Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 931-384-6 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Between Sep 18th, 1992, and Dec. 14th, 1992.
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study; well-documented study report.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Not applicable. - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- No data available.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method:
Test Solutions:
As the test material was considered insoluble, no stock solution was prepared and the material was added directly to each test vessel by way of glass microscope cover slips. The study design was comprised of a single nominal exposure concentration (1000 ppm) test in duplicate, a duplicate control group, and an assessment of the sensitivity of the inoculum used in the test to a reference toxicant: 3,5-dichlorophenol.
Reference Solutions:
3,5-dichlorophenol (97% purity) stock solution was prepared as follows:
1.5g of 3,5-dichlorophenol was dissolved in 10 mL of a 1N NaOH solution which was subsequently diluted to 30 mL with WCC laboratory reagent grade water, placed on a magnetic stirrer and stirred with a teflon-coated stir bar, followed by the addition of 8 mL of 1N H2SO4 (ACS grade) . The solution was then brought to a total volume of 1 L with WCZ laboratory reagent grade water for a nominal concentration of 500 ppm.
In the test, the nominal reference toxicant concentrations were diluted to 10, 20, and 40 ppm.
- Eluate: not applicable.
- Differential loading: not applicable.
- Controls: The control group was maintained under identical conditions but not exposed to the test material.
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): no vehicle was used.
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): not applicable.
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): no data available. - Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge, domestic
- Details on inoculum:
- - Laboratory culture: no.
- Method of cultivation: The activated sludge organisms were fed a synthetic sewage feed at a rate of 50 ml per liter.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: Activated sludge with and its associated aerobic organisms was obtained from the Cottonwood Subdivision Wastewater Treatment Plant located in Franklin, Tennessee. This wastewater treatment plant serves only the residential subdivision and its community pool.
One gallon of activated sludge was collected by the plant operator, picked up on the day of collection by WCC personnel and transported to the testing laboratory. Immediately upon arrival, the sludge was aerated with low-pressure, oil-free air. The activated sludge organisms were fed a synthetic sewage feed at a rate of 50 ml per liter.
Triplicate 4-ml samples of the mixed sludge were dried at 100 oC in a Fisherbrand drying oven, until a constant weight was achieved. Based on these results, the sludge was diluted to produce a dry weight per unit volume concentration of 4 g/L.
- Pretreatment: no.
- Initial biomass concentration: 4 g/L. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- Not applicable.
- Hardness:
- No data available.
- Test temperature:
- 20ºC
- pH:
- No data available.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No dissolved oxygen data was available, but oxygen consumptions after various treatments were available and showed in the Result section.
- Salinity:
- Not applicable.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Test material nominal concentration: 1000 ppm. Reference substance: 10, 20, and 40 ppm.
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
-Test Vessels: the sludge/microbial inoculums were exposed to the test material in a 1-L glass serum bottles. Total volume within the test vessel for each test condition was 500 ml. Low pressure oil free air was delivered to each test vessels using a glass pipet. Air lines were connected to a pressurized manifold, where air pressure was controlled. All of the test vessels were held in a water-jacketed incubator in the dark during the 3 hour exposure period. The incubator was maintained at 20 oC.
-Number of Vessels and Concentrations (Range Finding Study): No data available.
-Number of Vessels and Concentrations (Definitive Study): duplicate.
Controls – duplicate
Reference – one each at 10, 20 and 40 ppm 3,5-dichlorophenol
Test Material –1000 ppm, nominal.
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
-Test Water: the dilution water for this test was from the City of Franklin, Tennessee, water supply. The water was softened and dechlorinated prior to use. Dechlorination was confirmed with the DPD colorimetric method.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No data available.
- Photoperiod: tested in the dark.
- Light intensity: not applicable.
EXPOSURE
During testing, each mixture was aerated with oil-free compressed air. After the 3 hour contact time, 300 mL of the sludge mixture was removed from the vessels and transferred into a BOD bottle for measurement of dissolved oxygen.
EQUIPMENT:
-Measuring Vessel/Oxygen Meter: BOD bottles contained a teflon- coated magnetic stir bar. The bottle was capped with the BOD bottle oxygen probe to eliminate air space and placed on a magnetic stirring plate. The sludge mixture was stirred at a constant rate and the consumption of oxygen over time was recorded on a strip chart recorder. The test material, control or reference toxicity concentration was written on the strip chart paper. The oxygen readings were recorded for ten minutes until a linear trace covering a sufficient range of oxygen concentrations was obtained.
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable):
Consumption of oxygen over time was recorded after 3 hours exposure.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study: No data available.
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: No data available. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- ca. 2 433 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Details on results:
- - Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: no observation.
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: no data available. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid? Yes.
- Relevant effect levels: 3-Hour EC50 value was determined to be 29 mg/L which was within the acceptable range of 5 to 30 mg/L.
- Other: - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Analysis of Consumption Data:
Only the linear section on the chart paper representing the oxygen consumption was used to evaluate the results. The chart readings were transformed into mg of O2 per liter consumed per hour (mg O2/L*hr). To calculate the two control respiration rates for each test material concentrations:
1 ─ 2 *100* RS/(Rc1+Rc2),
Where:
RS = oxygen consumption rate of the inoculum exposed to the test material;
Rc1 = oxygen consumption rate, control 1;
Rc2 = oxygen consumption rate, control 2.
In addition to the assessment of the test material, the reference toxicant results were similarly evaluated. The reference toxicant data were subject to probit analysis to calculate the EC50. To ensure quality control the two control consumption rates needed to be within 15% of each other and the 3 h EC 50 of the reference toxicant needed to be between 5 and 30 mg/L. Both of these conditions were met for the test reported herein. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The test substance does not show any significant effect on the oxygen consumption of activated sludge. 3 h EC 50 is 2433 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The potential impact of test material on microbial metabolism, as represented by the consumption of oxygen, was investigated using the "Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test" as prescribed by OECD (1984) and detailed in WCC Protocol OECD209. The test duration was a three-hour exposure period to the test material followed by up to ten minutes for the measurement of oxygen consumption. The study design was comprised of a single nominal exposure concentrations1000 ppm, tested in duplicate; a duplicate control group; and an assessment of the sensitivity of the inoculum used in the test to a reference toxicant (3,5-dichlorophenol).
The activated sludge respiration test with test material passed the quality control criteria for an acceptable test. The EC50calculated for the reference toxicant was 29 rng/L, within the acceptable range of 5 to 30 mg/L. The two control replicates produced oxygen consumption rates within the required 15 % of each other, 90.0 and 106.7 mg O2/L*hr, which is also required for the validity of the test.
The oxygen consumption rates observed for the activated sludge microbe exposure to the test material was 57.6 and 98.2 mg O2/L*hr respectively. These values translate into inhibitions of 41.1% and 0% as compared to control. Statistical analysis of the results reveal that there does not exist a statistically significant difference between the oxygen consumption rates of the microbes exposed to the test material and the non-exposed control microbes. Given an average inhibition of 20.6% and assuming that the relationship between concentration and effect is linear, an extrapolated EC 50 value equals 2433 mg/L.
Reference
Only one concentration of test substance was used. The correlation between the test substance concentration and the respiration rate was assumed to be linear and an extrapolated EC50 value was calculated.
The oxygen consumption rates of the 2 replicate controls were within 15% of each other and the EC50 value of the reference substance was between 5 – 30 mg/L meeting the guideline requirements for a valid test.
Table: Results:
Sample |
Respiration Rate |
% Inhibition |
3-Hour EC50 |
Control |
98.4 (mean) |
|
|
Reference: |
|||
10 ppm |
83.1 |
21.5 |
|
20 ppm |
65.5 |
33.4 |
29 mg/L |
40 ppm |
36.0 |
60.4 |
|
Test Substance (1000 ppm) |
77.9 (mean) |
20.6 |
2,433 mg/L |
Description of key information
Given an average inhibition of 20.6% and assuming that the relationship between concentration and effect is linear, an extrapolated EC50 value equals 2433 mg/L (OECD 209).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for microorganisms:
- 2 433 mg/L
Additional information
The potential impact of test material on microbial metabolism, as represented by the consumption of oxygen, was investigated using the "Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test" as prescribed by OECD (1984) and detailed in WCC Protocol OECD 209. The test duration was a three-hour exposure period to the test material followed by up to ten minutes for the measurement of oxygen consumption. The study design was comprised of a single nominal exposure concentrations1000 ppm, tested in duplicate; a duplicate control group; and an assessment of the sensitivity of the inoculum used in the test to a reference toxicant (3,5-dichlorophenol). The activated sludge respiration test with test material passed the quality control criteria for an acceptable test. The EC50calculated for the reference toxicant was 29 rng/L, within the acceptable range of 5 to 30 mg/L. The two control replicates produced oxygen consumption rates within the required 15 % of each other, 90.0 and 106.7 mg O2/L*hr, which is also required for the validity of the test. The oxygen consumption rates observed for the activated sludge microbe exposure to the test material was 57.6 and 98.2 mg O2/L*hr respectively. These values translate into inhibitions of 41.1% and 0% as compared to control. Statistical analysis of the results reveal that there does not exist a statistically significant difference between the oxygen consumption rates of the microbes exposed to the test material and the non-exposed control microbes. Given an average inhibition of 20.6% and assuming that the relationship between concentration and effect is linear, an extrapolated EC50 value equals 2433 mg/L.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.