Registration Dossier

Diss Factsheets

Manufacture, use & exposure

Consumer Uses

Documentsopen allclose all

Consumer uses

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide containing articles
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8c: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (indoor)
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide containing articles
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8f: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for consumers
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide containing articles
Product category (PC):
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 21: Laboratory chemicals
PC 0: Other: wear-resistant products
Subsequent service life relevant to this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR

Consumer uses

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide containing articles
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8c: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (indoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8f: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for consumers
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide containing articles
Product category (PC):
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 21: Laboratory chemicals
PC 0: Other: wear -resistant products
Subsequent service life relevant to this use:
yes

Consumer uses

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8a: Widespread use of non-reactive processing aid (no inclusion into or onto article, indoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8b: Widespread use of reactive processing aid (no inclusion into or onto article, indoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8c: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (indoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8d: Widespread use of non-reactive processing aid (no inclusion into or onto article, outdoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8e: Widespread use of reactive processing aid (no inclusion into or onto article, outdoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8f: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (outdoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC9a: Widespread use of functional fluid (indoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC9b: Widespread use of functional fluid (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for consumersopen allclose all
Product category (PC):
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
Product category (PC):
PC 9a: Coatings and paints, thinners, paint removes
Product category (PC):
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Product category (PC):
PC 25: Metal working fluids
Substance supplied to this use in the form of:
as such
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant to this use:
no

Consumer uses

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported >=10tonnes/year per registrant

Referenceopen allclose all

Name:
Tungsten Carbide
Type of composition:
legal entity composition of the substance
State / form:
solid: particulate/powder
Reference substance:
Tungsten Carbide
Name:
tungsten carbide
Type of composition:
legal entity composition of the substance
State / form:
solid: particulate/powder
Reference substance:
tungsten carbide
Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide containing articles
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8c: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (indoor)
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide containing articles
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8f: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for consumers
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide containing articles
Product category (PC):
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 21: Laboratory chemicals
PC 0: Other: wear-resistant products
Subsequent service life relevant to this use:
yes

Consumer uses

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide-containing articles
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8c: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (indoor)
Name of activity / technique:
The early steps of this exposure scenario concern optional mixing of hardmetal powder with extrusion pressing additives (steps 1 and 2) and pressing of the hardmetal powder to form an unsintered blank (steps 3 and 4). For the mixing steps, hardmetal powder is augmented with a plasticizer to form a clay-like material that can be easily extruded; potential exposure to hardmetal dust and any additives used is greatest during handling of the raw materials and filling of the mixer, which is then closed during the mixing process. For the pressing steps, the hardmetal powder is either manually scooped into a press tool or automatically fed into a die for pressing into a compact; potential exposure to hardmetal dust is possible during filling of the press and pressing operations that are non-enclosed.Optional shaping of the compact may take place using manual or automated processes resulting in potential exposure to hardmetal dust during non-enclosed operations (step 5). Afterwards, the compacts are heat-treated (sintered) in vacuum furnaces on coated graphite trays to form cemented WC (step 6). Sintering occurs in closed furnaces, in which case, workers are potentially exposed only during loading and unloading of the furnaces. After the sintering process is complete, optional finishing operations may occur depending on the desired end use of the final hardmetal part or article. Some sintered compacts are wet-ground, while dry grinding is performed as necessary (step 7). Some articles are subjected to further processing operations such as edge rounding (step 8), while other articles are coated in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD) process (step 9). Some hardmetal parts may be welded or brazed onto holders (step 10). There is potential for exposure to hardmetal dust during grinding, edge rounding and coating operations. Potential exposure to welding fumes containing hardmetal is possible during welding and brazing operations.
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8f: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for consumers
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide containing articles
Product category (PC):
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Substance supplied to this use in the form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant to this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR but not a lead’s own use

Consumer uses

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC10a: Widespread use of articles with low release (outdoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC11a: Widespread use of articles with low release (indoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8c: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (indoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8f: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (outdoor)
Subsequent service life relevant to this use:
yes

Consumer uses

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Use of WC-containing articles
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8c: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (indoor)
Name of activity / technique:
Use of WC-containing articles
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8f: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for consumers
Name of activity / technique:
Use of WC-containing articles
Product category (PC):
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 14: Metal surface treatment products
Substance supplied to this use in the form of:
in a mixture
Subsequent service life relevant to this use:
yes
Related assessment:
use assessed in a joint CSR but not a lead’s own use

Consumer uses

Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8c: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (indoor)
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8f: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (outdoor)
Subsequent service life relevant to this use:
yes

Consumer uses

Registration/ Notification status for the use:
use registered according to REACH Article 10; total tonnage manufactured/imported <10tonnes/year per registrant
Contributing activity / technique for the environmentopen allclose all
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide containing articles
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8c: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (indoor)
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide containing articles
Environmental release category (ERC):
ERC8f: Widespread use leading to inclusion into/onto article (outdoor)
Contributing activity / technique for consumers
Name of activity / technique:
Use of tungsten carbide containing articles
Product category (PC):
PC 7: Base metals and alloys
PC 21: Laboratory chemicals
PC 0: Other: wear-resistant products
Subsequent service life relevant to this use:
yes