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EC number: 215-227-2 | CAS number: 1314-23-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Exposure related observations in humans: other data
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- exposure-related observations in humans: other data
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 3 (not reliable)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Clinical and radiographic evaluation of selected employees. Limited documentation.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- A study of the effects on the lung of industrial exposure to zirconium dusts
- Author:
- Reed, C.E.
- Year:
- 1 956
- Bibliographic source:
- Archives of Industrial Health, See AMA Archives of Industrial Health 13, 578-580
Materials and methods
- Type of study / information:
- Clinical studies of employees working on production of zirconium.
- Endpoint addressed:
- repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- No guideline followed
- GLP compliance:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Zirconium dioxide
- EC Number:
- 215-227-2
- EC Name:
- Zirconium dioxide
- Cas Number:
- 1314-23-4
- Molecular formula:
- O2Zr
- IUPAC Name:
- zirconium dioxide
- Test material form:
- other: dust
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): zirconium dust
Constituent 1
Method
- Details on study design:
- Twenty-two workers who had been exposed to the fumes of this process for periods of one to five years were studied. Men who had been employed the longest and those with chest symptoms were selected. Clinical studies included history, physical examination, vital capacity, determination, and serial chest roentgenograms. Most of these men were veterans of World War II, and many had been in areas where histoplasmosis and coccidioidomycosis were endemic.
- Exposure assessment:
- not specified
Results and discussion
- Results:
- No cases of pulmonary granulomatosis were found. No other workers presented findings similar to the engineer previously mentioned. Fifteen of the twenty-two men had no symptoms of lung disease. Two had mild bronchial astma. Five men had chronic cough and sputum and had consulted a physician for chest symptoms. A diagnosis of chronic bronchitis had been made, and the findings confirmed the diagnosis. Three of those five men worked in the chlorination room and attributed their symptoms to chlorine fumes. No significant abnormalities were found on physical examination, and the chest expansion was normal in all cases. The vital capacity was within normal limits in all but two of the men. These men were among the five with chronic bronchitis and had vital capacities of 3.2 and 3.8 liters, respectively.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Roentgenograms were made June, 1954, October, 1954, and March, 1955. In no case there were striking abnormalities in the lung fields. In 11 cases the three films were interpreted as entirely normal. The two men with reduced vital capacity had normal roentgenograms. In seven there was equivocal increase in peripheral lung markings in one of the three films, but this may have been more in the mind of the observer than in the chest of the worker. In the remaining four cases light increase in lung markings was seen in two or more films. Three of these four cases were in the group of five men with chronic bronchitis, and three of them worked in the chlorinated room. No changes reasonably attributable to radiopaque dusts were found.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- The possibility that dusts encountered in the production of zirconium metal might produce pulmonary granulomas was investigated by clinical and radiographic evaluation of selected employees. No abnormalities attributable to zirconium were found.
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