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EC number: 206-992-3 | CAS number: 420-04-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Skin irritation / corrosion
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1982
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Remarks:
- The observation time points were not in accordance with the requirements of the OECD guideline 404.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 982
- Report date:
- 1982
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- skin reactions were scored at 4 and 52 hours after end of exposure instead of 24, 48 and 72 hours. Skin irritation study should not performed with abraded skin.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- the study follows the recommendations of OECD guideline 404 broadly.
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Cyanamide
- EC Number:
- 206-992-3
- EC Name:
- Cyanamide
- Cas Number:
- 420-04-2
- Molecular formula:
- CH2N2
- IUPAC Name:
- cyanamide
- Test material form:
- solid: crystalline
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): SKW Cyanamid F1000
- Appearance: white crystalline material
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- No more details were indicated
Test system
- Type of coverage:
- semiocclusive
- Preparation of test site:
- abraded
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- no
- Amount / concentration applied:
- 0.5 mL of the undiluted test substance.
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hours
- Observation period:
- Approximately 4 hours after bandage removal and 52 hours after dosing.
- Number of animals:
- 6 animals
- Details on study design:
- Twenty four hours prior to the test substance application the hair is removed from the back of the animals with electrical clippers in such a way as to avoid abrasions. An amount of 0.5 g of the test substance is brought on the intact or abraded skin under a surgical patch measuring 1 inch x 1 inch. The patches are fixed to the application site by means of adhesive tape and the entire trunk of the rabbits is wrapped with an impervious material to maintain the rest patches in position and to retard evaporation of volatile substances. Each rabbit is treated on the intact and abraded skin. The abrasions are minor incisions through the stratum corneum, but not sufficiently deep to disturb the derma or to produce bleeding. Effects of dermal irritation were recorded, at approximately 4 hours after bandage removal and 52 hours after dosing. The skin reactions are evaluated by the method of Draize.
Results and discussion
In vivo
Resultsopen allclose all
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Remarks:
- (1016)
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Remarks:
- (1017)
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.5
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Remarks:
- (1018)
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Remarks:
- (1019)
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #5
- Remarks:
- ( 1020)
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 3.5
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #6
- Remarks:
- (1021)
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Remarks:
- (1016)
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Remarks:
- (1017)
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.5
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Remarks:
- (1018)
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.5
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #4
- Remarks:
- (1019)
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #5
- Remarks:
- (1020)
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.5
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #6
- Remarks:
- (1021)
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1.5
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other: The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.8
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- mean
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 3.3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- not reversible
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- The score is the mean value of results at 4 and 52 h (results obtained from a treated animal with intact and not abraded skin).
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- The dermal effects observed , were as follows:
- after 4 hours: very slight to moderate erythema, focal haemorrhages and slight or moderate edema;
- after 52 hours: well-defined to moderate erythema, slight ischemia, very slight incrustation and very slight edema. The treated skin areas had a purple colour suggesting the presence of haemorrhages.
After one week the greater part of the treated skin areas showed slight to distinct necrosis. - Other effects:
- No other effects
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Individual and average skin irritation scores of SKW Cyanamid F1000
rabbit number | intact skin | rabit number | abraded skin | ||
4 hours | 52 hours | 4 hours | 52 hours | ||
A B | A B | A B | AB | ||
1016 | 4-3 | 4-1 | 1016 | 2-3 | 4-1 |
1017 | 2-3 | 3-2 | 1017 | 2-3 | 3-1 |
1018 | 4-3 | 4-2 | 1018 | 2-3 | 4-1 |
1019 | 4-3 | 4-1 | 1019 | 2-3 | 4-1 |
1020 | 3-3 | 4-2 | 1020 | 4-3 | 3-1 |
1021 | 1-2 | 3-1 | 1021 | 2-3 | 2-1 |
average | 5.8 | 5.2 | average | 5.3 | 4.3 |
A = erythma
B = edema
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 1C (corrosive) based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- From the present results it is concluded that SKW Cyanamid F1000 is a severe primary skin irritant and that it is corrosive to the skin of albino rabbits when brought into contact with the skin for four hours as necrotic damage to the skin was still observed 1 week after treatment.
- Executive summary:
0.5 g of the test substance was applied to the intact or abraded skin of six New Zealand White rabbits. The application sites were covered with gauze bandaging secured with several wrappings of adhesive tape and provided semi-occlusive dressing. Approximately 4 hours after dosing the bandages and the test substance were removed. Dermal readings were taken at approximately 4 hours after bandage removal and 52 hours after dosing.
The observations showed that after 4 hours: very slight to moderate erythema, focal haemorrhages and slight or moderate edema. After 52 hours: well-defined to moderate erythema, slight ischemia, very slight incrustation and very slight edema were observed. The treated skin areas had a purple colour suggesting the presence of haemorrhages. After one week the greater part of the treated skin areas showed slight to distinct necrosis, therefore it can be concluded according to the CLP/GHS regulations that SKW Cyanamid F1000 is a severe primary skin irritant and that it is corrosive to the skin of albino rabbits when brought into contact with the skin for four hours.
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