1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-, C5-9 carboxylates

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Skin irritation/corrosion: not irritating (WoE, analogue approach)
Eye irritation: not irritating (key, OECD 405)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin irritation / corrosion

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Eye irritation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

eye irritation: in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

16 Jan - 23 Jan 1995

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Basic data given

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)

GLP compliance:

not specified

Species:

rabbit

Strain:

other: New-Zealand albino

Vehicle:

not specified

Controls:

other: the untreated eye served as control

Duration of treatment / exposure:

Single application without washing

Observation period (in vivo):

7 days
Reading time points: 1, 24, 48 and 72 h and 7 days

Number of animals or in vitro replicates:

3 males

Details on study design:

SCORING SYSTEM: Draize scoring system

Irritation parameter:

cornea opacity score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

of all 3 animals

Time point:

other: mean over 24, 48 and 72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

4

Reversibility:

other: reversibility not applicable

Irritation parameter:

iris score

Basis:

mean

Remarks:

out of all 3 animals

Time point:

other: mean over 24, 48 and 72 h

Score:

0

Max. score:

2

Reversibility:

other: reversibility not applicable

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #1

Time point:

other: mean over 24, 48 and 72 h

Score:

0.33

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #2

Time point:

other: mean over 24, 48 and 72 h

Score:

0.33

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Irritation parameter:

conjunctivae score

Basis:

animal #3

Time point:

other: mean over 24, 48 and 72 h

Score:

0.67

Max. score:

3

Reversibility:

fully reversible within: 7 days

Irritant / corrosive response data:

No reactions were observed on the cornea and iris. The conjuntival reactions were mild to moderate within the first hour after exposure and slight within the 24 and 48 hours after exposure in 2 and 1 animal, respectively. However, the conjuctival reactions disappeared within 72 hours after exposure in all three animals.

Interpretation of results:

not irritating

Remarks:

Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU

Conclusions:

CLP: not classified
DSD: not classified

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no adverse effect observed (not irritating)

Respiratory irritation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Additional information

Justification for grouping of substances and read-across

There are data available for the target substance 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-, C5-9 carboxylates (CAS 85711-80-4) on skin and eye irritation/corrosion. However, to support the existing substance-specific information, read-across to structurally related substances was conducted following a weight-of-evidence approach for skin irritation as the study available for the target substance is not considered as sufficient for hazard assessment (for details, please refer to the discussion below).

In accordance with Article 13 (1) of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, "information on intrinsic properties of substances may be generated by means other than tests, provided that the conditions set out in Annex XI are met.” In particular for human toxicity, information shall be generated whenever possible by means other than vertebrate animal tests, which includes the use of information from structurally related substances (grouping or read-across).

Having regard to the general rules for grouping of substances and read-across approach laid down in Annex XI, Item 1.5, of Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 whereby substances may be predicted as similar provided that their physicochemical, toxicological and ecotoxicological properties are likely to be similar or follow a regular pattern as a result of structural similarity, the substances Heptanoic acid, ester with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol (CAS 68855-18-5), and 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid mixed tetraesters with pentaerythritol and valeric acid (CAS 131459-39-7), are selected as source substances for hazard assessment of skin irritation.

Skin irritation

A study of low reliability investigating the skin irritation potential of 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-, C5-9 carboxylates (CAS 85711-80-4) is available. Due to limited information (no data on type of coverage, no information on the amount of test substance applied, and observation period limited to seven days), hazard assessment is conducted following a weight-of-evidence approach covering substance-specific and read across data.

CAS 85711-80-4

1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-, C5-9 carboxylates (CAS 85711-80-4) was investigated in a primary skin irritation study according to OECD 404 (Bouffechoux, 1995). Three New Zealand rabbits were exposed to the unchanged test material (amount not reported) for 4 h. The rabbits were observed for 7 days. Skin reactions were assessed using the Draize scheme approx. 1, 24, 48, 72 h and 7 days after the end of the treatment period. Well defined erythema (grade 2) was observed in two animals at 24 hour after exposure and persisted for 72 hours. However, it was completely reversible within 7 days. A grade 2 erythema was observed in one other animal at 24 and 48 hour post-exposure time, while a grade 3 erythema was observed at 72 hour reading time. At the end of the 7 days observation time the inflammation had subsided and only a mild erythema (grade 1) was evident in this animal. As no data are available for later reading time points (e.g. after an observation period of 14 days), reversibility of the slight erythema observed in one test animal cannot be assessed.

CAS 68855-18-5

A primary dermal irritation study was performed with Heptanoic acid, ester with 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol (CAS 68855-18-5) according to OECD Guideline 404 and GLP (Doyle, 1996). The shaved left flanks of three female New Zealand White rabbits were exposed to 0.5 mL unchanged test material for 4 hours under semiocclusive conditions. The rabbits were observed for 3 days following exposure. Skin reactions were assessed according to the Draize scoring system 1, 24, 48 and 72 hours after removal of the test substance. No signs of skin erythema or oedema were observed in any of the tested animals at any reading time point. Both mean erythema and oedema scores were zero after 24, 48, and 72 h. Thus, the test material is not considered irritating to the skin in this study.

CAS 131459-39-7

3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid mixed tetraesters with pentaerythritol and valeric acid (CAS# 131459-39-7) was tested in a primary skin irritation study performed according to OECD Guideline 404 (Allen, 1992) under GLP conditions. The shaved dorsal skin of three New Zealand rabbits was exposed to 0.5 mL undiluted test material for 4 h under semi-occlusive conditions. The rabbits were observed for 7 days. Skin reactions were assessed using the Draize scheme approx. 1, 24, 48, 72 h as well as 7 days after removal of the test substance. Slight to weak erythema and oedema were observed in all three animals during the first 72 h after exposure (maximum mean score 1). Very slight erythema was noted at all treated skin sites at the 24 and 48-h observation time and at two treated skin sites at the 72-h observation period. Very slight oedema was noted at all treated skin sites at the 24-hour observation and persisted at two treated skin site at the 48 and 72-h observation time. Very slight oedema was noted at all treated skin sites at the 24-hour observation and persisted at two treated skin site at the 48 and 72-hour observations. However, signs of skin irritation reversed within 7 days. Thus, the test material is not considered irritating to the skin based on the results obtained in this study.

Overall, following a weight-of-evidence approach covering substance-specific data and data available for structural analogue substances, the target substance 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-, C5-9 carboxylates is not considered as irritating to skin according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008.

Eye irritation

CAS 85711-80-4

1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-, C5-9 carboxylates (CAS 85711-80-4) was tested for its eye irritation potential according to OECD Guideline 405 (Bouffechoux, 1995). The undiluted test substance (amount not reported) was instilled into the conjunctival sac of three male New Zealand albino rabbits. The animals were observed for 7 days. Eye irritation was scored according to Draize 1, 24, 48 and 72 h, and 7 days after application. No corneal or iridial effects were observed in all test animals. The conjuntival reactions were mild to moderate within the first hour after exposure and slight at the 24 and 48 h reading time resulting in mean scores of 0.33, 0.33 and 0.67 for each animal, respectively. However, the conjunctival reactions disappeared within 72 h after exposure in all three animals. Thus, the test material is not considered irritating to the eye based on the conducted study.

Conclusion for skin and eye irritation

In conclusion, three reliable skin and one eye irritation study are available for the target substance and structurally related substances. Following a weight-of-evidence approach, the target substance 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-, C5-9 carboxylates is not considered as skin irritant. Furthermore, based on a substance-specific key study, 1,3-Propanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-, C5-9 carboxylates is not considered as eye irritant.

Justification for selection of skin irritation / corrosion endpoint:
Hazard assessment is conducted by means of read-across from structural analogues. All available studies are adequate and reliable based on the identified similarities in structure and intrinsic properties between source and target substances and overall quality assessment (refer to the endpoint discussion for further details).

Justification for selection of eye irritation endpoint:
This is the only study available.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Following a worst-case approach based on the information received for the test substance and structurally similar substances, the available data on skin and eye irritation do not meet the classification criteria according to Regulation (EC) 1272/2008, and are therefore conclusive but not sufficient for classification.