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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-764-5 | CAS number: 7722-76-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vivo
- Type of information:
- not specified
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- no data
- Reliability:
- 4 (not assignable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- secondary literature
- Remarks:
- Secondary data source.
- Details on absorption:
- Phosphates are absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract as orthophosphate. The transport of phosphate from the lumen is an active, energy-dependent process, and there are factors that appear to modify the degree of its intestinal absorption. Vitamin D stimulates phosphate absorption, and this effect has been reported to precede the action of the vitamin on transport of calcium ion. In general, about two thirds of the ingested phosphate is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract in adults. Absorbed phosphate is almost entirely excreted into the urine.
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics in vivo
- Type of information:
- other: expert statement
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Based on the current knowledge the statement has been written.
- Objective of study:
- absorption
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- no guideline as it is an expert statement
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Radiolabelling:
- no
- Type:
- absorption
- Results:
- For oral, dermal and inhalation exposure, 100, 10 and 100% absorption, respectively, are used for risk assessment.
- Details on absorption:
- Based on low MW, high water solubility, assumed low logPow high oral absorption is expected. Therefore, 100% absorption is taken for oral and inhalation exposure. For dermal exposure 10% absorption is taken, due to the high water solubility, assumed low logPow and ionisation of the substance.
Referenceopen allclose all
In general, a compound needs to be dissolved before it can be taken up from the gastro-intestinal tract after oral administration. MAP and DAP will be dissociated in its ions in water. (Di)hydrogenphosphate is in equilibrium with phosphate. The transport of phosphate from the lumen is an active, energy-dependent process. In general, about two thirds of the ingested phosphate is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract in adults. After ingestion, ammonium ions can be absorbed by diffusion of the unionized ammonia or by active transport of ammonium ion. After intestinal absorption, ammonium ions are converted to urea by the liver, and subsequently excreted in urine. The relatively small molecular weights (below 200) and the high water solubility (>10 g/L) indicate that uptake of MAP and DAP can also take place through aqueous pores. It is therefore likely that MAP and DAP will be absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract. For risk assessment purposes oral absorption of MAP and DAP is set at 100%.
Once absorbed, distribution of MAP and DAP throughout the body is expected based on their relatively low molecular weight, and no accumulation in the body is anticipated based on their hydrophilic character. MAP and DAP have characteristics favourable for fast urinary excretion: low molecular weight (below 300), good water solubility, and ionization of the molecules at the pH of urine.Based on its hydrophilic character, extracellularcentration is also expected to be higher than intracellular concentration.The rate at which these highly water-soluble molecules distribute may be limited by the rate at which they cross cell membranes and access of these substances to the central nervous system (CNS) or testes is likely to be restricted by the blood-brain and blood-testes barriers.
Due to the low aerodynamic diameter of the substances it is expected that MAP and DAP will reach the nasopharyncheal region or subsequently the tracheobronchial or pulmonary region, although the vapour pressure of the substances itself is low. Asvery hydrophilic substances with low molecular weights,any MAP and DAP reaching the lungsmight be absorbed through aqueous pores or be retained in the mucus and transported out of the respiratory tract.Overall, although it is unlikely that MAP and DAP vapour will be available to a high extent after inhalation via the lungs, particles will be available after inhalation via the lungs due to the low aerodynamic diameter. For risk assessment purposes the inhalation absorption of MAP and DAP is set at 100%.
MAP and DAP ionize as soon as they dissolve and having water solubility above 10 g/l and the log P value below 0 may be too hydrophilic to cross the lipid rich environment of the stratum corneum. Therefore, 10% dermal absorption of MAP and DAP is proposed for risk assessment purposes.
Description of key information
A toxicokinetic assessment was performed based on the available data of the substance.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Bioaccumulation potential:
- low bioaccumulation potential
- Absorption rate - oral (%):
- 100
- Absorption rate - dermal (%):
- 10
- Absorption rate - inhalation (%):
- 100
Additional information
In general, a compound needs to be dissolved before it can be taken up from the gastro-intestinal tract after oral administration. MAP and DAP will be dissociated in its ions in water. (Di)hydrogenphosphate is in equilibrium with phosphate. The transport of phosphate from the lumen is an active, energy-dependent process. In general, about two third of the ingested phosphate is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract in adults.After ingestion, ammonium ions can be absorbed by diffusion of the unionized ammonia or by active transport of ammonium ion. After intestinal absorption, ammonium ions are converted to urea by the liver, and subsequently excreted in urine.The relatively small molecular weights (below 200) and the high water solubility (>10 g/L) indicate that uptake of MAP and DAP can also take place through aqueous pores. It is therefore likely that MAP and DAP will be absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract. For risk assessment purposes oral absorption of MAP and DAP is set at 100%.
Once absorbed, distribution of MAP and DAP throughout the body is expected based on their relatively low molecular weight, and no accumulation in the body is anticipated based on their hydrophilic character. MAP and DAP have characteristics favourable for fast urinary excretion: low molecular weight (below 300), good water solubility, and ionization of the molecules at the pH of urine.Based on its hydrophilic character, extracellular concentration is also expected to be higher than intracellular concentration.The rate at which these highly water-soluble molecules distribute may be limited by the rate at which they cross cell membranes and access of these substances to the central nervous system (CNS) or testes is likely to be restricted by the blood-brain and blood-testes barriers.
Due to the low aerodynamic diameter of the substances it is expected that MAP and DAP will reach the nasopharyncheal region or subsequently the tracheobronchial or pulmonary region, although the vapour pressure of the substances itself is low. Asvery hydrophilic substances with low molecular weights,any MAP and DAP reaching the lungsmight be absorbed through aqueous pores or be retained in the mucus and transported out of the respiratory tract.Overall, although it is unlikely that MAP and DAP vapour will be available to a high extent after inhalation via the lungs, particles will be available after inhalation via the lungs due to the low aerodynamic diameter. For risk assessment purposes the inhalation absorption of MAP and DAP is set at 100%.
MAP and DAP ionize as soon as they dissolve and having water solubility above 10 g/l and the log P value below 0 may be too hydrophilic to cross the lipid rich environment of the stratum corneum. Therefore, 10% dermal absorption of MAP and DAP is proposed for risk assessment purposes.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.
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