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EC number: 639-566-4 | CAS number: 165184-98-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data

Acute Toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- acute toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- from the 2nd to the 16th April 1980
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: see 'Remark'
- Remarks:
- The test is non GLP and no tests material analysis is present (including granulometry), therefore it cannot be Klimisch 1. However, concentration was checked and pathological examination was conducted. Moreover, guidelines are similar to the future OECD 403, thereforea Klimisch 2 reliability score can be assigned.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 980
- Report date:
- 1980
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 403 (Acute Inhalation Toxicity)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- no data on acclimation period, on oxygen concentration, on granulometry
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Test type:
- acute toxic class method
- Limit test:
- yes
Test material
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report):
- Physical state: liquid
- Lot/batch No.: Lot 262
- Stability under test conditions: stable
- Storage condition of test material: was stored at 20 ºC out of direct sunlight
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Sex:
- male/female
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Charles River Breeding Laboratories Ltd.; Wilmington Mass.
- Age at study initiation: 8 weeks old
- Weight at study initiation: 175-225 g
- Fasting period before study: no fasting period
- Housing: individually housed in stainless steel, wire meshed-bottom cages
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): certified laboratory rat diet ad libitum except during the four hours of inhalation exposure
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): tap water ad libitum except during the four hours of inhalation exposure
- Acclimation period: no data
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 23.5 ºC
- Humidity (%): 47.5%
- Air changes (per hr):
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): no data
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: aerosol
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- other: unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: stainless steel whole body exposure chamber
- Exposure chamber volume: 400 L chamber compartmentalised with each compartment being 7''x3''x4''
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: no data
- Source and rate of air: airflow rate through the chamber was set at 45 L/min
- Method of conditioning air: no data
- System of generating particulates/aerosols:aerosol was generated using a Thermo Systems Inc. six jet atomizer. The atomizer was used at a pressure of 13 psig with two jets in operation.
- Method of particle size determination: hourly air samples from the inhalation chamber were passed through a Casella Cascade Impactor. The distribution and size of particles which deposited on each of the 4 stages of the impactor were determined by light microscopy.
- Treatment of exhaust air: decontamination of chamber air was done by passing the air through a HEPA filter, an activated charcoal filter and a liquid scrubber.
- Temperature, humidity, pressure in air chamber: 23.5 ºC; 47.5% RH; the negative pressure within the chamber with respect to the room atmosphere was set at less than 0.5 inches of water
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used:
- Samples taken from breathing zone: yes/no
VEHICLE
- Composition of vehicle (if applicable): Not Applicable
- Concentration of test material in vehicle (if applicable): Not Applicable
- Justification of choice of vehicle: Not Applicable
- Lot/batch no. (if required): Not Applicable
- Purity: Not Applicable
TEST ATMOSPHERE (if not tabulated)
- Particle size distribution:
- MMAD (Mass median aerodynamic diameter) / GSD (Geometric st. dev.):
CLASS METHOD (if applicable)
- Rationale for the selection of the starting concentration: - Duration of exposure:
- ca. 4 h
- Concentrations:
- The animals were exposed only to one concentration. They were exposed to a nominal concentration of Hexyl Cinnamic Aldehyde of 5.00 mg/L resulting in a measured chamber concentration of 2.12 mg/L
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- A total of 10 animals were exposed, 5 male and 5 female
- Control animals:
- not specified
- Details on study design:
- - Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: the animals were observed on the day of exposure and on days 2, 3, 4, 7 and 14 after the day of the exposure
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: gross pathology, clinical signs, body weight, histopathology
Results and discussion
Effect levelsopen allclose all
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 2.12 mg/L air (analytical)
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Sex:
- male/female
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect level:
- > 5 mg/L air (nominal)
- Exp. duration:
- 4 h
- Mortality:
- There were no mortalities
- Clinical signs:
- other: There were no clinical changes of possible toxicological importance
- Body weight:
- Body weight losses occurred on the days following exposure; the losses were generally made good by day 7 of the study. Body weight gains during the second week of the observation period were considered to be satisfactory
- Gross pathology:
- The only changes considered to be of possible toxicological importance were enlarged bronchial lymph nodes sometimes accompanied by pulmonary congestion, or multiple grey-green pinpoint foci in the lungs
- Other findings:
- - Histopathology:
MALES:
animal 1. Chronic respiratory disease, mild
animal 2. Degeneration, tubular, diffuse, unilateral in left testis and pulmonary congestion and edema, diffuse, severe
animal 3. Chronic respiratory desease, severe
animal 4. Chronic respiratory disease, mild
animal 5. Chronic respiratory desease, severe
FEMALES:
animal 1. Chronic respiratory disease, mild
animal 2. No pathological alteration in kidneys and Chronic respiratory disease, severe with one section showing pulmonary congestion and edema
animal 3. Chronic respiratory disease, moderate
animal 4. Hydrometra in uterus and Chronic respiratory disease
animal 5. Dermatitis, ulcerative chronic focal in cervical region and chronic respiratory disease.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Administration of Hexyl Cinnamic Aldehyde by the inhalation route did not produce any systemic toxicity in the albino rat.
Focal greyish-green areas observed grossly on lungs were characterised histologically by aggregates of mononuclear leucocytes mainly about blood vessels and air passages and occasionally extending to alveolar walls, some interstitial fibrosis and infiltration by foamy macrophages. These lessions were considered to be spontaneous and caused as a result of a mild infection with murine respiratory mycoplasmosis. Pulmonary edema and mild congestion revealed in some rats could be attributed to euthanasia. Testicular tubular degeneration and hydrometra in some rats were also considered incidental.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- not classified
- Remarks:
- Migrated information Criteria used for interpretation of results: EU
- Conclusions:
- LC50 Combined > 2.12 mg/L (analytical concentration) / 5.00 mg/L (nominal concentration)
- Executive summary:
In a limit acute inhalation toxicity study performed similarly to the OECD test guideline No. 403, groups of young adult Sprague-Dawley rats (5/sex) were exposed by inhalation route to droplet aerosol of Hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (HCA) for 4hours to whole body at concentration of 5.00 mg/L (nominal, corresponding to 2.12 mg/L analytical). Animals then were observed for 14 days.
LC50Combined > 2.12 mg/L (analytical concentration) / 5.00 mg/L (nominal concentration)
There were no mortalities under the test conditions. The only changes that were considered possibly to be attributable to treatment were a minimal loss of body weight on the days immediately following treatment and enlarged bronchial lymph nodes at the terminal kill, multiple grey-green foci on the lungs and occasional pulmonary congestion.
As the actual concentration reached was only 2.12 mg/L, it is difficult to conclude on the classification of HCA. However it is mentioned in the OECD Guideline No. 403 (2009) that "when testing aerosol the primary goal should to be achieve a respirable particle size and this is possible with most test article at a concentration of 2.00 mg/L". Moreover, there was no mortality and observed lessions were considered by the study authors to be spontaneous and caused as a result of a mild infection with murine respiratory mycoplasmosis. Pulmonary edema and mild congestion revealed in some rats could be attributed to euthanasia. Testicular tubular degeneration and hydrometra in some rats were also considered incidental by the study authors.
Based on the above discussion, under the test conditions, HCA is not classified according to the Directive 67/548/EEC and the Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008.
This study is considered as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirement for an acute inhalation toxicity study.
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