to assess the skin irritation potency of test chemical.

 In this study, approx. 500 mg of test chemical (dry and ground, made into a paste with water) was applied to the inner surface of the ears of rabbits under an adhesive dressing for 24 hours. At the end of the exposure period, the test substance was washed off with water and soap and observations were made for 7 days.

 Since no known skin irritating effects were observed during the 7 days observation period, the test chemical was considered as not irritating to rabbits skin.

The above studies are supported by the results of another skin irritation study where approx. 500 mg of the test chemical was applied to the inner surface of the ears of 2 rabbits.

Male and Female New Zealand white rabbits were used for the study. The test chemical was applied under an adhesive dressing for 24 hours. At the end of the exposure period, the test substance was washed off with water and soap/vegetable oil. The observation period was 7 days. No skin irritation was observed after 7 days.

Thus on the basis of the above study and according to CLP regulation for the classification of the substance, the test chemical can be considered non-irritant to rabbit skin.

Both the in vitro and in vivo Guideline studies are in agreement with each other, indicating a very strong possibility of the test chemical not to cause any dermal irritation. Hence, the test chemical can be considered to be not irritating to skin. Comparing the above annotations with the criteria of CLP, the test chemical was classified under the “Not Classified”.

Eye Irritation

Various studies have been summarized to determine the degree of irritation caused by the test chemical in living organisms. These results include in vivo as well as in vitro experimental data for the test chemicals.

The ocular irritation potential of test article was determined according to the OECD 492 test guideline. The MatTek EpiOcular™ model was used to assess the potential ocular irritation of the test article by determining the viability of the tissues following exposure to the test article via MTT. The objective of this study was to assess the ocular irritation potential of test article. Tissues were exposed to test article and controls for ~6 hours, followed by a ~25 minute post-soak and approximately 18 hour recovery after the post-soak. The viability of each tissue was determined by MTT assay. 

The MTT data show the assay quality controls were met, as the OD of the negative control tissues was between 0.8 to 2.5 in run 1. Also, the positive control, methyl acetate, reduced tissue viability to be below 50% of negative control (for 6 hour exposures with solids) in run one and the standard deviation (SD) calculated from individual percent tissue viabilities of the test article exposed replicates was passing the acceptance criteria.

The mean % tissue viability of test chemical was determined to be 96.8%. Thus, the test chemical was considered to be not irritating to MatTek EpiOcular Tisssue Model OCL-200.

This in vitro result is supported by an eye irritation study performed to determine the eye irritation potential of the test chemical in rabbits. About 50 mg (the test chemical was dry and ground, made into paste with water) was instilled into the eyes of 2 New Zealand White rabbits. The rabbits were observed for signs of irritation till 7 days.

Slight reddening was seen in 1 rabbits after 1 hour after application which got completely cleared up by 3 days.

Since the effects were fully reversible, the test chemical was considered to be not irritating to rabbit eyes.

The above results are supported by another eye irritation test conducted in rabbits for test chemical to assess the eye irritation potential.

In this study, 50 mg of test chemical was instilled into the conjunctival sac of 2 animals and animals were observed for 7 days. No eye irritation was observed after 7 days. Hence the test chemical was considered as non-irritant to rabbit eyes.

Both the in vitro and in vivo studies are in agreement with each other, indicating a very strong possibility of the test chemical will not to cause any ocular irritation. Hence, the test chemical can be considered to be not irritating to eyes. Comparing the above annotations with the criteria of CLP, the test chemical was classified under the “Not Classified”.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Available studies indicate a very strong possibility that the test chemical lacks the potential to cause irritation to skin and eyes. Therefore, the test chemical can be considered to be not irritating to eyes, skin.

Comparing the above annotations with the criteria of CLP Regulation, the test chemical can be classified under the category “Not Classified”.