1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene

Genetic toxicity: in vitro

Administrative data

Endpoint:

in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria

Remarks:

Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Data is from peer reviewed journal

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

The Mutagenicity of Dinitrochlorobenzene

Author:

Homer S. Black

Year:

1985

Bibliographic source:

Arch Dermatol Vol 121 March 1985

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: as per mentioned below

Principles of method if other than guideline:

A sample of 2, 5 dinitrochlorobenzene, determined to be have purity greater than 98%, was tested in the Salmonella typhimurium plate assay.

GLP compliance:

no

Type of assay:

bacterial gene mutation assay

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

89-61-2.

IUPAC Name:

89-61-2.

Constituent 2

Reference substance name:

1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene

EC Number:

201-923-3

EC Name:

1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene

Cas Number:

89-61-2

Molecular formula:

C6H3Cl2NO2

IUPAC Name:

1,4-dichloro-2-nitrobenzene

Constituent 3

Reference substance name:

1,4-dichloro-2- nitrobenzene

IUPAC Name:

1,4-dichloro-2- nitrobenzene

Details on test material:

Details on test material
- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 1,4-dichloro-2- nitrobenzene
- Molecular formula (if other than submission substance): C6-H3-Cl2-N-O2
- Molecular weight (if other than submission substance): 192.001 g/mol
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Solid
Purity: > 98%
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): No data available

Method

Target gene:

Reverse mutation assay

Species / strain

Species / strain / cell type:

S. typhimurium TA 100

Details on mammalian cell type (if applicable):

Not applicable

Additional strain / cell type characteristics:

not specified

Metabolic activation:

not specified

Metabolic activation system:

no data

Test concentrations with justification for top dose:

1 µg/plate

Vehicle / solvent:

Vehicle
- Vehicle(s)/solvent(s) used: DMSO
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: No data available

Controls

Untreated negative controls:

yes

Negative solvent / vehicle controls:

yes

True negative controls:

no

Positive controls:

no

Positive control substance:

sodium azide

Details on test system and experimental conditions:

Details on test system and conditions
METHOD OF APPLICATION: in agar (plate incorporation)

DURATION
- Preincubation period: No data available
- Exposure duration: No data available
- Expression time (cells in growth medium): No data available
- Selection time (if incubation with a selection agent): No data available
- Fixation time (start of exposure up to fixation or harvest of cells): No data available

SELECTION AGENT (mutation assays): No data available
SPINDLE INHIBITOR (cytogenetic assays): No data available
STAIN (for cytogenetic assays): No data available

NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: Four

NUMBER OF CELLS EVALUATED: No data available

DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
- Method: mitotic index; cloning efficiency; relative total growth; other: No data available

OTHER EXAMINATIONS:
- Determination of polyploidy: No data available
- Determination of endoreplication: No data available
- Other: No data available

OTHER: Colony counts were determined with an automatic colony counter (3M Model 620).

Evaluation criteria:

His+ Revertants/Plate was observed

Statistics:

The Student t test was employed to
statistically evaluate the mutation frequencies; Mean ± SEM

Results and discussion

Test results

Species / strain:

S. typhimurium TA 100

Metabolic activation:

not specified

Genotoxicity:

positive

Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:

not specified

Vehicle controls validity:

valid

Untreated negative controls validity:

valid

Positive controls validity:

valid

Additional information on results:

No data available

Remarks on result:

other: all strains/cell types tested

Remarks:

Migrated from field 'Test system'.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

Interpretation of results (migrated information):
positive

The gene toxicity in vitro response for the test compound 2,5 dinitrochlorobenzene in the Salmonella typhimurium tester strain TA-100 is positive.

Executive summary:

2, 5 dinitrochlorobenzene was used as a test compound to evaluate its toxic nature in theSalmonella typhimuriumtester strain TA-100. The mutagenicity assay was performed as per the Ames et al without any modifications.

In accordance with the marked mutagenic response noted, 2, 5 dinitrochlorobenzene is mutagenic in vitro.