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EC number: 231-668-3 | CAS number: 7681-52-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Basic toxicokinetics
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- basic toxicokinetics
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The recovered amount of test material appears to be low. However, results of the study provide valuable information on the toxicokinetics of the test material.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 983
Materials and methods
- Objective of study:
- metabolism
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 417 (Toxicokinetics)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Sodium hypochlorite
- EC Number:
- 231-668-3
- EC Name:
- Sodium hypochlorite
- Cas Number:
- 7681-52-9
- Molecular formula:
- ClO.Na
- IUPAC Name:
- sodium hypochlorite
- Details on test material:
- Sodium hypochlorite (radiolabelled, 36Cl, 0.45 µCi)
Constituent 1
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Sprague-Dawley
- Sex:
- male
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- oral: gavage
- Vehicle:
- water
- Details on exposure:
- Concentration in vehicle: 250 mg/L
Specific activity: 0.45 µCi
Total volume applied: 3 mL
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
Males: 3.26 mg/kg bw
- No. of animals per sex per dose / concentration:
- Males: 12
- Control animals:
- no
- Details on dosing and sampling:
- Blood samples: 5, 10, 20 ,30, 60 minutes and 2, 4, 8, 24 and 48 hours.
All other samples: 72 hours (termination)
Tissues sampled: Specimens of stomach, testes, lung, kidney, duodenum, ileum, spleen, liver, bone marrow, carcass and skin.
Treatment of samples:
Blood samples were centrifuged at 1000g for 15 minutes to separate the red blood cells from the plasma
Whole blood and packed cells were prepared by the method of Mahin. Samples of wet tissue weighing up to 200 mg and samples of bone marrow up to 50 mg were placed in individual glass LSC vials. 2 mL Protosol was added to each vial, which was capped tightly to prevent loss of solvent. Samples were solubilised by heating overnight at 50 °C, and then cooled at room temperature; afterwards 0.2 mL of 30 % H2O2 was added for decolouration. The samples were heated at 50 °C for 30 minutes, and then cooled and 15 mL of Aquasol-2 was added. - Statistics:
- Not stated
Results and discussion
Toxicokinetic / pharmacokinetic studies
- Details on absorption:
- The rate constants for absorption and elimination of hypochlorite were 0.157 and 0.009 h-1, respectively.
- Details on distribution in tissues:
- Hypochlorite was widely distributed in the body with highest values in plasma, followed by bone marrow, kidney, testes, lung, skin, duodenum, spleen, stomach, liver, carcass and ileum.
- Details on excretion:
- In the excretion study about 76 % of the recovered dose was found in the urine, 24 % in the faeces.
Toxicokinetic parameters
- Test no.:
- #1
- Toxicokinetic parameters:
- other: rate constant
Metabolite characterisation studies
- Metabolites identified:
- not measured
Any other information on results incl. tables
Distribution and excretion of hypochloric acid in the rat 72 hours after oral administration
Analysed material |
Percentage of initial dose [%] |
Standard deviation [%] |
Body fluid, tissue |
|
|
Plasma |
0.77 |
0.04 |
Kidney |
0.39 |
0.03 |
Lung |
0.34 |
0.02 |
Stomach |
0.20 |
0.03 |
Duodenum |
0.28 |
0.04 |
Ileum |
0.14 |
0.02 |
Liver |
0.20 |
0.01 |
Spleen |
0.23 |
0.02 |
Bone marrow |
0.40 |
0.01 |
Testes |
0.37 |
0.02 |
Skin |
0.32 |
0.03 |
Carcass |
0.18 |
0.003 |
Excreted material |
|
|
Urine |
21.52 |
2.51 |
Faeces |
7.09 |
0.24 |
Expired air |
not detected |
n.a. |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Interpretation of results (migrated information): no bioaccumulation potential based on study results
The rate constants for absorption and elimination of hypochlorite were 0.157 and 0.009 h-1, respectively. Hypochlorite was widely distributed in the body with highest values in plasma, followed by bone marrow, kidney, testes, lung, skin, duodenum, spleen, stomach, liver, carcass and ileum. In the excretion study about 76 % of the recovered dose was found in the urine, 24 % in the faeces. - Executive summary:
- MATERIALS
AND METHODS:
Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 3 mL of a radiolabelled hypochloric acid solution by gavage. Heparinised blood samples were collected 5, 10, 20 ,30, 60 minutes and 2, 4, 8, 24 and 48 hours after treatment by orbital sinus puncture. The radioactivity was counted, the rate constant and half-life of absorption were calculated. Another group of rats were treated similarly and sacrificed 72 hours after treatment. Blood and tissue samples were collected and examined for radioactivity content. Finally, a third group of rats were treated with 3 mL of a radiolabelled hypochloric acid solution and housed in metabolism chambers for the collection of expired air, faeces and urine. Total radioactivity in these samples was counted. Results: The rate constants for absorption and elimination of hypochlorite were 0.157 and 0.009 h-1, respectively. Hypochlorite was widely distributed in the body with highest values in plasma, followed by bone marrow, kidney, testes, lung, skin, duodenum, spleen, stomach, liver, carcass and ileum. In the excretion study about 76 % of the recovered dose was found in the urine, 24 % in the faeces.
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