Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 215-311-9 | CAS number: 1321-12-6
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
There is no skin or eye irritation study available for nitrotoluene (CAS 1321-12-6), but a read-across can be made from 4-nitrotoluene (CAS 99-99-0):
Not irritating to the skin of rabbits;
Not irritating to the eyes of rabbits.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From 18.03. 1986 To 21.03.1986
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 404 (Acute Dermal Irritation / Corrosion)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): p-nitrotoluene
- Physical state: solid (yellow-green crystal)
- Analytical purity: 99%
- Product number/code: GGBE 155
- Storage condition of test material: in the dark at 22°C - Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Hoechst AG, Kastengrund, Germany, conventional breeding
- Age at study initiation: 3-5 months
- Weight at study initiation: 2.2-2.9 kg
- Housing: in air conditioned room, in single cage
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Altromin 2123 rabbit breeding diet (Altromin GmbH, Lage/Lippe) as well as hay ad libitum
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): deionised, chlorinated water from automatic drinking trough ad libitum
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20 ± 3°C
- Humidity (%): 50 ± 20%
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hrs dark/ 12 hrs light
- Type of coverage:
- semiocclusive
- Preparation of test site:
- shaved
- Vehicle:
- other: Polyethylenglycol 400
- Controls:
- not specified
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 500 mg Test substance was moistened with 0.2 ml polyethylene glycol 400
VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.2 mL Polyethylenglycol 400
- Lot/batch no. (if required): Ch-B 2322, Fa Riedel de Haen AG, Germany - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hour(s)
- Observation period:
- up to 72 hours
- Number of animals:
- 3
- Details on study design:
- 24 hours before start of the experiment rabbits were shaved at the dorsal region of the trunk (area 25 cm², intact skin). 500 mg test substance was moistened with 0.2 ml polyethylene glycol 400 and applied on a special tape with additional gauze (area: 2.5 cm²). This tape was fixed on the shaved area and covered by a semiocclusive dressing for 4 hours. After this time tape and test substance were carefully removed from the skin with lukewarm water. Reading were performed as follows: 30-60 min, 24, 48 and 72 hours after removing of the tape, according to DRAIZE score
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- 4-Nitrotoluene is not irritating to the skin of rabbits.
- Executive summary:
4-Nitrotoluene, moistened with polyethylene glycol 400, was not irritating to the skin of rabbits, when applied under semi-occlusive condition for four hours according to OECD 404.
The mean Draize scores for edema and erythema were each "0".
4-Nitrotoluene is not irritating to the skin of rabbits.
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- There is no experimental test data available for nitrotoluene (CAS 1321-12-6), but a read-across can be made from its components. Nitrotoluene (CAS 1321-12-6) is a mixture of mainly 4-nitrotoluene (CAS 99-99-0) and/or 2-nitrotoluene (CAS 88-72-2). In addition, the mixture is containing small amounts of 3-nitrotoluene (CAS 99-08-1). A wealth of data is existing for the hazard assessment of 2- and 4-nitrotoluene, which can be used for the classification of nitrotoluene (CAS 1321-12-6). Key data and classification are derived from the isomer with the most critical hazard identified for each specific end point. The available experimental test data are considered reliable and suitable for the classification of nitrotoluene (CAS 1321-12-6) under Regulation 1272/2008.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Irritation parameter:
- erythema score
- Basis:
- animal: 1-3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
- Irritation parameter:
- edema score
- Basis:
- animal: 1-3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
Referenceopen allclose all
Readings |
24 h (after removal of the tape) |
48 h (after removal of the tape) |
72h (after removal of the tape) |
Average animal 1 (24 -72 h) | Averageanimal 2 (24 -72 h) | Averageanimal 3 (24 -72 h) | Totalaverage | ||||||
Animals |
1 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
1 | 2 | 3 | - |
Erythema |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 | 0 | 0 |
Odema |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 | 0 | 0 |
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From: 18/03/1986 To: 21/03/1986
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.5 (Acute Toxicity: Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): p-nitrotoluol
- Physical state: solid (yellow-green crystals)
- Analytical purity: 99%
- Storage condition of test material: in the dark at 22 °C - Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Hoechst AG, Kastengrund, Germany. Conventional breeding
- Age at study initiation: 3-5 months
- Weight at study initiation: 2.7-3.7 kg
- Housing: the animals were housed in individual cages in air conditioned room
- Diet (e.g. ad libitum): Altromin 2123 Haltungsdiät-Kaninchen (Altromin GmbH, Lage/Lippe, Germany) and hay as well
- Water (e.g. ad libitum): deionised and chlorinated water from automatic drinking trough
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 20+/-3 °C
- Humidity (%):50+/-20 %
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12 hrs dark / 12 hrs light
IN-LIFE DATES: From: 18/03/1986 To: 21/03/1986 - Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- other: the untreated eye served as control
- Amount / concentration applied:
- Amount applied: 100 mg
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 24 hour(s)
- Observation period (in vivo):
- 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- 3
- Details on study design:
- REMOVAL OF THE TEST SUBSTANCE
Washing (if done): yes, with physiologic saline solution
- Time after start of exposure: at 24 hours after exposure, and at all the other time points. The washing was performed also when excretions were observed in the treate eyes and when the fluorescein test was performed on the cornea of the treated eyes.
SCORING SYSTEM: Draize Method
TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: fluorescein - Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0.3
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0.7
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0.3
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #1
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #2
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal #3
- Time point:
- other: 24, 48, and 72 hours
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Irritant / corrosive response data:
- One hour post exposure all the animals presented a light and whit discharge. The conjunctiva was swollen in all the animals and showed a clear hyperaemia of the vasculature.
24 hours post exposure the animals showed still a clear hyperaemia of the vasculature up to carmine red coloration of the conjunctiva.
The effect described above were completely reversible within 48 hours.
One hour post exposure all the animals presented a light and whit discharge. The conjunctiva was swollen in all the animals and showed a clear hyperaemia of the vasculature.
24 hours post exposure the animals showed still a clear hyperaemia of the vasculature up to carmine red coloration of the conjunctiva.
The effects described above were completely reversible within 48 hours. - Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- 4-Nitrotoluene is not irritating to the eyes of rabbits.
- Executive summary:
In a test according to OECD TG 405, 100 mg of 4-nitrotoluene was applied into the conjunctival sac of the left eye of each of three rabbits. 24 hours later the eyes were rinsed. One hour post exposure all the animals presented a light and whit discharge. The conjunctiva was swollen in all the animals and showed a clear hyperaemia of the vasculature.
24 hours post exposure the animals showed still a clear hyperaemia of the vasculature up to carmine red coloration of the conjunctiva.
The effects described above were completely reversible within 48 hours.
4-Nitrotoluene is not irritating to the eyes of rabbits.
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- There is no experimental test data available for nitrotoluene (CAS 1321-12-6), but a read-across can be made from its components. Nitrotoluene (CAS 1321-12-6) is a mixture of mainly 4-nitrotoluene (CAS 99-99-0) and/or 2-nitrotoluene (CAS 88-72-2). In addition, the mixture is containing small amounts of 3-nitrotoluene (CAS 99-08-1). A wealth of data is existing for the hazard assessment of 2- and 4-nitrotoluene, which can be used for the classification of nitrotoluene (CAS 1321-12-6). Key data and classification are derived from the isomer with the most critical hazard identified for each specific end point. The available experimental test data are considered reliable and suitable for the classification of nitrotoluene (CAS 1321-12-6) under Regulation 1272/2008.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal: 1-3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal: 1-3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.4
- Max. score:
- 3
- Reversibility:
- fully reversible within: 48 hours
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal: 1-3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 2
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal: 1-3
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0
- Max. score:
- 4
- Reversibility:
- other: not applicable
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
Referenceopen allclose all
Time endpoint after application |
24h |
48h |
72h |
Average (24-72 h)animal 1 | Average (24-72h) animal 2 | Average(24-72 h)animal 3 | Total average | ||||||
Animal number |
1 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
1 | 2 | 3 | - |
Conjuctiva: Chemosis |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Conjuctiva: redness |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0.3 | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
Iris |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Corneal opacity |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Fluoresceintest |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (not irritating)
Respiratory irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Mononitrotoluene is a mixture of mainly 4-nitrotoluene (CAS 99-99-0) and/or 2 -nitrotoluene (CAS 88-72-2). In addition the mixture is containing small amounts of 3-nitrotoluene (CAS 99-08-1). A wealth of data is existing for the hazard assessment of 2- and 4-nitrotoluene. Key data and classification is derived from the isomer with the most critical hazard identified for each specific end point. For completeness key data of the other isomer is added as supporting information.
Regarding irritation / corrosion classification is driven by 4-nitrotoluene.
Skin Irritation
4-Nitrotoluene, moistened with polyethylene glycol 400, was not irritating to the skin of rabbits when applied under semi-occlusive condition for four hours as described in OECD TG 404. The mean Draize scores for edema and erythema were each “0” (Hoechst, 1986a).
Eye Irritation
In a test according to OECD TG 405, 100 mg of neat 4-nitrotoluene was applied into the conjunctival sac of the left eye of each of three rabbits. 24 hours later the eyes were rinsed. There were no effects on cornea and iris, and only a slight redness (Draize scores between 1 and 2) was noted at 1 and 24 hours after instillation, which was completely reversible within 48 hours (Hoechst, 1986b).
Identical results were observed with 2-nitrotoluene on the skin and the eyes of rabbits (Hoechst, 1975).
Justification for classification or non-classification
Classification, Labelling, and Packaging Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008
The available experimental test data are reliable and suitable for classification purposes under Regulation 1272/2008. There is no skin or eye irritation study available for nitrotoluene (CAS 1321-12-6), but a read-across can be made from 4-nitrotoluene (CAS 99-99-0). 4-nitrotoluene is not irritating to the skin and the eyes of rabbits.
Therefore, nitrotoluene (CAS 1321-12-6) is not considered to be classified for irritation under Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008, as amended for the thirteenth time in Regulation (EC) No. 2018/1480.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.