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Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Genetic toxicity in vitro

Description of key information

The test chemical is not likely to be a gene mutant in vitro.

Link to relevant study records
Reference
Endpoint:
in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
Type of information:
(Q)SAR
Adequacy of study:
weight of evidence
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification
Justification for type of information:
The supporting QMRF report has been attached
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: Prediction is done using QSAR Toolbox version 3.3
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Prediction is done using QSAR Toolbox version 3.3
GLP compliance:
no
Type of assay:
bacterial reverse mutation assay
Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Name of test material: 7-Anilino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid- Molecular formula: C16H13NO4S- Molecular weight: 315.35 g/mol- Smiles notation: c1ccc(cc1)Nc2ccc3c(c2)cc(cc3O)S(=O)(=O)O- InChl: YGNDWDUEMICDLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N- Substance type: Organic- Physical state: Solid
Target gene:
Histidine
Species / strain / cell type:
S. typhimurium TA 100
Additional strain / cell type characteristics:
not specified
Metabolic activation:
with
Metabolic activation system:
S9 metabolic actvation system
Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
No data
Vehicle / solvent:
No data
Untreated negative controls:
not specified
Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
not specified
True negative controls:
not specified
Positive controls:
not specified
Positive control substance:
not specified
Remarks:
not specified
Details on test system and experimental conditions:
No data
Rationale for test conditions:
No data
Evaluation criteria:
Increase in the number of dose dependent revertants
Statistics:
No data
Species / strain:
S. typhimurium TA 100
Metabolic activation:
with
Genotoxicity:
negative
Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
not specified
Vehicle controls validity:
not specified
Untreated negative controls validity:
not specified
Positive controls validity:
not specified

The prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following descriptors: "Gene mutation"
Estimation method: Takes highest mode value from the 7 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

(((((((((("a" or "b" or("c" or "d") ) and("e" and(not "f")) ) and("g" and(not "h")) ) and("i" and(not "j")) ) and("k" and(not "l")) ) and "m") and "n") and("o" and(not "p")) ) and "q") and("r" and "s") )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as Strong binder, OH group by Estrogen Receptor Binding

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as AN2 AND AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  AND AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  >> N-Substituted Aromatic Amines AND AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  >> Substituted Phenols by Protein binding by OASIS v1.4

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as Strong binder, OH group by Estrogen Receptor Binding

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as AN2 AND AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  AND AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  >> N-Substituted Aromatic Amines AND AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  >> Substituted Phenols by Protein binding by OASIS v1.4

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.4

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as AN2 OR AN2 >>  Michael-type addition, quinoid structures OR AN2 >>  Michael-type addition, quinoid structures >> Flavonoids OR AN2 >>  Michael-type addition, quinoid structures >> Quinones and Trihydroxybenzenes OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition on alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition on alpha, beta-unsaturated carbonyl compounds >> Four- and Five-Membered Lactones OR AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition reaction with cycloisomerization OR AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition reaction with cycloisomerization >> Hydrazine Derivatives OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation after aldehyde release OR AN2 >> Shiff base formation after aldehyde release >> Specific Acetate Esters OR Non-covalent interaction OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Acridone, Thioxanthone, Xanthone and Phenazine Derivatives OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Amino Anthraquinones OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Coumarins OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> DNA Intercalators with Carboxamide and Aminoalkylamine Side Chain OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Fused-Ring Nitroaromatics OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Naphthalenediimide Derivatives OR Non-covalent interaction >> DNA intercalation >> Quinones and Trihydroxybenzenes OR Non-specific OR Non-specific >> Incorporation into DNA/RNA, due to structural analogy with  nucleoside bases    OR Non-specific >> Incorporation into DNA/RNA, due to structural analogy with  nucleoside bases    >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives OR Radical OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS formation OR Radical >> Radical mechanism by ROS formation >> Five-Membered Aromatic Nitroheterocycles OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Acridone, Thioxanthone, Xanthone and Phenazine Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Amino Anthraquinones OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Conjugated Nitro Compounds OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Coumarins OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Flavonoids OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Fused-Ring Nitroaromatics OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Hydrazine Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitro Azoarenes OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Nitrophenols, Nitrophenyl Ethers and Nitrobenzoic Acids OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> p-Aminobiphenyl Analogs OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Quinones and Trihydroxybenzenes OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives OR Radical >> Radical mechanism via ROS formation (indirect) >> Thiols OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species OR SN1 >> Alkylation after metabolically formed carbenium ion species >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Naphthalenediimide Derivatives OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation >> N-Nitroso Compounds OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after carbenium ion formation >> Specific Acetate Esters OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> Amino Anthraquinones OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after metabolic nitrenium ion formation >> Fused-Ring Primary Aromatic Amines OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrenium ion formation >> p-Aminobiphenyl Analogs OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrosonium cation formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after nitrosonium cation formation >> N-Nitroso Compounds OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Conjugated Nitro Compounds OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Fused-Ring Nitroaromatics OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitro Azoarenes OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic attack after reduction and nitrenium ion formation >> Nitrophenols, Nitrophenyl Ethers and Nitrobenzoic Acids OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution on diazonium ion OR SN1 >> Nucleophilic substitution on diazonium ion >> Specific Imine and Thione Derivatives OR SN2 OR SN2 >> Acylation OR SN2 >> Acylation >> Specific Acetate Esters OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related >> Epoxides and Aziridines OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Alkylation, direct acting epoxides and related after P450-mediated metabolic activation >> Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Naphthalenediimide Derivatives OR SN2 >> Alkylation, ring opening SN2 reaction OR SN2 >> Alkylation, ring opening SN2 reaction >> Four- and Five-Membered Lactones OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation >> Coumarins OR SN2 >> Direct acting epoxides formed after metabolic activation >> Quinoline Derivatives OR SN2 >> Direct nucleophilic attack on diazonium cation OR SN2 >> Direct nucleophilic attack on diazonium cation >> Hydrazine Derivatives OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon atom OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 Carbon atom >> Specific Acetate Esters OR SN2 >> SN2 at an activated carbon atom OR SN2 >> SN2 at an activated carbon atom >> Quinoline Derivatives by DNA binding by OASIS v.1.4

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as No alert found by DNA binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as Michael addition OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation of Heterocyclic Ring Systems OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation of Heterocyclic Ring Systems >> Furans OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> 5-alkoxyindoles OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Alkyl phenols OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Arenes OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Hydroquinones OR Michael addition >> P450 Mediated Activation to Quinones and Quinone-type Chemicals >> Polycyclic (PAHs) and heterocyclic (HACs) aromatic hydrocarbons-Michael addition OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael addition OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael addition >> Alpha, beta- unsaturated esters OR Michael addition >> Polarised Alkenes-Michael addition >> Alpha, beta- unsaturated ketones OR SN1 OR SN1 >> Iminium Ion Formation OR SN1 >> Iminium Ion Formation >> Aliphatic tertiary amines OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic azo OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic nitro OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Aromatic phenylureas OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Primary aromatic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Secondary aromatic amine OR SN1 >> Nitrenium Ion formation >> Tertiary aromatic amine by DNA binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as Strong binder, OH group by Estrogen Receptor Binding

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as Moderate binder, OH grooup by Estrogen Receptor Binding

Domain logical expression index: "k"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as AN2 AND AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  AND AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  >> N-Substituted Aromatic Amines AND AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  >> Substituted Phenols by Protein binding by OASIS v1.4

Domain logical expression index: "l"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as Acylation OR Acylation >> Acylation involving an activated (glucuronidated) carboxamide group OR Acylation >> Acylation involving an activated (glucuronidated) carboxamide group >> Carboxylic Acid Amides OR Acylation >> Direct acylation involving a leaving group OR Acylation >> Direct acylation involving a leaving group >> Carbamates  OR Acylation >> Direct acylation involving a leaving group >> Carboxylic Acid Amides OR Acylation >> Ester aminolysis OR Acylation >> Ester aminolysis >> Amides OR Acylation >> Ester aminolysis or thiolysis OR Acylation >> Ester aminolysis or thiolysis >> Activated aryl esters  OR Acylation >> Ester aminolysis or thiolysis >> Carbamates  OR AN2 >> Michael addition to activated double bonds OR AN2 >> Michael addition to activated double bonds >> alpha,beta-Unsaturated Carbonyls and Related Compounds OR AN2 >> Michael addition to activated double bonds in heterocyclic ring systems OR AN2 >> Michael addition to activated double bonds in heterocyclic ring systems >> Pyrazolone and Pyrazolidine Derivatives OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  >> Carboxylic Acid Amides OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  >> Hydroxylated Phenols OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation with carbonyl compounds (AN2) OR AN2 >> Schiff base formation with carbonyl compounds (AN2) >> Pyrazolone and Pyrazolidine Derivatives OR No alert found OR Nucleophilic addition OR Nucleophilic addition >> Addition to carbon-hetero double bonds OR Nucleophilic addition >> Addition to carbon-hetero double bonds >> Ketones OR Schiff base formation OR Schiff base formation >> Direct acting Schiff base formers OR Schiff base formation >> Direct acting Schiff base formers >> 1,2-Dicarbonyls and 1,3-Dicarbonyls  OR Schiff base formation >> Schiff base formation with carbonyl compounds OR Schiff base formation >> Schiff base formation with carbonyl compounds >> Aromatic carbonyl compounds OR Schiff base formation >> Schiff base on pyrazolones and pyrazolidinones OR Schiff base formation >> Schiff base on pyrazolones and pyrazolidinones >> Pyrazolones and Pyrazolidinones by Protein binding by OASIS v1.4

Domain logical expression index: "m"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as No superfragment by Superfragments ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "n"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as Bioavailable by Lipinski Rule Oasis ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "o"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as Group 14 - Carbon C AND Group 15 - Nitrogen N AND Group 16 - Oxygen O AND Group 16 - Sulfur S by Chemical elements

Domain logical expression index: "p"

Referential boundary:The target chemical should be classified as Group 1 - Alkali Earth Li,Na,K,Rb,Cs,Fr OR Group 15 - Phosphorus P OR Group 17 - Halogens Cl OR Group 17 - Halogens F,Cl,Br,I,At by Chemical elements

Domain logical expression index: "q"

Similarity boundary:Target: Oc1cc(S(O)(=O)=O)cc2cc(Nc3ccccc3)ccc12
Threshold=40%,
Dice(Atom centered fragments)
Atom type; Count H attached; Hybridization

Domain logical expression index: "r"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= -1.43

Domain logical expression index: "s"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 3.65

Conclusions:
The test compound 7-Anilino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid failed to induce mutation in the Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 in the presence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.
Executive summary:

Gene mutation was predicted for the test compound 7-Anilino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid using SSS QSAR prediction database, 2016. The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system. The test compound 7-Anilino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid failed to induce mutation in the Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 in the presence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.

Endpoint conclusion
Endpoint conclusion:
no adverse effect observed (negative)

Additional information

Additional information from genetic toxicity in vitro:

Gene toxicity in vitro:

Prediction model based estimation and data from read across have been summarized below to determine the mutagenic nature of the test compound :

Gene mutation was predicted for the test compound 7-Anilino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid using SSS QSAR prediction database, 2016. The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 with S9 metabolic activation system. The test compound 7-Anilino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid failed to induce mutation in the Salmonella typhimurium strain TA100 in the presence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.

In another predition using SSS QSAR prediction model, 2016, Gene mutation was predicted for the test compound 7-Anilino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid. The study assumed the use of Salmonella typhimurium strain TA1535 without S9 metabolic activation system. The test compound 7-Anilino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid failed to induce mutation in the Salmonella typhimurium strain TA1535 in the absence of S9 metabolic activation system and hence is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.

In a study for RA CAS no 1248 -18 -6, Salmonella/mammalian microsome assay was performed by Brown et al (1979) to evaluate the mutagenic nature of the test compound D and C Red No. 10. The dye was dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide and up to 0.2 ml was introduced into 2.5 ml of the tempered top agar together with 0.1 ml Salmonella typhimurium broth suspension and 0.25 ml Aroclor 1254 induced rat liver S9. The mixtures was plated on 20 ml of Vogel-Bonner E bottom agar in the usual fashion and incubated for 3 days at 35°. Each agent was tested with all 5 basic tester strains (TA1535, TA100, TA1537, TA1538, TA98) with and without microsomal activation at concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 500 or 1000 µg/plate. The test compound D and C Red No. 10 failed to show any mutagenic activity in the Salmonella typhimurium tester strains with and without S9 metabolic activation system and hence is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.

Another study was performed by Zeiger et al (1972) for the test compound RA CAS no 93 -45 -8. Preincubation assay was performed to evaluate the mutagenic nature of the test compound 4-(2-Naphthylamino)phenol. The study was performed as described by Haworth et al 1983 with slight modification. The study involved the use of test chemical dose levels of 0.000, 0.300, 1.000, 3.000, 10.000, 33.000, 66.000, 100.000, 166.000, 333.000, 666.000 µg/plate and Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 100, TA1535, TA 1537, TA 97 and TA98 in the presence and absence of S9 metabolic activation system.The test compound4-(2-Naphthylamino)phenol failed to induce mutation in the Salmonella typhimurium tester strains and hence is not likely to classify for gene mutation in vitro.

Based on the weight of evidence data summarized, the test chemical 7-Anilino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro

Justification for selection of genetic toxicity endpoint

Data is from prediction database

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on the weight of evidence data summarized, the test chemical 7-Anilino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulphonic acid is not likely to classify as a gene mutant in vitro.