Tin sulphate

Bioaccumulation: aquatic / sediment

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Qualifier:

no guideline required

GLP compliance:

not specified

Radiolabelling:

yes

Details on sampling:

-

Vehicle:

not specified

Test organisms (species):

no data

Details on test organisms:

-

Route of exposure:

other: no data

Justification for method:

other: not specified

Test type:

not specified

Water / sediment media type:

not specified

Remarks:

saltwater

Total exposure / uptake duration:

> 1 d

Total depuration duration:

> 1 d

Hardness:

-

Test temperature:

-

pH:

-

Dissolved oxygen:

-

TOC:

-

Salinity:

-

Conductivity:

-

Details on test conditions:

-

Nominal and measured concentrations:

-

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Details on estimation of bioconcentration:

-

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Conclusions:

BCF (Marine, Sn2+)= 3000

Reference 2

Endpoint:

bioaccumulation in aquatic species: fish

Data waiving:

study scientifically not necessary / other information available

Justification for data waiving:

the study does not need to be conducted because direct and indirect exposure of the aquatic compartment to the substance is unlikely

Key value for chemical safety assessment

BCF (aquatic species):

3 000 dimensionless

Additional information

Thompson et al. (concentration factors of chemical elements in edible aquatic organisms) reports an BCF of 3000. In due to the physical-chemical behavior of the Sn(2 +)-ion under the environmental conditions bioaccumulation is negligible (rapidly oxidation to SnO_4). Metal-containing inorganic substances generally have negligible vapour pressure and are not expected to partition to air. Once released to surface waters and moist soils their fate depends on solubility and dissociation in water. Environmental processes (such as oxidation and the presence of acids or bases) may transform insoluble metals to more soluble ionic forms. Microbiological processes may also transform insoluble metals to more soluble forms. Such ionic species may bind to dissolved ligands or sorb to solid particles in aquatic or aqueous media. A significant proportion of dissolved/ sorbed metals will end up in sediments through the settling of suspended particles. The remaining metal ions can then be taken up by aquatic organisms.

When released to dry soil most metals will exhibit limited mobility and remain in the upper layer; some will leach locally into ground water and/ or surface water ecosystems when soaked by rain or melt ice. Environmental processes may also be important in changing solubilities.

Even though many metals show few toxic effects at physiological pHs, transformation may introduce new or magnified effects.

A metal ion is considered infinitely persistent because it cannot degrade further.

The current state of science does not allow for an unambiguous interpretation of various measures of bioaccumulation.