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EC number: 209-170-2 | CAS number: 557-34-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Skin irritation: Weight of evidence: Zinc Acetate is considered to be not irritating for skin after a single application of test substance. Experimental data on Zinc Acetate on rabbits, mice, and rats, and read-across approach from experimental data on Calcium Acetate and Zinc Stearate.
Eye irritation/corrosion:
Key study: Test method OECD 437, GLP study: The test item was determined to be ocular corrosive or a severe irritant.
Key study: Test method OECD 438, GLP study: The test item was considered to belong to a group of substances which cause eye corrosion/irritation.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation / corrosion
- Remarks:
- other: read-across from in vivo experimental test with an analogue
- Type of information:
- migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The analogue Calcium Acetate which shares the same functional group with Zinc Acetate, also has comparable values for the relevant molecular properties for the skin irritation endpoint.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Read-across approach from Letter of Access experimental data (test method similar to OECD 404) on the analogue Calcium Acetate.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 24 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 24 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 24 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 48 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 48 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 48 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 9 days
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 9 days
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 9 days
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- other: redness
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 24 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- other: redness
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 24 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 1
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 h
- Irritation parameter:
- other: redness
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 24 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- other: redness
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 48 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- other: redness
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 48 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- other: redness
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 48 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- other: redness
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 9 days
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- other: redness
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 9 days
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Irritation parameter:
- other: redness
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 9 days
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 0
- Other effects:
- Based on the experimental results obtained with the analogue Calcium Acetate, which is considered to be not irritating for Vienna White rabbits skin, and applying the read-across approach, the substance Zinc Acetate is also considered as not irritating under test conditions.
The analogue Calcium Acetate, which shares the same functional group with Zinc Acetate, also has comparable values for the relevant molecular properties. These properties are:
- a low log Pow value which is -1.38 for Calcium Acetate and -1.28 for Zinc Acetate,
- a similar water solubility which is 1.0 g/mL at 25 ºC for Calcium Acetate and 434.78 g/L at 25 ºC for Zinc Acetate, and
- molecular weights which are 158.166 for Calcium Acetate and 183.497 for Zinc Acetate. - Interpretation of results:
- not irritating
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The substance Zinc Acetate is considered as not irritating under test conditions.
- Executive summary:
Based on the experimental results (reported under the endpoint record 07.03.01_05 CaAc) with the analogue Calcium Acetate, which is considered to be not irritating for Vienna White rabbits skin, and applying the read-across approach, the substance Zinc Acetate is also considered as not irritating under test conditions.
Reference
The substance Zinc Acetate is considered as not irritating under test conditions.
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 29 January 2013 - 28 March 2013
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Test method according to OECD Guideline 437, GLP study.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 437 (Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test Method for Identifying Ocular Corrosives and Severe Irritants)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Species:
- other: Bovine cattle (in-vitro test)
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Bovine eyes were obtained from freshly slaughtered cattle at the abattoir. EVA, Saint-Pierre-sur-Dives - France.
- Age at study initiation: Up to 12 months old.
TRANSPORT FROM SUPPLIER TO CITOXLAB: The eyes were transported in a specific container to avoid corneal damage, at ambient temperature, immerged in buffered Hanks medium containing an antibiotic.
Upon arrival, the selection and preparation of corneas was performed as soon as possible. - Vehicle:
- water
- Controls:
- yes
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 750 µL ± 8 µL
- Concentration (if solution): 20% (w/v) in water solution.
VEHICLE
- Drinkingn water treated by reverse osmosis using a ELIX 5 apparatus. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hours ± 5 min.
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 3 corneas were used for each treated series: test item 20% in water, vehicle control (water), positive control 20% imidazole solution in 0.9% NaCl.
- Details on study design:
- STUDY DESIGN:
Corneas (without defects) were mounted in corneal holders. Both chambers of the corneal holders were filled with complemented MEM culture medium (cMEM) and pre-incubated for 1 hour and 5 minutes ± minutes at 32 ºC. Before the treatment, the eyes were macroscopically observed and a first opacity measurement was performed using a opacitometer (OPT0). Then, the of the anterior chamber was removed and the test item applied using a micropipette onto the epithelium of the cornea for 4 hours. At the completion, the test item was removed from the opening of the anterior chamber and the epithelium was rinsed with cMEM (32 ºC). A second opacity measurement was then performed (OPT2). Afterwards, the medium of the anterior chamber was removed and filled with a fluorescein solution. The holders were then incubated vertically in water for 90 minutes at 32 ºC. At the end of the incubation, the optical density at a wavelength of 490 nm of the solution from the posterior chamber of each holder was measured in order to determine the permeability of the cornea. Then, each cornea was observed for opaque spots and other irregularities.
REMOVAL OF TEST SUBSTANCE
- Washing (if done): Yes
- Time after start of exposure: 4 hours
SCORING SYSTEM:
Opacity: Change in opacity = OPT2 - OPT0, corrected with the change of the vehicle control.
Permeability: Corrected permeability = OD490 nm - control OD490 nm
In-vitro irritancy score: IVIS = corrected opacity + (15 x cOD490)
IVIS >= 55.1 = ocular corrosive/severe irritant.
IVIS < 55.1 = not ocular corrosive or severe irritant
TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: lamp, opacitometer, fluorescein - Irritation parameter:
- other: IVIS
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- other: 4 h
- Score:
- 69.5
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- Test item treatment: The in-vitro irritancy score (IVIS) was 69.5.
- Other effects:
- No notable opaque spots or irregularities were observed on vehicle control corneas following the treatment, while opacity, residual test item and fluorescein fixation were observed on the corneas treated with the test item.
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 1 (irreversible effects on the eye)
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- The test item was considered to be corrosive or severely irritant to the eye.
- Executive summary:
A Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test was performed with the test item according to OECD Guideline 437 in order to assess whether the substance is an ocular corrosives or severe irritant. The test item was evaluated using a treatment time of 4 hours. Three corneas per test (test item, vehicle control and positive control) were used in the present assay. Corneas were exposed to 20% of aqueous solution of test item for 4 hours. Then the corneas were rinsed. The opacity of the corneas were measured using a opacitometer before and after treatment in order to assess the change of opacity. After treatment, the corneas were exposed to a fluorescein solution of 5 mg/ml and the permeability determination was performed by measuring the density of the incubation solution media at a wavelength of 490 nm. Afterwards the in-vitro irritancy scores (IVIS) were calculated. No notable opaque spots or irregularities were observed on vehicle control corneas following the treatment, while opacity, residual test item and fluorescein fixation were observed on the corneas treated with the test item. The IVIS for the test item was 69.5. Since the IVIS was >= 55.1, it was considered to be an ocular corrosive or a severe irritant.
Reference
Results:
GROUP |
OPACITY |
PERMEABILITY |
SCORE |
|||||
Vehicle control |
Holder |
OPT0 |
OPT2 |
OPT2-OPT0 |
|
OD490 nm |
|
|
11 15 28 |
2 2 2 |
1 9 7 |
-1 7 5 |
|
0.020 0.021 0.020 |
|
|
|
Mean SD |
|
|
3.7 4.2 |
|
0.020 0.001 |
|
|
|
Test item |
Holder |
OPT0 |
OPT2 |
OPT2-OPT0 |
cOPT |
OD490 nm |
|
|
32 4 17 |
0 1 1 |
87 65 70 |
87 64 69 |
83.3 60.3 65.3 |
0.008 0.012 0.006 |
-0.012 -0.008 -0.014 |
83.1 60.2 65.1 |
|
Mean SD |
|
|
|
69.7 12.1 |
|
-0.012 0.003 |
69.5 12.1 |
|
Positive control |
Holder |
OPT0 |
OPT2 |
OPT2-OPT0 |
cOPT |
OD490 nm |
|
|
3 44 37 |
1 1 3 |
71 61 89 |
70.0 60.0 86.0 |
66.3 56.3 82.3 |
1.464 1.652 3.508 |
1.444 1.632 3.488 |
88.0 80.0 134.6 |
|
Mean SD |
|
|
|
68.3 13.1 |
|
2.188 1.130 |
101.1 29.2 |
As the test item induces an IVIS > 55.1, it was considered to be an ocular corrosive or a severe irritant.
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (irritating)
Additional information
SKIN IRRITATION:
Weight of evidence: Experimental data on Zinc Acetate on rabbits, mice, and rats, and read-across approach from experimental data on Calcium Acetate and Zinc Stearate.
Experimental data on Zinc Acetate:
An exposure/dermal irritancy test (open patch test) of Zinc Acetate was performed using 4 rabbits, 6 mice and 8 guinea pigs. Doses of 0.5 mL/day of a 20 % solution (w/v) in deionized water were applied during 5 days (30 min. of application). Results of the test showed slightly irritating effect in 3 of 4 rabbits, a moderate irritation in all tested mice, and no irritation in guinea pigs.
An exposure/dermal irritancy test (occlusive patch test) of Zinc Acetate was performed using 4 rabbits. 0.5 mL of 20 % solution (w/v) applied on the skin of rabbits during 5 days caused severe irritancy in all tested animals.
The studies were not realized according to official guidelines so the results are not conclusive.
Read-across from experimental data on Calcium Acetate:
The irritation and corrosive effects of Calcium Acetate acid was studied on Vienna White rabbits (two males and one female). Animals were exposed for 4 hours to a 50 % aqueous solution and observed for 9 days. Calcium Acetate did not produce any irritation effect on the rabbit skin.
Based on these results, and applying the read-across approach, the substance Zinc Acetate is also considered as not irritating under test conditions.
Read-across from experimental data on Zinc Stearate:
The irritation effects of Zinc Stearate was studied on rabbits by Draize's method. Test material was applied under occlusive conditions to abraded and intact skin for 24 h exposure period. Zinc Stearate was not irritating for rabbits.
The irritation effects of Zinc Stearate was studied on rabbits by Draize's method. Test material (0.5 g) was applied in a single dose under occlusive conditions for four hours. Zinc Stearate was not corrosive for rabbits.
Based on these results, and applying the read-across approach, the substance Zinc Acetate is also considered as not irritating under test conditions.
EYE IRRITATION:
Key study: Experimental data on Zinc Acetate (in-vitro):
A Bovine Corneal Opacity and Permeability Test was performed with the test item according to OECD Guideline 437 in order to assess whether the substance is an ocular corrosives or severe irritant. The in-vitro irritation score (IVIS) for the test item was 69.5. Since the IVIS was >= 55.1, it was considered to be an ocular corrosive or a severe irritant.
Key study: Experimental data on Zinc Acetate (in-vitro):
The Isolated Chicken Eye Test for Identifying Ocular Corrosives and Severe Irritants was performed according to OECD Guideline 438 in order to obtain information on health hazards resulting from the possibility of a superficial influence of the test item on the eye. The obtained results were as follow: Fluorescein retention: IV ICE Class; Corneal capacity: IV-III ICE Class; Corneal swelling: I-III ICE Class. On the ground of the study results, the test item belongs to a group of substances which cause eye corrosion/irritation.
In-vivo eye irritation study: Data waiving: In accordance with Column 2, the in-vivo eye irritation test does not need to be conducted since the substance causes serious damage to eyes.
Justification for selection of eye irritation endpoint:
No study was selected since both available in-vitro key studies (Klimisch = 1) showed that the substance was corrosive to the eye.
Effects on eye irritation: corrosive
Justification for classification or non-classification
Skin irritation: Based on the available data, the substance is not classified for skin irritation according to CLP Regulation (EC) no. 1272/2008.
Eye irritation: Based on the available data, the substance is classified as Eye Damage Category 1, H318 according to CLP Regulation (EC) no. 1272/2008.
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